Sediment inflow to the delta from the Sacramento and San Joaquin Rivers
R.N. Oltmann
1996, Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter (9) 22-23
USGS routinely measures the daily suspended sediment load entering the delta with the flows of the Sacramento and San Joaquin rivers. Most of the suspended sediment that flows into the delta is carried by these two rivers, but it also enters from Yolo Bypass; the Mokelumne, Calaveras, and Cosumnes rivers;...
The contribution of wetlands to stream nitrogen load in the Loch Vale Watershed, Colorado, USA
Huang Jian-hui, Jill Baron, Dan Binkley
1996, Chinese Journal of Plant Ecology (20) 289-302
We explored the difference between the concentrations of different N forms and other chemical properties between stream water and riparian zone wetland soil water in the Loch Vale Watershed which is located on the eastern slope of the Continental Divide in Rocky Mountain National Park, Colorado, USA. The nitrate N...
River salinity variations in response to discharge: Examples from Western United States during early 1900s
D. H. Peterson, M. D. Dettinger, D.R. Cayan, J. DiLeo, C. Isaacs, L. Riddle, R. Smith
1996, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the twelfth Annual Pacific Climate (PACLIM) Workshop, Technical Report 46
Major controls on river salinity (total dissolved solids) in the western United States are climate, geology, and human activity. Climate, in general, influences soil-river salinity via salt-balance variations. When climate becomes wetter, river discharge increases and soil-river salinity descreases; when climate becomes drier river discharge decreases and soil-river salinity increases....
Metabolic responses to hypoxia of Lycenchelys verrillii (wolf eelpout) and Glyptocephalus cynoglossus (witch flounder): Sedentary bottom fishes of the Hatteras/Virginia middle slope
M.L. Moser, Steve W. Ross, K. J. Sulak
1996, Marine Ecology Progress Series (144) 57-61
We collected wolf eelpouts Lycenchelys verrillii and witch flounder Glyptocephalus cynoglossus from Hatteras (North Carolina, USA) and Virginia (USA) Middle Slope sites using a submersible, and made shipboard measurements of their respiration rates and survival in hypoxic (<10% O2 saturation) and anoxic conditions. Both species from the Hatteras site reduced...
Effects of acid mine effluent on sediment and water geochemistry, Ruttan Cu-Zn mine
W.W. Shilts
1996, Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Canada 77-103
Waters were collected from the surface and bottom of four lakes as well as from the Churchill River and approximately 20 small ponds beside the Leaf Rapids-Ruttan mine-South Indian Lake road to determine geochemical variations related to tailings and waste rock disposal from the Ruttan Cu-Zn VHMS deposit. Using sonar...
Bacteriological quality of ground water used for household supply, Lower Susquehanna River basin, Pennsylvania and Maryland
Tammy M. Bickford, Bruce D. Lindsey, M.R. Beaver
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4212
This report describes the bacteriological results of a ground-water study conducted from 1993 to 1995 as part of the U.S. Geological Survey's National Water-Quality Assessment Program in the Lower Susquehanna River Basin study unit. Water samples collected from 146 household supply wells were analyzed for fecal-indicator organisms including total coliform,...
Frequency analyses for recent regional floods in the United States
Nick B. Melcher, Patsy G. Martinez
Housner G.W.Chung R.M., editor(s)
1996, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction
During 1993-95, significant floods that resulted in record-high river stages, loss of life, and significant property damage occurred in the United States. The floods were caused by unique global weather patterns that produced large amounts of rain over large areas. Standard methods for flood-frequency analyses may not adequately consider the...
Relation of landscape position and irrigation to concentrations of alachlor, atrazine, and selected degradates in regolith in northeastern Nebraska
Ingrid M. Verstraeten, D. T. Lewis, D. L. McCallister, A. Parkhurst, E.M. Thurman
1996, ACS Symposium Series (630) 178-197
Concentrations of alachlor, its ethanesulfonic acid degradate, atrazine and its degradates, deethylatrazine and deisopropylatrazine, in the upper regolith and associated shallow aquifers were determined in relation to landscape position (floodplains, terraces, and uplands) and irrigation (nonirrigated and irrigated corn cropland) in 1992. Irrigated and nonirrigated sites were located on each...
Sediment distribution on a storm-dominated insular shelf, Luquillo, Puerto Rico, U.S.A.
W. C. Schwab, R. W. Rodriguez, W.W. Danforth, M. H. Gowen
1996, Journal of Coastal Research (12) 147-159
A sea-floor mapping investigation designed to assess the sediment distribution, the movement of the nearshore sand supply, and the fate of sediment eroded from the shoreline was conducted using high-resolution sidescan-sonar, seismic reflection, and sediment sampling techniques on the northern insular shelf of Puerto Rico, off the town of Luquillo....
Applications of sequence stratigraphy to Pennsylvanian strata in the Illinois Basin
C.P. Weibel
Witzke B.J., editor(s)
1996, Paleozoic sequence stratigraphy: views from the North American craton 331-339
Sequence stratigraphy concepts have been applied previously to the interpretation of Pennsylvanian strata in the Illinois Basin with the use of the 'cycle' by J.A. Udden in 1912 and the cyclothem by H. Wanless and J. Weller in 1932. The unconformity-bounded cyclothem was recognized in Pennsylvanian strata throughout the basin...
Toward A.D. 2000 in the IDNDR
Walter W. Hays
Housner G.W.Chung R.M., editor(s)
1996, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Conference on Natural Disaster Reduction
This paper reviews the progress in the International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction (IDNDR) with a principal focus on changes in public policies and programs for natural disaster reduction in the United States, especially with respect to earthquakes....
Simulation of spring discharge from a limestone aquifer in Iowa, USA
Y.-K. Zhang, E.-W. Bai, R. Libra, R. Rowden, H. Liu
1996, Hydrogeology Journal (4) 41-54
A lumped-parameter model and least-squares method were used to simulate temporal variations of discharge from Big Spring, Iowa, USA, from 1983 to 1994. The simulated discharge rates poorly match the observed one when precipitation is taken as the sole input. The match is improved significantly when...
Ground-water levels in an alluvial plain between the Tanana and Chena Rivers near Fairbanks, Alaska 1986-93
R. L. Glass, M. R. Lilly, D. F. Meyer
1996, Water-Resources Investigations Report 96-4060
The aquifer of an alluvial plain between the Tanana and Chena Rivers near Fairbanks, Alaska, generally consists of highly transmissive sands and gravels under water-table conditions. During 1986-88, the U.S. Geological Survey studied the distribution of ground-water levels in the alluvial plain between Moose Creek Dam and the confluence of...
Early miocene bimodal volcanism, Northern Wilson Creek Range, Lincoln County, Nevada
J.B. Willis, G.C. Willis
1996, Brigham Young University Geology Studies (41) 155-167
Early Miocene volcanism in the northern Wilson Creek Range, Lincoln County, Nevada, produced an interfingered sequence of high-silica rhyolite (greater than 74% SiO2) ash-flow tuffs, lava flows and dikes, and mafic lava flows. Three new potassium-argon ages range from 23.9 ?? 1.0 Ma to 22.6 ?? 1.2 Ma. The rocks...
Organochlorine compounds in bed sediment and fish tissue in the South Platte River Basin, USA, 1992-1993
C. M. Tate, J. S. Heiny
1996, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (30) 62-78
Bed-sediment and fish-tissue samples were collected in the South Platte River Basin to determine the occurrence and distribution of organochlorine compounds in the basin. During August–November 1992 and August 1993, bed sediment (23 sites) and fish tissue (subset of 19 sites) were sampled and analyzed for 32 organochlorine compounds in...
Using hydrogeochemical methods to evaluate complex quaternary subsurface stratigraphy Block Island, Rhode Island, USA
A.I. Veeger, B. D. Stone
1996, Hydrogeology Journal (4) 69-82
One of the major problems in hydrogeologic investigations of glaciated regions is the determination of complex stratigraphic relationships in the subsurface where insufficient information is available from drilling and geophysical records. In this paper, chemical characteristics of groundwater were used to identify stratigraphic changes in glacial deposits that were previously...
Valuable products from utility fly ash
J.A. DeBarr, D.M. Rapp, M. Rostam-Abadi, M.J. Rood
1996, ACS Division of Fuel Chemistry, Preprints (41) 604-606
[No abstract available]...
Relationship between the present-day stress field and plate boundary forces in the Pacific Northwest
Eric L. Geist
1996, Geophysical Research Letters (23) 3381-3384
The relationship between plate boundary forces and the observed stress field in the Pacific Northwest is established using numerical models of continental deformation. Because the orientation of the greatest horizontal principal stress throughout the Pacific Northwest differs considerably from the direction of convergence between the Juan de Fuca and North...
Silt heavy-mineral distributions off the Southeastern United States
L. J. Poppe, J.A. Commeau
1996, Geo-Marine Letters (16) 115-122
Until recently heavy-mineral studies of marine sediments were largely restricted to sand fractions. New techniques permitting analysis of decalcified silt fractions have been applied to sediments off the southeastern United States. Our data, which confirm predictions from the basic relationship among grain size, specific gravity, and equivalent hydraulic transport behavior,...
Region of influence regression for estimating the 50-year flood at ungaged sites
Gary D. Tasker, S.A. Hodge, C. S. Barks
1996, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (32) 163-170
Five methods of developing regional regression models to estimate flood characteristics at ungaged sites in Arkansas are examined. The methods differ in the manner in which the State is divided into subregions. Each successive method (A to E) is computationally more complex than the previous...
Source and tectonic implications of tonalite-trondhjemite magmatism in the Klamath Mountains
C. G. Barnes, S. W. Petersen, R. W. Kistler, R. Murray, M. A. Kays
1996, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (123) 40-60
In the Klamath Mountains, voluminous tonalite-trondhjemite magmatism was characteristic of a short period of time from about 144 to 136 Ma (Early Cretaceous). It occurred about 5 to 10 m.y. after the ∼165 to 159 Ma Josephine ophiolite was thrust beneath older parts of the province during the Nevadan orogeny (thrusting from ∼155...
The use of streambed temperature profiles to estimate the depth, duration, and rate of percolation beneath arroyos
James Constantz, Carole L. Thomas
1996, Water Resources Research (32) 3597-3602
Temporal variations in a streambed temperature profile between 30 and 300 cm beneath Tijeras Arroyo, New Mexico, were analyzed at 30-min intervals for 1990 to estimate the depth, duration, and rate of percolation during streamflows. The depth of percolation was clearly documented by the rapid response of the streambed temperature...
Application of reflectance micro-Fourier Transform infrared analysis to the study of coal macerals: An example from the Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous coals of the Mist Mountain Formation, British Columbia, Canada
Maria Mastalerz, R.M. Bustin
1996, International Journal of Coal Geology (32) 55-67
The applicability of the reflectance micro-Fourier Transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR) technique for analyzing the distribution of functional groups in coal macerals is discussed. High quality of spectra, comparable to those obtained using other FTIR techniques (KBr pellet and transmission micro-FTIR), indicate this technique can be applied to characterizing functional groups...
A tale of 10 plutons - Revisited: Age of granitic rocks in the White Mountains, California and Nevada
E.H. McKee, J. E. Conrad
1996, Geological Society of America Bulletin (108) 1515-1527
40Ar/39Ar incremental heating analysis and conventional K-Ar age determinations on plutonic rocks of the White Mountains define two stages of magmatic emplacement: Late Cretaceous, between ca. 90 Ma and 75 Ma, and Middle-Late Jurassic, between ca. 180 and 140 Ma. The Jurassic stage can be divided into two substages, 180-165...
Detection and monitoring of H2O and CO2 ice clouds on Mars
J.F. Bell III, W. M. Calvin, M. E. Ockert-Bell, D. Crisp, James B. Pollack, J. Spencer
1996, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (101) 9227-9237
We have developed an observational scheme for the detection and discrimination of Mars atmospheric H2O and CO2 clouds using ground-based instruments in the near infrared. We report the results of our cloud detection and characterization study using Mars near IR images obtained during the 1990 and 1993 oppositions. We focused on...
