The forms of trace metals in an Illinois basin coal by x-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy
I.-M. Chou, J.A. Bruinius, J.M. Lytle, R.R. Ruch, Frank E. Huggins, G.P. Huffman, K.K. Ho
1997, ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints (42) 1113-1116
Utilities burning Illinois coals currently do not consider trace elements in their flue gas emissions. After the US EPA completes an investigation on trace elements, however, this may change and flue gas emission standards may be established. The mode of occurrence of a trace element may determine its cleanability and...
Early diagenetic partial oxidation of organic matter and sulfides in the Middle Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian) Excello Shale Member of the Fort Scott Limestone and equivalents, northern Midcontinent region, USA
J. R. Hatch, M.S. Leventhal
1997, Chemical Geology (134) 215-235
A process of early diagenetic partial oxidation of organic matter and sulfides has altered the chemical composition of the Middle Pennsylvanian Excello Shale Member of the Fort Scott Limestone and equivalents in the northern Midcontinent region. This process was identified by comparison of organic carbon contents, Rock-Eval hydrogen indices, organic...
Effects of carbon dioxide variations in the unsaturated zone on water chemistry in a glacial-outwash aquifer
R. W. Lee
1997, Applied Geochemistry (12) 347-366
The research site at Otis Air Base, Cape Cod, Massachusetts, has been developed for hydrogeological and geochemical studies of sewage-effluent contaminated groundwater since 1982. Research of hydrologic properties, transport, and chemical and biological processes is ongoing, but the origin of background water chemistry has not been determined. The principal geochemical...
Recommended nomenclature for zeolite minerals: report of the subcommittee on zeolites of the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on new Minerals and Mineral names
D.S. Coombs, A. Alberti, T. Armbruster, G. Artioli, C. Colella, E. Galli, Joel D. Grice, F. Liebau, J.A. Mandarino, H. Minato, E.H. Nickel, E. Passaglia, D.R. Peacor, S. Quartieri, R. Rinaldi, M. Ross, R.A. Sheppard, E. Tillmanns, G. Vezzalini
1997, Canadian Mineralogist (35) 1571-1606
This report embodies recommendations on zeolite nomenclature approved by the International Mineralogical Association, Commission on New Minerals and Mineral Names. In a working definition of a zeolite mineral used for this review, structures containing an interrupted framework of tetrahedra are accepted where other zeolitic properties prevail, and complete substitution by...
Reforestation of bottomland hardwoods and the issue of woody species diversity
J. A. Allen
1997, Restoration Ecology (5) 125-134
Bottomland hardwood forests in the southcentral United States have been cleared extensively for agriculture, and many of the remaining forests are fragmented and degraded. During the last decade, however, approximately 75,000 ha of land-mainly agricultural fields-have been replanted or contracted for replanting, with many more acres likely to be reforested...
The ammonia-water system and the chemical differentiation of icy satellites
D.L. Hogenboom, J.S. Kargel, G.J. Consolmagno, T.C. Holden, L. Lee, M. Buyyounouski
1997, Icarus (128) 171-180
We report the discovery of the first high-pressure polymorphs of ammonia hydrates: ammonia monohydrate II and ammonia dihydrate II. The subsolidus transitions and melting curves of these substances are shown by their volume-temperature functions; uncalibrated calorimetry corroborates these phase changes. From 20 to 300 MPa ammonia dihydrate and ice melt...
Modelling root reinforcement in shallow forest soils
Arne E. Skaugset
1997, Thesis
A hypothesis used to explain the relationship between timber harvesting and landslides is that tree roots add mechanical support to soil, thus increasing soil strength. Upon harvest, the tree roots decay which reduces soil strength and increases the risk of management -induced landslides. The technical literature does not adequately support...
Nitrogen metabolism of sheep and goats consuming Acacia brevispica and Sesbania sesban
A. Woodward, J.D. Reed
1997, Journal of Animal Science (75) 1130-1139
We described the effects of two East African browses, Acacia brevispica and Sesbania sesban, on nitrogen metabolism of sheep and goats. The A. brevispica had a substantial amount of proanthocyanidins (condensed tannins); S. sesban did not. The browses were fed at three levels in combination with vetch (Vicia dasycarpa) and...
A research problem analysis in support of the Cooperative Forest Ecosystem Research (CFER) Program
Jeff P. Smith, Robert E. Gresswell, John P. Hayes
1997, Report
No abstract available....
Effects of drought and prolonged winter on Townsend's ground squirrel demography in shrubsteppe habitats
Beatrice Van Horne, Gail S. Olson, Robert L. Schooley, Janelle G. Corn, Kenneth P. Burnham
1997, Ecological Monographs (67) 295-315
During a mark–recapture study of Townsend's ground squirrels (Spermophilus townsendii) on 20 sites in the Snake River Birds of Prey National Conservation Area, Idaho, in 1991 through 1994, 4407 animals were marked in 17639 capture events. This study of differences in population dynamics of Townsend's ground squirrels among habitats spanned...
Estimating millet production for famine early warning: An application of crop simulation modelling using satellite and ground-based data in Burkina Faso
P. K. Thornton, W. T. Bowen, A. C. Ravelo, P. W. Wilkens, G. Farmer, J. Brock, J. E. Brink
1997, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology (83) 95-112
Early warning of impending poor crop harvests in highly variable environments can allow policy makers the time they need to take appropriate action to ameliorate the effects of regional food shortages on vulnerable rural and urban populations. Crop production estimates for the current season can be obtained using crop simulation...
Sea Otter Enhydra lutris
James L. Bodkin, Brenda E. Ballachey
1997, Report
The sea otter, Enhydra lutris, is the largest member of the Mustelidae family and is the only one which lives entirely in marine waters. Sea otters are unique among marine mammals because, unlike whales, dolphins and seals, they do not have a layer of fat or blubber to keep them...
Tritium/3He dating of river infiltration: An example from the Danube in the Szigetköz area, Hungary
M. Stute, J. Deak, K. Révész, J. K. Böhlke, E. Deseo, R. Weppernig, P. Schlosser
1997, Groundwater (35) 905-911
3H, He, 4He, and Ne data were obtained from a shallow ground-water system being recharged by bank infiltration from the Danube River in northwestern Hungary. After correting for excess air, 4He and Ne concentrations reflect a recharge temperature of about 9° C., close to the mean annual temperature of the Danube (10.4°...
Climate change and the detection of trends in annual runoff
G. J. McCabe Jr., D.M. Wolock
1997, Climate Research (8) 129-134
This study examines the statistical likelihood of detecting a trend in annual runoff given an assumed change in mean annual runoff, the underlying year-to-year variability in runoff, and serial correlation of annual runoff. Means, standard deviations, and lag-1 serial correlations of annual runoff were computed for 585 stream gages in...
The highest global concentrations and increased abundance of oceanic plastic debris in the North Pacific: Evidence from seabirds
Martin D. Robards, Patrick J. Gould
James M. Coe, Donald B. Rogers, editor(s)
1997, Book chapter, Marine debris: Sources, impacts, and solutions
Plastic pollution has risen dramatically with an increase in production of plastic resin during the past few decades. Plastic production in the United States increased from 2.9 million tons in I960 to 47.9 million tons in 1985 (Society of the Plastics Industry 1986). This has been paralleled by a significant...
The origin of the 1.73-1.70 Ga anorogenic Ulkan volcano-plutonic complex, Siberian platform, Russia: inferences from geochronological, geochemical and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic data
A.M. Larin, Yu. V. Amelin, L.A. Neymark, R. Sh Krymsky
1997, Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias (69) 295-312
The Ulkan volcano-plutonic complex, a part of a 750 km Bilyakchian-Ulkan anorogenic belt, is located in the eastern part of the Archean-Paleoproterozoic Aldan shield. The tectonic position and geochemistry indicate that the Ulkan Complex is a typical A-type or intraplate magmatic association. The felsic volcanics of the Uian Group and...
Variability of site response in the Los Angeles urban area
S. Hartzell, E. Cranswick, A. Frankel, D. Carver, M. Meremonte
1997, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (87) 1377-1400
This article addresses the variability of site response in the Los Angeles area and possible structural causes for the observations. Aftershock records from 231 sites in the San Fernando and Los Angeles basins and the surrounding mountains are used in this study. Spectral ratios, taken with respect to a low-amplitude...
Relative costs of prebasic and prealternate molts for male blue-winged teal
W.L. Hohman, S.W. Manley, D. Richard
1997, Condor (99) 543-548
We compared masses of definitive basic and alternate plumages of male Blue-winged Teal (Anas discors) to evaluate the hypothesis that nutritional investments in basic and alternate plumages are related to the duration that plumages are worn and to assess the relative costs of prebasic and prealternate molts. Because these plumages...
Use of remote-sensing techniques to survey the physical habitat of large rivers
Thomas A. Edsall, Thomas E. Behrendt, Gary Cholwek, Jeffery W. Frey, Gregory W. Kennedy, Stephen B. Smith
Thomas A. Edsall, Thomas E. Behrendt, Gary Cholwek, Jeffrey W. Frey, Gregory W. Kennedy, Stephen B. Smith, editor(s)
1997, Report
Remote-sensing techniques that can be used to quantitatively characterize the physical habitat in large rivers in the United States where traditional survey approaches typically used in small- and medium-sized streams and rivers would be ineffective or impossible to apply. The state-of-the-art remote-sensing technologies that we discuss here include side-scan...
Magmatic processes that generated the rhyolite of Glass Mountain, Medicine Lake volcano, N. California
Timothy L. Grove, Julie Donnelly-Nolan, T. Housh
1997, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (127) 205-223
Glass Mountain consists of a 1 km3, compositionally zoned rhyolite to dacite glass flow containing magmatic inclusions and xenoliths of underlying shallow crust. Mixing of magmas produced by fractional crystallization of andesite and crustal melting generated the rhyolite of Glass Mountain. Melting experiments were carried out on basaltic andesite and andesite...
Determination of lead, cadmium, indium, thallium and silver in ancient ices from Antarctica by isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry
A. Matsumoto, Todd K. Hinkley
1997, Geochemical Journal (31) 175-181
The concentrations of five chalcophile elements (Pb, Cd, In, Tl and Ag) and the lead isotope ratios in ancient ices from the Taylor Dome near coastal Antarctica, have been determined by the isotope dilution-thermal ionization mass spectrometry (ID-TIMS), with ultra-clean laboratory techniques. The samples were selected from segments of cores,...
Permian evaporites in the Permian basin of southwestern United States
K.S. Johnson
1997, Prace - Panstwowego Instytutu Geologicznego 95-96
During Permian time, a broad and shallow inland sea covered much of southwestern United States, extending northward from west Texas into northwestern Kansas. Slow but continual subsidence beneath all parts of this vast Permian basin caused deposition of a thick sequence of Permian red beds and evaporites, including dolomite, gypsum/anhydrite,...
Sulfate-water isotope geothermometry and lead isotope data for the regional geothermal system in the Twin Falls area, south-central Idaho
Robert H. Mariner, H.W. Young, T.D. Bullen, C. J. Janik
Anon, editor(s)
1997, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Sulfate-water isotope geothermometry for the geothermal system at Twin Falls, Idaho indicates aquifer-temperatures of 90?? to 106 ??C; most sites are between 90?? and 93 ??C. 206Pb/204pb and 280Pb/204Pb of individual thermal waters are principally a function of how much lead has been dissolved from the carbonate and silicate fractions...
Imperiled mammalian fauna of aquatic ecosystems in the Southeast: A historical perspective
M. J. Harvey, J. D. Clark
G.W. Benz, D.E. Collins, editor(s)
1997, Book chapter, Aquatic fauna in peril: The southeastern perspective (Southeast Aquatic Research Institute special publication, 1)
About 100 species of mammals are endemic to the southeastern United States, an area of diverse habitat types and high biodiversity. Many of these species are either formally considered aquatic or semi-aquatic, or they are otherwise closely associated with aquatic ecosystems. In the southeastern United States, greater than 80 percent...
Tracing hydrologic pathways at the Panola Mountain research watershed, Georgia, USA
N.E. Peters, E.B. Ratcliffe
1997, Hydrochemistry. Proc. international symposium, Rabat, Morocco, 1997 (244) 275-289
An analysis of Cl- concentrations and fluxes at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed indicates that Cl- may be effectively used to differentiate 'new' and 'old' water flow through the hillslope and their respective contributions to streamwater. Rainfall and throughfall, the 'new' water inputs, are marked by low Cl- concentrations (15...
