Selection of forage-fish schools by Murrelets and Tufted Puffins in Prince William Sound, Alaska
William D. Ostrand, Kenneth O. Coyle, Gary S. Drew, John M. Maniscalco, David B. Irons
1998, The Condor (100) 286-297
We collected hydroacoustic and bird-observation data simultaneously along transects in three areas in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 21 July-11 August 1995. The probability of the association of fish schools with Marbled Murrelets (Brachyramphus marmoratus) and Tufted Puffins (Fratercula cirrhata) was determined through the use of resource selection functions based on...
Reproductive success of Belding's Savannah Sparrows in a highly fragmented landscape
A.N. Powell, Christine L. Collier
1998, The Auk (115) 508-513
Habitat fragmentation can influence the abundance and distribution of birds. Decreases in patch size increase the amount of edge habitat, which can allow greater invasion by exotic species, predators, and brood parasites (Hagan and Johnston 1992, Donovan et al., 1995). Fragmented habitats may act as population sinks and result in...
Above-ground sulfur cycling in adjacent coniferous and deciduous forest and watershed sulfur retention in the Georgia Piedmont, U.S.A.
R. Cappellato, N.E. Peters, T.P. Meyers
1998, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (103) 151-171
Atmospheric deposition and above-ground cycling of sulfur (S) were evaluated in adjacent deciduous and coniferous forests at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW), Georgia U.S.A. Total atmospheric S deposition (wet plus dry) was 12.9 and 12.7 kg ha-1 yr-1 for the deciduous and coniferous forests, respectively, from October 1987 through...
Humic substances as a mediator for microbially catalyzed metal reduction
Derek R. Lovley, J.L. Fraga, E. L. Blunt-Harris, L.A. Hayes, Elizabeth J.P. Phillips, J.D. Coates
1998, Acta Hydrochimica et Hydrobiologica (26) 152-157
The potential for humic substances to serve as a terminal electron acceptor in microbial respiration and to function as an electron shuttle between Fe(III)‐reducing microorganisms and insoluble Fe(III) oxides was investigated. The Fe(III)‐reducing microorganism Geobacter metallireducens conserved energy to support growth from electron transport to humics as evidenced...
A generalized law for brittle deformation of Westerly granite
D.A. Lockner
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 5107-5123
A semiempirical constitutive law is presented for the brittle deformation of intact Westerly granite. The law can be extended to larger displacements, dominated by localized deformation, by including a displacement-weakening break-down region terminating in a frictional sliding regime often described by a rate- and state-dependent constitutive law. The intact deformation...
Bioenergetic relations in submerged aquatic vegetation: An experimental test of prey use by juvenile bluegills
W. B. Richardson, S. J. Zigler, M. R. Dewey
1998, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (7) 1-12
We experimentally tested the hypotheses that bluegills in vegetated habitats grow more rapidly than in nonvegetated habitats because (1) vegetated habitats contain a greater caloric density and (2) are less susceptible to energetic depletion. The 10-week experiment was conducted in enclosures containing factorial combinations of the presence or absence of...
Orogenic gold deposits: a proposed classification in the context of their crustal distribution and relationship to other gold deposit types
D.I. Groves, R.J. Goldfarb, M. Gebre-Mariam, S.G. Hagemann, F. Robert
1998, Ore Geology Reviews (13) 7-27
The so-called 'mesothermal' gold deposits are associated with reginally metamorphosed terranes of all ages. Ores were formed during compressional to transpressional deformation processes at convergent plate margins in accretionary and collisional orogens. In both types of orogen, hydrated marine sedimentary and volcanic rocks have been added to continental margins during...
Effects of a clear-cut harvest on soil respiration in a jack pine - Lichen woodland
Robert G. Striegl, K.P. Wickland
1998, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (28) 534-539
Quantification of the components of ecosystem respiration is essential to understanding carbon (C) cycling of natural and disturbed landscapes. Soil respiration, which includes autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration from throughout the soil profile, is the second largest flux in the global carbon cycle. We measured soil respiration (soil CO2 emission) at...
Optical-cell evidence for superheated ice under gas-hydrate-forming conditions
L.A. Stern, D.L. Hogenboom, W.B. Durham, S. H. Kirby, I.-M. Chou
1998, Journal of Physical Chemistry B (102) 2627-2632
We previously reported indirect but compelling evidence that fine-grained H2O ice under elevated CH4 gas pressure can persist to temperatures well above its ordinary melting point while slowly reacting to form methane clathrate hydrate. This phenomenon has now been visually verified by duplicating these experiments in an optical cell while observing...
Investigation of anion-exchange and immunoaffinity particle-loaded membranes for the isolation of charged organic analytes from water
T. R. Dombrowski, G.S. Wilson, E.M. Thurman
1998, Analytical Chemistry (70) 1969-1978
Anion-exchange and immunoaffinity particle loaded membranes (PLMs) were investigated as a mechanism for the isolation of charged organic analytes from water. Kinetic properties determined theoretically included dynamic capacity, pressure drop (ΔP), residence and diffusion times (Tr, Td), and total membrane porosity (εT). These properties were confirmed through experimental...
Airborne volcanic plume measurements using a FTIR spectrometer, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
K.A. McGee, T.M. Gerlach
1998, Geophysical Research Letters (25) 615-618
A prototype closed-path Fourier transform infrared spectrometer system (FTIR), operating from battery power and with a Stirling engine microcooler for detector cooling, was successfully used for airborne measurements of sulfur dioxide at Kilauea volcano. Airborne profiles of the volcanic plume emanating from the erupting Pu′u′O′o vent...
Nature and regional significance of unconformities associated with the Middle Ordovician Hagan K-bentonite complex in the North American midcontinent
Dennis R. Kolata, W.D. Huff, Stig M. Bergstrom
1998, Geological Society of America Bulletin (110) 723-739
Stratal patterns of the Middle Ordovician Hagan K-bentonite complex and associated rocks show that the Black River–Trenton unconformity in the North American midcontinent formed through the complex interplay of eustasy, sediment accumulation rates, siliciclastic influx, bathymetry, seawater chemistry, and perhaps local tectonic uplift. The unconformity is diachronous and is an...
Field and laboratory evidence for intrinsic biodegradation of vinyl chloride contamination in a Fe(III)-reducing aquifer
P. M. Bradley, F. H. Chapelle, J.T. Wilson
1998, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (31) 111-127
Intrinsic bioremediation of chlorinated ethenes in anaerobic aquifers previously has not been considered feasible, due, in large part, to 1) the production of vinyl chloride during microbial reductive dechlorination of higher chlorinated contaminants and 2) the apparent poor biodegradability of vinyl chloride under anaerobic conditions. In this study, a combination...
Movement patterns and the conservation of amphibians breeding in small, temporary wetlands
C.K. Dodd Jr., B.S. Cade
1998, Conservation Biology (12) 331-339
Many amphibians breed in water but live most of their lives in terrestrial habitats. Little is known, however, about the spatial distribution of these habitats or of the distances and directions amphibians move to reach breeding sites. The amphibian community at a small, temporary pond in northcentral Florida was monitored...
Effect of contaminant concentration on aerobic microbial mineralization of DCE and VC in stream-bed sediments
P. M. Bradley, F. H. Chapelle
1998, Environmental Science & Technology (32) 553-557
Discharge of DCE and VC to an aerobic surface water system simultaneously represents a significant environmental concern and, potentially, a non-engineered opportunity for efficient contaminant bioremediation. The potential for bioremediation, however, depends on the ability of the stream-bed microbial community to efficiently and completely degrade DCE and VC over a...
Seismic or hydrodynamic control of rapid late-Holocene sea-level rises in southern coastal Oregon, USA?
A.R. Nelson, Y. Ota, M. Umitsu, K. Kashima, Y. Matsushima
1998, Holocene (8) 287-299
Intertidal stratigraphy has been instrumental in demonstrating the hazard posed by great earthquakes at the Cascadia subduction zone, but inferring an earthquake history from interbedded sequences of peat and mud is complicated by many factors that influence sedimentation and relative sea-level change on both tectonic and nontectonic coasts. Rapid-to-sudden rises...
Scour measurements at contracted highway crossings in Minnesota, 1997
David S. Mueller, Harry A. Hitchcock
1998, Conference Paper, International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings
During record flooding in the Minnesota River basin in April 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the Federal Highway Administration, collected real-time scour measurements at contracted bridge openings and provided data collection assistance to the Minnesota Department of Transportation bridge inspectors. Weather and flood plain vegetation restricted data...
Foods of Mountain Plovers wintering in California
F.L. Knopf
1998, Condor (100) 382-384
Prey items were identified from the stomachs of wintering Mountain Plovers (Charadrius montanus) collected in California at the Pixley National Wildlife Refuge and Carrizo Plain Natural Area in 1991, and south of the Salton Sea in 1992. Stomach contents of the 39 birds included 2,092 different food items representing 13...
Use of acoustic velocity methodology and remote sensing techniques to measure unsteady flow on the lower Yazoo River in Mississippi
D. Phil Turnipseed, Lance M. Cooper, Angela A. Davis
1998, Conference Paper, International Water Resources Engineering Conference - Proceedings
Methodologies have been developed for computing continuous discharge during varied, non-uniform low and medium flows on the Yazoo River at the U.S. Geological Survey streamgage below Steele Bayou near Long Lake, Mississippi, using acoustic signal processing and conventional streamgaging techniques. Procedures were also developed to compute locations of discharges during...
Effects of management practices on grassland birds: Marbled Godwit
Jill A. Dechant, Marriah L. Sondreal, Douglas H. Johnson, Lawrence D. Igl, Christopher M. Goldade, Melvin P. Nenneman, Betty R. Euliss
1998, Report, Effects of management practices on grassland birds
Information on the habitat requirements and effects of habitat management on grassland birds were summarized from information in more than 5,500 published and unpublished papers. A range map is provided to indicate the relative densities of the species in North America, based on Breeding Bird Survey (BBS) data. Although birds...
A collapsible trap for capturing ruffe
Andrew J. Edwards, Gary D. Czypinski, James H. Selgeby
1998, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (18) 465-469
A modified version of the Windermere trap was designed, constructed, and tested for its effectiveness in capturing ruffe Gymnocephalus cernuus. The inexpensive, lightweight, collapsible trap was easily deployed and retrieved from a small boat. Field tests conducted at the St. Louis River estuary in western Lake Superior in...
Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: Report of the subcommittee on zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission of New Minerals and Mineral Names
D.S. Coombs, A. Alberti, T. Armbruster, G. Artioli, C. Colella, E. Galli, Joel D. Grice, F. Liebau, J.A. Mandarino, H. Minato, E.H. Nickel, E. Passaglia, D.R. Peacor, S. Quartieri, R. Rinaldi, M. Ross, R.A. Sheppard, E. Tillmanns, G. Vezzalini
1998, Mineralogical Magazine (62) 533-571
This report embodies recommendations on zeolite nomenclature approved by the International Mineralogical Association Commission of New Minerals and Mineral Names. In a working definition of a zeolite mineral used for review, interrupted tetrahedral framework structures are accepted where other zeolitic properties prevail, and complete substitution by elements other than Si...
Simulated effects of irrigation on salinity in the Arkansas River Valley in Colorado
K. Goff, M.E. Lewis, M.A. Person, Leonard F. Konikow
1998, Ground Water (36) 76-86
Agricultural irrigation has a substantial impact on water quantity and quality in the lower Arkansas River valley of southeastern Colorado. A two-dimensional flow and solute transport model was used to evaluate the potential effects of changes in irrigation on the quantity and quality of water in the alluvial aquifer and...
Re-evaluation and extension of the scope of elements in US Geological Survey Standard Reference Water Samples
D.B. Peart, Ronald C. Antweiler, Howard E. Taylor, D.A. Roth, T.I. Brinton
1998, Analyst (123) 455-476
More than 100 US Geological Survey (USGS) Standard Reference Water Samples (SRWSs) were analyzed for numerous trace constituents, including Al, As, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Br, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, I, Fe, Pb, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Rb, Sb, Se, Sr, Te, Tl, U, V, Zn and major elements (Ca,...
A laboratory exercise in experimental bioimmuration
C. Mankiewicz
1998, Journal of Geoscience Education (46) 182-186
A paleobiology laboratory exercise using lunch meat, cheeses, and condiments provides a means for studying a method of fossil preservation called “bioimmuration.” The exercise also has students deal with problems associated with other aspects of taphonomy, taxonomy, and paleoecology....
