Reprocessing and reuse of waste tire rubber to solve air-quality related problems
C.M.B. Lehmann, M. Rostam-Abadi, M.J. Rood, Jielun Sun
1998, Energy and Fuels (12) 1095-1099
There is a potential for using waste tire rubber to make activated-carbon adsorbents for air-quality control applications. Such an approach provides a recycling path for waste tires and the production of new adsorbents from a low-cost waste material. Tire-derived activated carbons (TDACs) were prepared from waste tires. The resulting products...
No longer so clueless in seattle: Current assessment of earthquake hazards
C.S. Weaver
1998, Geotechnical Special Publication 39-52
The Pacific Northwest is an active subduction zone. Because of this tectonic setting, there are three distinct earthquake source zones in earthquake hazard assessments of the Seattle area. Offshore, the broad sloping interface between the Juan de Fuca and the North America plates produces earthquakes as large as magnitude 9;...
Changes in the isotopic and chemical composition of ground water resulting from a recharge pulse from a sinking stream
B. G. Katz, J.S. Catches, T.D. Bullen, R. L. Michel
1998, Journal of Hydrology (211) 178-207
The Little River, an ephemeral stream that drains a watershed of approximately 88 km2 in northern Florida, disappears into a series of sinkholes along the Cody Scarp and flows directly into the carbonate Upper Floridan aquifer, the source of water supply in northern Florida. The changes in the geochemistry of...
Difluoromethane, a new and improved inhibitor of methanotrophy
L.G. Miller, C. Sasson, R.S. Oremland
1998, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (64) 4357-4362
Difluoromethane (HFC-32; DFM) is compared to acetylene and methyl fluoride as an inhibitor of methanotrophy in cultures and soils. DFM was found to be a reversible inhibitor of CH4 oxidation byMethylococcus capsulatus (Bath). Consumption of CH4 in soil was blocked by additions of low levels of DFM (0.03 kPa), and this inhibition was...
Plant taphonomy in incised valleys: Implications for interpreting paleoclimate from fossil plants
T.M. Demko, R. F. Dubiel, Judith T. Parrish
1998, Geology (26) 1119-1122
Paleoclimatic interpretations of the Upper Triassic Chinle Formation (Colorado Plateau) based on plants conflict with those based on the sedimentary rocks. The plants are suggestive of a humid, equable climate, whereas the rocks are more consistent with deposition under highly seasonal precipitation and...
Improving a complex finite-difference ground water flow model through the use of an analytic element screening model
R. J. Hunt, Marilyn P. Anderson, V. A. Kelson
1998, Groundwater (36) 1011-1017
This paper demonstrates that analytic element models have potential as powerful screening tools that can facilitate or improve calibration of more complicated finite-difference and finite-element models. We demonstrate how a two-dimensional analytic element model was used to identify errors in a complex three-dimensional finite-difference model...
Ecological relationship between freshwater sculpins (Genus cottus) and beach-spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) in Iliamna Lake, Alaska
C.J. Foote, G.S. Brown
1998, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (55) 1524-1533
The interaction between two sculpin species, Cottus cognatus and Cottus aleuticus, and island beach spawning sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) was examined in Iliamna Lake, Alaska. We conclude that sculpins actively move to specific spawning beaches and that the initiation of their movements precedes the start of spawning. Sculpin predation on...
Variability in nonlinear sediment response during the 1994 Northridge, California, earthquake
S. Hartzell
1998, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (88) 1426-1437
Spectral ratios between sediment sites and rock sites for strong and weak ground motion are compared to infer the extent of nonlinear sediment response in the Los Angeles area during the 1994 Northridge earthquake. Northridge mainshock records form the strong-motion database and aftershock...
Absence of earthquake correlation with Earth tides: An indication of high preseismic fault stress rate
J.E. Vidale, D.C. Agnew, M.J.S. Johnston, D. H. Oppenheimer
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 24567-24572
Because the rate of stress change from the Earth tides exceeds that from tectonic stress accumulation, tidal triggering of earthquakes would be expected if the final hours of loading of the fault were at the tectonic rate and if rupture began soon after the achievement of a critical stress level....
Winter fluxes of CO2 and CH4 from subalpine soils in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado
M. Alisa Mast, Kimberly P. Wickland, Robert G. Striegl, David W. Clow
1998, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (12) 607-620
Fluxes of CO2 and CH4 through a seasonal snowpack were measured in and adjacent to a subalpine wetland in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado. Gas diffusion through the snow was controlled by gas production or consumption in the soil and by physical snowpack properties. The snowpack insulated soils from cold...
Survival of Common Eider Somateria mollissima adult females and ducklings during brood rearing
Paul L. Flint, Christine L. Moran, J.L. Schamber
1998, Wildfowl (49) 103-109
We studied survival of adult female and duckling Common Eiders during brood rearing at two sties o the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, Alaska, in 1997. Duckling survival to 30 days of age was 19%±10% (95% CI). Seventy-three percent of radio-marked adult females had lost all their ducklings by 30 days after hatch....
Why aren't there more Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)?
D.L. Parrish, R.J. Behnke, S.R. Gephard, S. D. McCormick, G.H. Reeves
1998, Conference Paper, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Numbers of wild anadromous Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) have declined demonstrably throughout their native range. The current status of runs on rivers historically supporting salmon indicate widespread declines and extirpations in Europe and North America primarily in southern portions of the range. Many of these declines or extirpations can be...
Climatic trend and habitat variation based on oxygen and carbon isotopes in paleosols from Liujiapo, Shaanxi, China
Hongfang Wang, Chao-Li Liu, L.R. Follmer
1998, Quaternary International (51-52) 52-54
[No abstract available]...
Paleoslope analysis of slump folds in the devonian flysch of Maine
D. Bradley, L. Hanson
1998, Journal of Geology (106) 305-318
Ancient submarine slide and slump deposits in the Devonian flysch of central and northern Maine show considerable variation in fold style, from symmetric to asymmetric to sheath geometries. Building on earlier work by Farrell and Eaton, we suggest that the spectrum of...
Episodic fluid flow in the Nankai accretionary complex: Timescale, geochemistry, flow rates, and fluid budget
D.M. Saffer, B.A. Bekins
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 30351-30370
Down-hole geochemical anomalies encountered in active accretionary systems can be used to constrain the timing, rates, and localization of fluid flow. Here we combine a coupled flow and solute transport model with a kinetic model for smectite dehydration to better understand and quantify fluid flow in the Nankai accretionary complex...
Nd isotopic composition of cratonic rocks in the southern Death Valley region: Evidence for a substantial Archean source component in Mojavia
J.P. Calzia
1998, Geology (26) 891-894
Thirty Early Proterozoic intermediate to silicic metasedimentary and metaigneous rocks in the southern Death Valley region and vicinity show ϵNd values of −1.6 to −6.3 at 1.7 Ga and Nd model ages of 2.1 to 2.6 Ga. These cratonic rocks thus reveal an older...
Petrofacies Analysis - A Petrophysical Tool for Geologic/Engineering Reservoir Characterization
W.L. Watney, W. J. Guy, J.H. Doveton, S. Bhattacharya, P.M. Gerlach, Geoffrey C. Bohling, T.R. Carr
1998, AAPG Memoir 73-90
Petrofacies analysis is defined as the characterization and classification of pore types and fluid saturations as revealed by petrophysical measurements of a reservoir. The word "petrofacies" makes an explicit link between petroleum engineers' concerns with pore characteristics as arbiters of production performance and the facies paradigm of geologists as a...
Development of a nested polymerase chain reaction for amplification of a sequence of the p57 gene of Renibacterium salmoninarum that provides a highly sensitive method for detection of the bacterium in salmonid kidney
D.M. Chase, R.J. Pascho
1998, Diseases of Aquatic Organisms (34) 223-229
Nucleic acid-based assays have shown promise for diagnosing Renibacterium salmoninarum in tissues and body fluids of salmonids. DeVelopment of a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method to detect a 320 bp DNA segment of the gene encoding the p57 protein of R. salmoninarum is described. Whereas a conventional PCR for...
Landscape and fine scale habitat associations of the Loggerhead Shrike
H.L. Michaels, J.E. Cully Jr.
1998, The Wilson Bulletin (110) 474-482
This study was conducted to determine landscape and fine-scale vegetative variables associated with breeding Loggerhead Shrikes (Lanius ludovicianus) on Fort Riley Military Reservation, Kansas. Because Fort Riley is an Army training site, the influences of training disturbance to the vegetation, and range management practices on bird habitat patterns were also...
Propagation of seismic waves in tall buildings
E. Safak
1998, Structural Design of Tall Buildings (7) 295-306
A discrete-time wave propagation formulation of the seismic response of tall buildings is introduced. The building is modeled as a layered medium, similar to a layered soil medium, and is subjected to vertically propagating seismic shear waves. Soil layers and the bedrock under the foundation are incorporated in the formulation...
Klumpen - A mesoscale level of classification for soil structure: Rationale
L.R. Follmer
1998, Quaternary International (51-52) 14-16
[No abstract available]...
Salts on Europa's surface detected by Galileo's near infrared mapping spectrometer
T. B. McCord, G. B. Hansen, F. P. Fanale, R. W. Carlson, D. L. Matson, T. V. Johnson, W. D. Smythe, J.K. Crowley, P. D. Martin, A. Ocampo, C. A. Hibbitts, J. C. Granahan
1998, Science (280) 1242-1245
Reflectance spectra in the 1- to 2.5-micrometer wavelength region of the surface of Europa obtained by Galileo's Near Infrared Mapping Spectrometer exhibit distorted water absorption bands that indicate the presence of hydrated minerals. The laboratory spectra of hydrated salt minerals such as magnesium sulfates and sodium carbonates and mixtures of...
Quantitative controls on location and architecture of carbonate depositional sequences: upper miocene, cabo de gata region, se Spain
E. K. Franseen, R.H. Goldstein, M.R. Farr
1998, Journal of Sedimentary Research (68) 283-298
Sequence stratigraphy, pinning-point relative sea-level curves, and magnetostratigraphy provide the quantitative data necessary to understand how rates of sea-level change and different substrate paleoslopes are dominant controls on accumulation rate, carbonate depositional sequence location, and internal architecture. Five third-order (1-10 my) and fourth-order...
Late Quaternary slip on the Santa Cruz Island fault, California
N. Pinter, S.B. Lueddecke, E.A. Keller, K. R. Simmons
1998, Geological Society of America Bulletin (110) 711-722
The style, timing, and pattern of slip on the Santa Cruz Island fault were investigated by trenching the fault and by analysis of offset late Quaternary landforms. A trench excavated across the fault at Christi Beach, on the western coast of the island,...
Loading capacity and chromatographic behavior of a porous graphitic carbon column for polychlorinated biphenyls
K. R. Echols, R.W. Gale, K. Feltz, J. O'Laughlin, D. E. Tillitt, T.R. Schwartz
1998, Journal of Chromatography A (811) 135-144
A porous graphitic carbon column (Hypercarb) was used for the fractionation of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) into classes of 2-4 ortho chlorines, 1 ortho chlorine and 0 ortho chlorine congeners. A method was developed that combined the fractionation of PCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in a variety of biotic environmental samples....
