Analysis of bank erosion on the Merced River, Yosemite Valley, Yosemite National Park, California, USA
Mary Ann Madej, W.E. Weaver, D.K. Hagans
1994, Environmental Management (18) 235-250
Channel changes from 1919 to 1989 were documented in two study reaches of the Merced River in Yosemite National Park through a review of historical photographs and documents and a comparison of survey data. Bank erosion was prevalent and channel width increased an average of 27%...
The effects of drought on population structure, activity, and orientation of toads Bufo quercicus and B. terrestris at a temporary pond
C.K. Dodd Jr.
1994, Ethology Ecology and Evolution (6) 331-349
From 1985 through 1990, I monitored the populations of two species of toads, Bufo quercicus and B. terrestris, at a temporary pond in the xeric uplands of north-central Florida. A drift fence with pitfall traps completely encircled the pond basin; the fence was monitored 5 days per week throughout the year. The 5-year...
Short-term cold storage of Atlantic sturgeon sperm
M. N. DiLauro, W. F. Krise, M. A. Hendrix, S.E. Baker
1994, Progressive Fish-Culturist (56) 143-144
Short‐term cold storage of fish sperm with oxygen, an established fisheries technique, was successfully used to preserve milt from Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrhynchus oxyrhynchus). All milt samples stored for 5 d on ice and replenished daily with oxygen retained at least 80% motility and at least 99% viability. One sample...
Vertical distribution of a deep-water moss and associated epiphytes in Crater Lake, Oregon
C. D. McIntire, H.K. Phinney, Gary L. Larson, M.W. Buktenica
1994, Northwest Science (68) 11-21
A one-person submersible was used to examine the vertical distribution of the deep-water moss Drepanocladus aduncus (Hedw.) Warnst in Crater Lake (Oregon). Living specimens were found attached to sediment and rocks at depths between 25 m and 140 m. Dense beds of the moss were observed at depths between 30 m and 80...
Chaotic deposition by a giant wave, Molokai, Hawaii
J.G. Moore, W.B. Bryan, K.R. Ludwig
1994, Geological Society of America Bulletin (106) 962-967
A coral-basalt breccia-conglomerate is exposed >60m above present sea level and nearly 2km inland from the present shoreline on the southwest side of East Molokai Volcano. This deposits was apparently laid down by a giant wave that broke over an outer reef, similar to the present fringing reef, and advanced...
Volume of magma accumulation or withdrawal estimated from surface uplift or subsidence, with application to the 1960 collapse of Kilauea volcano
P.T. Delaney, D.F. McTigue
1994, Bulletin of Volcanology (56) 417-424
An elastic point source model proposed by Mogi for magma chamber inflation and deflation has been applied to geodetic data collected at many volcanoes. The volume of ground surface uplift or subsidence estimated from this model is closely related to the volume of magma injection into or withdrawal from the...
Eruptive history and petrology of Mount Drum volcano, Wrangell Mountains, Alaska
D.H. Richter, E. J. Moll-Stalcup, T. P. Miller, M. A. Lanphere, G. B. Dalrymple, R. L. Smith
1994, Bulletin of Volcanology (56) 29-46
Mount Drum is one of the youngest volcanoes in the subduction-related Wrangell volcanic field (80x200 km) of southcentral Alaska. It lies at the northwest end of a series of large, andesite-dominated shield volcanoes that show a northwesterly progression of age from 26 Ma near the Alaska-Yukon border to about 0.2...
East Mariana Basin tholeiites: Cretaceous intraplate basalts or rift basalts related to the Ontong Java plume?
P.R. Castillo, M. S. Pringle, R. W. Carlson
1994, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (123) 139-154
Studies of seafloor magnetic anomaly patterns suggest the presence of Jurassic oceanic crust in a large area in the western Pacific that includes the East Mariana, Nauru and Pigafetta Basins. Sampling of the igneous crust in this area by the Deep Sea Drilling Program (DSDP) and the Ocean Drilling Program...
Ductile creep and compaction: A mechanism for transiently increasing fluid pressure in mostly sealed fault zones
Norman H. Sleep, M.L. Blanpied
1994, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (143) 9-40
A simple cyclic process is proposed to explain why major strike-slip fault zones, including the San Andreas, are weak. Field and laboratory studies suggest that the fluid within fault zones is often mostly sealed from that in the surrounding country rock. Ductile creep driven by the difference between fluid pressure...
Chemistry of manganese precipitation in Pinal Creek, Arizona, USA: A laboratory study
J.D. Hem, Carol J. Lind
1994, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (58) 1601-1613
Groundwater underlying the valley of Pinal Creek downstream from Globe, Arizona, has been contaminated by low-pH metal-enriched wastewater from copper mining and ore processing at Miami, Arizona. At present, the acidity and most of the dissolved metal content, except for Mn, of the wastewater is removed by reactions with carbonate...
Uranium(VI) adsorption to ferrihydrite: Application of a surface complexation model
T.D. Waite, J.A. Davis, T.E. Payne, G.A. Waychunas, N. Xu
1994, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (58) 5465-5478
A study of U(VI) adsorption by ferrihydrite was conducted over a wide range of U(VI) concentrations, pH, and at two partial pressures of carbon dioxide. A two-site (strong- and weak-affinity sites, FesOH and FewOH, respectively) surface complexation model was able to describe the experimental data well over a wide range...
Model for dolomite formation in northwest Florida
C.R. Cooper, J.A. Tindall
1994, Journal of Hydrology (157) 367-391
Petrographic methods are used to examine the nature of the Floridan post-Oligocene unconformity and diagenetic responses in the associated carbonate units. The study addresses the depositional environment and the character of sediments associated with the unconformity, types and timing of diagenetic changes, and mode of dolomitization for the Suwannee Limestone...
Geology of the Chinese nuclear test site near Lop Nor, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
J.R. Matzko
1994, Engineering Geology (36) 173-181
The Chinese underground nuclear test site in the Kuruktag and Kyzyltag mountains of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of northwest China, is the location of sixteen underground tests that occurred between 1969 and 1992. The largest test to date, conducted on 21 May 1992, had a reported yield of about...
The use of slug tests to describe vertical variations in hydraulic conductivity
J.J. Butler Jr., Geoffrey C. Bohling, Z. Hyder, C.D. McElwee
1994, Journal of Hydrology (156) 137-162
Multilevel slug tests provide one means of obtaining estimates of hydraulic conductivity on a scale of relevance for contaminant transport investigations. A numerical model is employed here to assess the potential of multilevel slug tests to provide information about vertical variations...
Seismicity trends and potential for large earthquakes in the Alaska-Aleutian region
C. G. Bufe, S.P. Nishenko, D. J. Varnes
1994, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (142) 83-99
The high likelihood of a gap-filling thrust earthquake in the Alaska subduction zone within this decade is indicated by two independent methods: analysis of historic earthquake recurrence data and time-to-failure analysis applied to recent decades of instrumental data. Recent (May 1993) earthquake activity in the Shumagin Islands gap is consistent...
Seismological aspects of the 1989-1990 eruptions at redoubt volcano, Alaska: the SSAM perspective
C.D. Stephens, B. A. Chouet, R.A. Page, J.C. Lahr, J.A. Power
1994, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (62) 153-182
SSAM is a simple and inexpensive tool for continuous monitoring of average seismic amplitudes within selected frequency bands in near real-time on a PC-based data acquisition system. During the 1989-1990 eruption sequence at Redoubt Volcano, the potential of SSAM to aid in rapid identification of precursory Long-Period (LP) event swarms...
Seismic structure of the uppermost mantle beneath the Kenya rift
Gordon R. Keller, J. Mechie, L.W. Braile, Walter D. Mooney, C. Prodehl
1994, Tectonophysics (236) 201-216
A major goal of the Kenya Rift International Seismic Project (KRISP) 1990 experiment was the determination of deep lithospheric structure. In the refraction/wide-angle reflection part of the KRISP effort, the experiment was designed to obtain arrivals to distances in excess of 400 km. Phases from interfaces within the mantle were...
A spatial features register: Toward standardization of spatial features
Janette Cascio
1994, Cartography and Geographic Information Systems (21) 155-158
As the need to share spatial data increases, more than agreement on a common format is needed to ensure that the data is meaningful to both the importer and the exporter. Effective data transfer also requires common definitions of spatial features. To achieve this, part 2 of the Spatial Data...
Salinity increases in the navajo aquifer in southeastern Utah
D. L. Naftz, L.E. Spangler
1994, Water Resources Bulletin (30) 1119-1135
Salinity increases in water in some parts of the Navajo aquifer in southeastern Utah have been documented previously. The purpose of this paper is to use bromide, iodide, and chloride concentrations and del oxygen-18 and deuterium values in water from the study area to determine if oil-field brines (OFB) could...
Profile development for the Spatial Data Transfer Standard
John A. Szemraj, Robin G. Fegeas, Billy R. Tolar
1994, Cartography and Geographic Information Systems (21) 150-154
The Spatial Data Transfer Standard (SDTS), or Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) 173, is designed to support all types of spatial data. Implementing all of the standard's options at one time is impractical. Therefore, implementation of the SDTS is being accomplished through the use of profiles. Profiles are clearly defined,...
Identification of larvae: The zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha), quagga mussel (Dreissena rosteriformis bugensis), and Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea)
S. Jerrine Nichols, M.G. Black
1994, Canadian Journal of Zoology (72) 406-417
There are presently four freshwater bivalves in the United States that produce larvae or veligers commonly found in the water column: two forms of Asian clams and two species of dreissenids. Portions of the geographic range of three of these bivalves, one species of Asian clam (Corbicula fluminea), zebra mussels...
Fine structure of the landers fault zone: Segmentation and the rupture process
Y.-G. Li, J.E. Vidale, K. Aki, C.J. Marone, W.H.K. Lee
1994, Science (265) 367-370
Observations and modeling of 3- to 6-hertz seismic shear waves trapped within the fault zone of the 1992 Landers earthquake series allow the fine structure and continuity of the zone to be evaluated. The fault, to a depth of at least 12 kilometers, is marked by a zone 100 to...
Clastic metasediments of the Early Proterozoic Broken Hill Group, New South Wales, Australia: Geochemistry, provenance, and metallogenic significance
J. F. Slack, B.P.J. Stevens
1994, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (58) 3633-3652
Whole-rock analyses of samples of pelite, psammite, and psammopelite from the Early Proterozoic Broken Hill Group (Willyama Supergroup) in the Broken Hill Block, New South Wales, Australia, reveal distinctive geochemical signatures. Major-element data show high Al2O3 and K2O, low MgO and Na2O,...
The KRISP 90 seismic experiment-a technical review
C. Prodehl, J. Mechie, U. Achauer, Gordon R. Keller, M.A. Khan, Walter D. Mooney, S.J. Gaciri, J.D. Obel
1994, Tectonophysics (236) 33-60
On the basis of a preliminary experiment in 1985 (KRISP 85), a seismic refraction/wide-angle reflection survey and a teleseismic tomography experiment were jointly undertaken to study the lithospheric structure of the Kenya rift down to depths of greater than 200 km. This report serves as an introduction to a series...
The volcanic history of Volcán Alcedo, Galápagos Archipelago: a case study of rhyolitic oceanic volcanism
Dennis J. Geist, Keith A. Howard, A. Mark Jellinek, Scott Rayder
1994, Bulletin of Volcanology (56) 243-260
Volcán Alcedo is one of the seven western Galápagos shields and is the only active Galápagos volcano known to have erupted rhyolite as well as basalt. The volcano stands 4 km above the sea floor and has a subaerial volume of 200 km3, nearly all of which is basalt. As...
