Lunar ferroan anorthosite petrogenesis: clues from trace element distributions in FAN subgroups
C. Floss, O.B. James, J. J. McGee, G. Crozaz
1998, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (62) 1255-1283
The rare earth elements (REE) and selected other trace elements were measured in plagioclase and pyroxene from nine samples of the lunar ferroan anorthosite (FAN) suite of rocks. Samples were selected from each of four FAN subgroups previously defined by James et al. (1989). Plagioclase compositions are homogeneous within each...
Deducing growth mechanisms for minerals from the shapes of crystal size distributions
D. D. Eberl, V. A. Drits, J. Srodon
1998, American Journal of Science (298) 499-533
Crystal size distributions (CSDs) of natural and synthetic samples are observed to have several distinct and different shapes. We have simulated these CSDs using three simple equations: the Law of Proportionate Effect (LPE), a mass balance equation, and equations for Ostwald ripening. The following crystal growth mechanisms are simulated using...
An electromagnetic geophysical survey of the freshwater lens of Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico
R.T. Richards, J.W. Troester, M.I. Martinez
1998, Journal of Cave and Karst Studies (60) 115-120
An electromagnetic reconnaissance of the freshwater lens of Isla de Mona, Puerto Rico was conducted with both terrain conductivity (TC) and transient electromagnetic (TEM) surface geophysical techniques. These geophysical surveys were limited to the southern and western parts of the island because of problems with access and cultural metallic objects...
Absolute paleointensity from Hawaiian lavas younger than 35 ka
J.-P. Valet, E. Tric, E. Herrero-Bervera, L. Meynadier, J. P. Lockwood
1998, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (161) 19-32
Paleointensity studies have been conducted in air and in argon atmosphere on nine lava flows with radiocarbon ages distributed between 3.3 and 28.2 ka from the Mauna Loa volcano in the big island of Hawaii. Determinations of paleointensity obtained at eight sites depict the same overall pattern as the previous...
Source character of microseismicity in the San Francisco Bay block, California, and implications for seismic hazard
J. A. Olson, M.L. Zoback
1998, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (88) 543-555
We examine relocated seismicity within a 30-km-wide crustal block containing San Francisco Bay and bounded by two major right-lateral strike-slip fault systems, the Hayward and San Andreas faults, to determine seismicity distribution, source character, and possible relationship to proposed faults. Well-located low-level seismicity...
Modeled responses of terrestrial ecosystems to elevated atmospheric CO2: A comparison of simulations by the biogeochemistry models of the Vegetation/Ecosystem Modeling and Analysis Project (VEMAP)
Y. Pan, J. M. Melillo, A. D. McGuire, D. W. Kicklighter, Louis F. Pitelka, K. Hibbard, L.L. Pierce, S. W. Running, D.S. Ojima, W.J. Parton, D. S. Schimel, J. Borchers, R. Neilson, H.H. Fisher, T.G.F. Kittel, N.A. Rossenbloom, S. Fox, A. Haxeltine, I. C. Prentice, S. Sitch, A. Janetos, R. McKeown, R. Nemani, T. Painter, B. Rizzo, T. Smith, F.I. Woodward
1998, Oecologia (114) 389-404
Although there is a great deal of information concerning responses to increases in atmospheric CO2 at the tissue and plant levels, there are substantially fewer studies that have investigated ecosystem-level responses in the context of integrated carbon, water, and nutrient cycles. Because our understanding of ecosystem responses to elevated CO2...
Airborne volcanic plume measurements using a FTIR spectrometer, Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
K.A. McGee, T.M. Gerlach
1998, Geophysical Research Letters (25) 615-618
A prototype closed-path Fourier transform infrared spectrometer system (FTIR), operating from battery power and with a Stirling engine microcooler for detector cooling, was successfully used for airborne measurements of sulfur dioxide at Kilauea volcano. Airborne profiles of the volcanic plume emanating from the erupting Pu′u′O′o vent...
Multiscale seismic imaging of active fault zones for hazard assessment: A case study of the Santa Monica fault zone, Los Angeles, California
T. L. Pratt, J.F. Dolan, J. K. Odum, W. J. Stephenson, R. A. Williams, M.E. Templeton
1998, Geophysics (63) 479-489
High‐resolution seismic reflection profiles at two different scales were acquired across the transpressional Santa Monica Fault of north Los Angeles as part of an integrated hazard assessment of the fault. The seismic data confirm the location of the fault and related shallow...
Two-way coupling between Vesuvius eruptions and southern Apennine earthquakes, Italy, by elastic stress transfer
C. Nostro, R.S. Stein, M. Cocco, M.E. Belardinelli, W. Marzocchi
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 24487-24504
During the past 1000 years, eruptions of Vesuvius have often been accompanied by large earthquakes in the Apennines 50–60 km to the northeast. Statistical investigations had shown that earthquakes often preceded eruptions, typically by less than a decade, but did not provide a physical explanation for the correlation. Here, we...
Numerical analysis of seawater circulation in carbonate platforms: I. Geothermal convection
Ward E. Sanford, F. F. Whitaker, P. L. Smart, G. Jones
1998, American Journal of Science (298) 801-828
Differences in fluid density between cold ocean water and warm ground water can drive the circulation of seawater through carbonate platforms. The circulating water can be the major source of dissolved constituents for diagenetic reactions such as dolomitization. This study was undertaken to investigate the conditions under which such circulation...
An improved technique for modeling initial reservoir hydrocarbon saturation distributions: Applications in Illinois (USA) aux vases oil reservoirs
E. Udegbunam, J.O. Amaefule
1998, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering (21) 143-152
An improved technique for modeling the initial reservoir hydrocarbon saturation distributions is presented. In contrast to the Leverett J-function approach, this methodology (hereby termed flow-unit-derived initial oil saturation or FUSOI) determines the distributions of the initial oil saturations from a measure of the mean hydraulic radius, referred to as the...
Validation of daily increments in otoliths of northern squawfish larvae
R.H. Wertheimer, C.A. Barfoot
1998, California Fish and Game (84) 170-175
Otoliths from laboratory-reared northern squawfish, Ptychocheilus oregonensis, larvae were examined to determine the periodicity of increment deposition. Increment deposition began in both sagittae and lapilli after hatching. Reader counts indicated that increment formation was daily in sagittae of 1-29-day-old larvae. However, increment counts from lapilli were significantly less than the...
Investigation of anion-exchange and immunoaffinity particle-loaded membranes for the isolation of charged organic analytes from water
T. R. Dombrowski, G.S. Wilson, E.M. Thurman
1998, Analytical Chemistry (70) 1969-1978
Anion-exchange and immunoaffinity particle loaded membranes (PLMs) were investigated as a mechanism for the isolation of charged organic analytes from water. Kinetic properties determined theoretically included dynamic capacity, pressure drop (ΔP), residence and diffusion times (Tr, Td), and total membrane porosity (εT). These properties were confirmed through experimental...
Seasonal migration and homing of channel catfish in the lower Wisconsin River, Wisconsin
Thomas D. Pellett, Gene J. Van Dyck, Jean V. Adams
1998, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (18) 85-95
A multiyear tag and recapture study was conducted to determine whether channel catfishIctalurus punctatus were migratory and if they had strong homing tendencies. Over 10,000 channel catfish were tagged from the lower Wisconsin River and adjacent waters of the upper Mississippi River during the 3-year sampling period. Data on movements were...
Early views of the Martian surface from the Mars Orbiter Camera of Mars Global Surveyor
M. C. Malin, M. H. Carr, G. E. Danielson, M. E. Davies, W.K. Hartmann, A.P. Ingersoll, P.B. James, H. Masursky, A. S. McEwen, L.A. Soderblom, P. Thomas, J. Veverka, M.A. Caplinger, M.A. Ravine, T.A. Soulanille, J.L. Warren
1998, Science (279) 1681-1685
High-resolution images of the martian surface at scales of a few meters show ubiquitous erosional and depositional eolian landforms. Dunes, sandsheets, and drifts are prevalent and exhibit a range of morphology, composition (inferred from albedo), and age (as seen in occurrences of different dune orientations at the same location). Steep...
Hydrothermal circulation at the Cleft-Vance overlapping spreading center: Results of a magnetometric resistivity survey
R.L. Evans, S. C. Webb, M. Jegen, K. Sananikone
1998, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (103) 12321-12338
We report on a magnetometric resistivity sounding carried out in the overlapping spreading center between the Cleft and Vance segments of the Juan de Fuca Ridge. The data collected reveal a strong three dimensionality in the crustal electrical resistivity structure on wavelengths of a few kilometers. Areas of reduced crustal...
AIRSLUG: A fortran program for the computation of type curves to estimate transmissivity and storativity from prematurely terminated air-pressurized slug tests
E.A. Greene, A.M. Shapiro
1998, Ground Water (36) 373-375
The Fortran code AIRSLUG can be used to generate the type curves needed to analyze the recovery data from prematurely terminated air-pressurized slug tests. These type curves, when used with a graphical software package, enable the engineer or scientist to analyze field tests to estimate transmissivity and storativity. Prematurely terminating...
Biomass of an island population of florida box turtles (Terrapene carolina bauri)
C.K. Dodd Jr.
1998, Journal of Herpetology (32) 150-152
No abstract available....
Blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) in Lake Ontario: First record, entry route, and colonization potential
Randall W. Owens, Robert O’Gorman, Edward L. Mills, Lars G. Rudstam, John J. Hasse, Brandon H. Kulik, David B. MacNeill
1998, Journal of Great Lakes Research (24) 723-730
Two juvenile blueback herring (Alosa aestivalis) were caught in Lake Ontario in October 1995, the first record of this anadromous marine clupeid in the Great Lakes. Blueback herring most likely gained entry to Lake Ontario via the Erie Barge Canal, a navigation canal that links the Mohawk-Hudson rivers, which drain...
Gas hydrates in the Messoyakha gas field of the West Siberian Basin - A re-examination of the geologic evidence
T. S. Collett, G.D. Ginsburg
1998, International Journal of Offshore and Polar Engineering (8) 22-29
The amount of natural gas within the gas hydrate accumulations of the world is believed to greatly exceed the volume of known conventional natural gas reserves. The hydrocarbon production history of the Russian Messoyakha field, located in the West Siberian Basin, has been used as evidence that gas hydrates are...
Estimates of loss rates of jaw tags on walleyes
Steven P. Newman, Michael H. Hoff
1998, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (18) 202-205
The rate of jaw tag loss was evaluated for walleye Stizostedion vitreum in Escanaba Lake, Wisconsin. We estimated tag loss using two recapture methods, a creel census and fykenetting. Average annual tag loss estimates were 17.5% for fish recaptured by anglers and 27.8% for fish recaptured in fyke nets. However, fyke-net data...
Optical-cell evidence for superheated ice under gas-hydrate-forming conditions
L.A. Stern, D.L. Hogenboom, W.B. Durham, S. H. Kirby, I.-M. Chou
1998, Journal of Physical Chemistry B (102) 2627-2632
We previously reported indirect but compelling evidence that fine-grained H2O ice under elevated CH4 gas pressure can persist to temperatures well above its ordinary melting point while slowly reacting to form methane clathrate hydrate. This phenomenon has now been visually verified by duplicating these experiments in an optical cell while observing...
Reproductive potential and fecundity of lake trout strains in southern and eastern waters of Lake Ontario, 1977-1994
Robert O’Gorman, Joseph H. Elrod, Clifford P. Schneider
1998, Journal of Great Lakes Research (24) 131-144
We assessed the reproductive potential of various genetic strains of hatchery lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) in southern and eastern Lake Ontario from indices of fecundity and indices of male abundance. Indices were constructed from catches of mature lake trout in gill nets during September 1980 to 1994 after correcting for...
Abundance of diurnal raptors on open space grasslands in an urbanized landscape
M. E. Berry, C.E. Bock, S.L. Haire
1998, Condor (100) 601-608
We conducted point counts of diurnal raptors on Boulder, Colorado, grasslands for three winters and summers, and compared results to landscape features of the count areas. Four wintering species were scarce on plots that included significant amounts of urban habitat, with a critical landscape threshold at about 5-7% urbanization: Bald...
Contribution of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products to the total atrazine load in midwestern streams
R.N. Lerch, P.E. Blanchard, E.M. Thurman
1998, Environmental Science & Technology (32) 40-48
The contribution of hydroxylated atrazine degradation products (HADPs) to the total atrazine load (i.e., atrazine plus stable metabolites) in streams needs to be determined in order to fully assess the impact of atrazine contamination on stream ecosystems and human health. The objectives of this study were (1)...
