Effects of saline drinking water on early gosling development
D. S. Stolley, J.A. Bissonette, J.A. Kadlec, D. Coster
1999, Journal of Wildlife Management (63) 990-996
Relatively high levels of saline drinking water may adversely affect the growth, development, and survival of young waterfowl. Saline drinking water was suspect in the low survival rate of Canada goose (Branta canadensis) goslings at Fish Springs National Wildlife Refuge (FSNWR) in western Utah. Hence, we investigated the effects of...
Florida Bay: A history of recent ecological changes
J.W. Fourqurean, M. B. Robblee
1999, Estuaries (22) 345-357
Florida Bay is a unique subtropical estuary at the southern tip of the Florida peninsula. Recent ecological changes (seagrass die-off, algal blooms, increased turbidity) to the Florida Bay ecosystem have focused the attention of the public, commercial interests, scientists, and resource managers on the factors influencing the structure and function...
The Zapot pegmatite mineral county
E.E. Foord, A.E. Soregaroli, H.M. Gordon
1999, Mineralogical Record (30) 277-292
The Zapot pegmatite is currently being mined for mineral specimens (chiefly amazonite, topaz and smoky quartz in miarolitic cavities), for gemstones (topaz and smoky quartz) and for decorative rock (amazonite). The deposit is owned and operated by Harvey Gordon Minerals of Reno, Nevada, and is the only amazonite-topaz mining operation...
Trace-element concentrations in streambed sediment across the conterminous United States
Karen C. Rice
1999, Environmental Science & Technology (33) 2499-2504
Trace-element concentrations in 541 streambed-sediment samples collected from 20 study areas across the conterminous United States were examined as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. Sediment samples were sieved and the <63-μm fraction was retained for determination of total concentrations of trace elements. Aluminum,...
Removal of organic contaminant toxicity from sediments - Early work toward development of a toxicity identification evaluation (TIE) method
J.A. Lebo, J.N. Huckins, J. D. Petty, K.T. Ho
1999, Chemosphere (39) 389-406
Work was performed to determine the feasibility of selectively detoxifying organic contaminants in sediments. The results of this research will be used to aid in the development of a scheme for whole-sediment toxicity identification evaluations (TIEs). The context in which the method will be used inherently restricts the treatments to...
Euthanasia
J. C. Franson
1999, Information and Technology Report 1999-0001
Euthanasia means to cause humane death. Some current euthanasia techniques may become unacceptable over time and be replaced by new techniques as more data are gathered and evaluated. The following information and recommendations are based largely on the 1993 report of the American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA) Panel on Euthanasia....
Reassessment of ice-age cooling of the tropical ocean and atmosphere
S. W. Hostetler, A.C. Mix
1999, Nature (399) 673-676
The CLIMAP project's reconstruction of past sea surface temperature inferred limited ice-age cooling in the tropical oceans. This conclusion has been controversial, however, because of the greater cooling indicated by other terrestrial and ocean proxy data. A new faunal sea surface temperature reconstruction, calibrated using the variation of foraminiferal species...
Liquefaction evidence for at least two strong Holocene paleo-earthquakes in central and southwestern Illinois, USA
W.E. McNulty, S. F. Obermeier
1999, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (5) 133-146
Two strong mid-Holocene earthquakes in Illinois have been documented by paleoliquefaction features such as clastic dikes, sills, and detachments of fine-grained sediment that sunk into liquefied sand. At least one paleo-earthquake occurred in central Illinois about 35 km NE of Springfield, probably sometime...
Environmental influences on potential recruitment of pink shrimp, Fatlantopenaeus duorarum, from Florida Bay nursery grounds
Joan A. Browder, V.R. Restrepo, J.K. Rice, M. B. Robblee, Z. Zein-Eldin
1999, Estuaries (22) 484-499
Two modeling approaches were used to explore the basis for variation in recruitment of pink shrimp, Farfantepenaeus duorarum, to the Tortugas fishing grounds. Emphasis was on development and juvenile densities on the nursery grounds. An exploratory simulation modeling exercise demonstrated large year-to-year variations in recruitment contributions to the Tortugas rink...
Surface seismic measurements of near-surface P-and S-wave seismic velocities at earthquake recording stations, Seattle, Washington
R. A. Williams, W. J. Stephenson, A.D. Frankel, J. K. Odum
1999, Earthquake Spectra (15) 565-584
We measured P- and S-wave seismic velocities to about 40-m depth using seismic-refraction/reflection data on the ground surface at 13 sites in the Seattle, Washington, urban area, where portable digital seismographs recently recorded earthquakes. Sites with the lowest measured Vs correlate with highest ground motion amplification. These sites, such as at Harbor...
GIS characterization of spatially distributed lifeline damage
Selcuk Toprak, Thomas D. O’Rourke D., Ilker Tutuncu
1999, Technical Council on Lifeline Earthquake Engineering Monograph 110-119
This paper describes the visualization of spatially distributed water pipeline damage following an earthquake using geographical information systems (GIS). Pipeline damage is expressed as a repair rate (RR). Repair rate contours are developed with GIS by dividing the study area into grid cells (n ?? n), determining the number of...
Miscellaneous chemical toxins
M. Friend
1999, Information and Technology Report 1999-0001
The previous chapters provide information about some of the chemical toxins that have lethal effects on wild birds. The material presented in Section 7, Chemical Toxins, is far from comprehensive because wild birds are poisoned by a wide variety of toxic substances. Also, monitoring of wild bird mortality is not...
Evaluating adequacy of the representative stream reach used in invertebrate monitoring programs
C.F. Rabeni, N. Wang, R.J. Sarver
1999, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (18) 284-291
Selection of a representative stream reach is implicitly or explicitly recommended in many biomonitoring protocols using benthic invertebrates. We evaluated the adequacy of sampling a single stream reach selected on the basis of its appearance. We 1st demonstrated the precision of our...
Stratigraphic framework of Holocene volcaniclastic deposits, Akutan Volcano, east-central Aleutian Islands, Alaska
C. F. Waythomas
1999, Bulletin of Volcanology (61) 141-161
Akutan Volcano is one of the most active volcanoes in the Aleutian arc, but until recently little was known about its history and eruptive character. Following a brief but sustained period of intense seismic activity in March 1996, the Alaska Volcano Observatory began investigating the geology of the volcano and...
Hydrologic units
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1999, Report
Moment tensor solutions estimated using optimal filter theory: Global seismicity, 1997
S.A. Sipkin, C. G. Bufe, M.D. Zirbes
1999, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (114) 109-117
Moment tensor solutions, estimated using optimal filter theory, are listed for 218 moderate-to-large size earthquakes that occurred during 1997....
Applications and issues of GIS as tool for civil engineering modeling
S.B. Miles, C.L. Ho
1999, Journal of Computing in Civil Engineering (13) 144-152
A tool that has proliferated within civil engineering in recent years is geographic information systems (GIS). The goal of a tool is to supplement ability and knowledge that already exists, not to serve as a replacement for that which is lacking. To secure the benefits and avoid misuse of a...
Ground water
Water Resources Division, U.S. Geological Survey
1999, Report
Some water underlies the Earth's surface almost everywhere, beneath hills, mountains, plains, and deserts. It is not always accessible, or fresh enough for use without treatment, and it's sometimes difficult to locate or to measure and describe. This water may occur close to the land surface, as in a marsh,...
Antarctic glacial history from numerical models and continental margin sediments
P.F. Barker, P. J. Barrett, A. K. Cooper, P. Huybrechts
1999, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (150) 247-267
The climate record of glacially transported sediments in prograded wedges around the Antarctic outer continental shelf, and their derivatives in continental rise drifts, may be combined to produce an Antarctic ice sheet history, using numerical models of ice sheet response to temperature and sea-level change. Examination of published models suggests...
Acute toxicity of hydrogen peroxide treatments to selected lifestages of cold-, cool-, and warmwater fish
M.P. Gaikowski, J.J. Rach, R.T. Ramsay
1999, Aquaculture (178) 191-207
Hatchery personnel depend on therapeutant treatments to control diseases. Currently, hatchery managers in the United States are limited to one approved therapeutant (formalin) and three compounds of Low Regulatory Priority (sodium chloride, hydrogen peroxide, and acetic acid) to control external diseases of cultured fish. Hydrogen peroxide has been used to...
Targeting ecosystem features for conservation: Standing crops in the Florida Everglades
A.M. Turner, J.C. Trexler, C.F. Jordan, S.J. Slack, P. Geddes, J.H. Chick, W.F. Loftus
1999, Conservation Biology (13) 898-911
The Everglades in southern Florida, U.S.A., is a major focus of conservation activities. The freshwater wetlands of the Everglades do not have high species richness, and no species of threatened aquatic animals or plants live there. We have, however, identified a distinctive ecological feature of the Everglades that is threatened...
A goodness-of-fit test for capture-recapture model Mt under closure
T.R. Stanley, K.P. Burnham
1999, Biometrics (55) 366-375
A new, fully efficient goodness-of-fit test for the time-specific closed-population capture-recapture model Mt is presented. This test is based on the residual distribution of the capture history data given the maximum likelihood parameter estimates under model Mt, is partitioned into informative components, and is based on chi-square statistics. Comparison of this test with...
Tectonics of Atlantic Canada
H. Williams, S.A. Dehler, A.C. Grant, G.N. Oakey
1999, Geoscience Canada (26) 51-70
The tectonic history of Atlantic Canada is summarized according to a model of multiple ocean opening-closing cycles. The modern North Atlantic Ocean is in the opening phase of its cycle. It was preceded by an early Paleozoic lapetus Ocean whose cycle led to formation of the Appalachian Orogen. lapetus was...
Potential impacts on Colorado Rocky Mountain weather due to land use changes on the adjacent Great Plains
T.N. Chase, R.A. Pielke Sr., T.G.F. Kittel, Jill Baron, T.J. Stohlgren
1999, Journal of Geophysical Research D: Atmospheres (104) 16673-16690
Evidence from both meteorological stations and vegetational successional studies suggests that summer temperatures are decreasing in the mountain-plain system in northeast Colorado, particularly since the early 1980s. These trends are coincident with large changes in regional land cover. Trends in global, Northern Hemisphere and continental surface temperatures over the same...
High-pressure size exclusion chromatography analysis of dissolved organic matter isolated by tangential-flow ultra filtration
C.R. Everett, Y.-P. Chin, G. R. Aiken
1999, Limnology and Oceanography (44) 1316-1322
A 1,000-Dalton tangential-flow ultrafiltration (TFUF) membrane was used to isolate dissolved organic matter (DOM) from several freshwater environments. The TFUF unit used in this study was able to completely retain a polystyrene sulfonate 1,800-Dalton standard. Unaltered and TFUF-fractionated DOM molecular weights were assayed by high-pressure size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC). The...
