Suitability of parametric models to describe the hydraulic properties of an unsaturated coarse sand and gravel
Andy Mace, David L. Rudolph, R. Gary Kachanoski
1998, Groundwater (36) 465-475
The performance of parametric models used to describe soil water retention (SWR) properties and predict unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K) as a function of volumetric water content (θ) is examined using SWR and K(θ) data for coarse sand and gravel sediments. Six 70 cm long, 10 cm diameter cores of glacial...
Feldspars as a source of nutrients for microorganisms
J.R. Rogers, P.C. Bennett, W.J. Choi
1998, American Mineralogist (83) 1532-1540
Phosphorus and nitrogen are essential macronutrients necessary for the survival of virtually all living organisms. In groundwater systems, these nutrients can be quite scarce and can represent limiting elements for growth of subsurface microorganisms. In this study we examined silicate sources of these elements by characterizing the colonization and weathering...
Tidal creek changes at the Sonoma Baylands restoration site
John R. Dingler, David A. Cacchione
Magoon O.T.Converse H.Baird B.Miller-Henson M., editor(s)
1998, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Conference on California and the World Ocean
Over the past 150 years, human activity has had a major impact on tidal wetlands adjoining the San Francisco Bay-Delta estuary Growing concern about the effect of this change on the ecology of the estuary has prompted Bay area managers to attempt to reclaim tidal wetlands. The Sonoma Baylands Restoration...
Flow and suspended particulate transport in a tidal bottom layer, south San Francisco Bay, California
R. T. Cheng, J. W. Gartner, D.A. Cacchione, G. B. Tate
1998, Conference Paper, Physics of estuaries and coastal seas: Proceedings of the 8th International Biennial Conference on Physics of Estuaries and Coastal Seas
Field investigations of the hydrodynamics and the resuspension and transport of particulate matter in a bottom boundary layer were carried out in South San Francisco Bay, California during March-April 1995. The GEOPROBE, an instrumented bottom tripod, and broad-band acousti Doppler current profilers were used in this investigation. The instrument assemblage...
Biodegradation of crude oil into nonvolatile organic acids in a contaminated aquifer near Bemidji, Minnesota
K. A. Thorn, G. R. Aiken
1998, Organic Geochemistry (29) 909-931
As the result of a pipeline burst, a body of light aliphatic crude oil floats atop the groundwater in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer in a remote area outside Bemidji, Minnesota. Biodegradation has resulted in the formation of a plume of DOC downgradient from the oil body. Groundwater has...
Satellite telemetry: A new tool for wildlife research and management
Steven G. Fancy, Larry F. Pank, David C. Douglas, Catherine H. Curby, Gerald W. Garner, Steven C. Amstrup, Wayne L. Regelin
1998, Resource Publication 172
The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the Alaska Department of Fish and Game have cooperated since 1984 to develop and evaluate satellite telemetry as a means of overcoming the high costs and logistical problems of conventional VHF (very high frequency) radiotelemetry systems. Detailed locational and behavioral data on caribou...
Effects of delta outflow and local stream flow on salinity in south San Francisco Bay: 1995-1998
Laurence E. Schemel
1998, Interagency Ecological Program Newsletter (4) 32-33
No abstract available....
Water-level changes in Lake Baikal, Siberia: Tectonism versus climate
Steven M. Colman
1998, Geology (26) 531-534
Relative changes in the level of Lake Baikal, amounting to hundreds of meters in Quaternary time, are well documented. Data presented here show that tectonic displacements of the lake outlet or former shoreline features are entirely sufficient to explain these relative lake-level changes....
Tritium-helium 3 dating under complex conditions in hydraulically stressed areas of a buried-valley aquifer
Stephanie Dunkle Shapiro, Gary L. Rowe, Peter Schlosser, Andrea Ludin, Martin Stute
1998, Water Resources Research (34) 1165-1180
The 3H-3He dating method is applied in a buried-valley aquifer near Dayton, Ohio. The study area is large, not all sampling locations lie along well-defined flow paths, and existing wells with variable screen lengths and diameters are used. Reliable use of the method at this site requires addressing several complications: (1)...
Riparian control of stream-water chemistry: Implications for hydrochemical basin models
R. P. Hooper, Brent T. Aulenbach, Douglas A. Burns, J. McDonnell, J. Freer, C. Kendall, K. Beven
1998, IAHS-AISH Publication (248) 451-458
End-member mixing analysis has been used to determine the hydrological structure for basin hydrochemical models at several catchments. Implicit in this use is the assumption that controlling end members have been identified, and that these end members represent distinct landscape locations. At the Panola Mountain Research Watershed, the choice of...
The environmental occurrence of herbicides: The importance of degradates in ground water
D.W. Kolpin, E.M. Thurman, S. M. Linhart
1998, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (35) 385-390
Numerous studies are being conducted to investigate the occurrence, fate, and effects on human health and the environment from the extensive worldwide use of herbicides to control weeds. Few studies, however, are considering the degradates of these herbicides in their investigations. Our study of herbicides in aquifers across Iowa found...
Field study and simulation of diurnal temperature effects on infiltration and variably saturated flow beneath an ephemeral stream
Anne Dudek Ronan, David E. Prudic, Carl E. Thodal, Jim Constantz
1998, Water Resources Research (34) 2137-2153
Two experiments were performed to investigate flow beneath an ephemeral stream and to estimate streambed infiltration rates. Discharge and stream-area measurements were used to determine infiltration rates. Stream and subsurface temperatures were used to interpret subsurface flow through variably saturated sediments beneath the stream. Spatial variations in subsurface temperatures suggest...
Modeling tidal hydrodynamics of San Diego Bay, California
P.-F. Wang, R. T. Cheng, K. Richter, E.S. Gross, D. Sutton, J. W. Gartner
1998, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (34) 1123-1140
In 1983, current data were collected by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration using mechanical current meters. During 1992 through 1996, acoustic Doppler current profilers as well as mechanical current meters and tide gauges were used. These measurements not only document tides and tidal currents in San Diego Bay, but...
Uptake and loss kinetics of Cd, Cr and Zn in the bivalves Potamocorbula amurensis and Macoma balthica: Effects of size and salinity
B.-G. Lee, W.G. Wallace, S. N. Luoma
1998, Marine Ecology Progress Series (175) 177-189
...
Regression models of herbicide concentrations in outflow from reservoirs in the midwestern USA, 1992-1993
W.A. Battaglin, D. A. Goolsby
1998, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (34) 1369-1390
Reservoirs are used to store water for public water supply, flood control, irrigation, recreation, hydropower, and wildlife habitat, but also often store undesirable substances such as herbicides. The outflow from 76 reservoirs in the midwestern USA, was sampled four times in 1992 and four times in 1993. At least one...
Field and laboratory evidence for intrinsic biodegradation of vinyl chloride contamination in a Fe(III)-reducing aquifer
P. M. Bradley, F. H. Chapelle, J.T. Wilson
1998, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (31) 111-127
Intrinsic bioremediation of chlorinated ethenes in anaerobic aquifers previously has not been considered feasible, due, in large part, to 1) the production of vinyl chloride during microbial reductive dechlorination of higher chlorinated contaminants and 2) the apparent poor biodegradability of vinyl chloride under anaerobic conditions. In this study, a combination...
Salinity trends in surface waters of the Upper Colorado River Basin, Colorado
N.J. Bauch, N.E. Spahr
1998, Journal of Environmental Quality (27) 640-655
Dissolved-solids data collected in the Upper Colorado River Basin upstream from Cameo, Colorado, and in the Gunnison River Basin were analyzed for trends in flow-adjusted dissolved-solids concentrations and loads for water years 1970 to 1993, 1980 to 1993, and 1986 to 1993. Trend results for flow-adjusted...
Microbial mineralization of VC and DCE under different terminal electron accepting conditions
P. M. Bradley, F. H. Chapelle
1998, Anaerobe (4) 81-87
Production of 14CO2 from [1,2-14C] dichloroethene (DCE) or [1,2-14C] vinyl chloride (VC) was quantified in aquifer and stream-bed sediment microcosms to evaluate the potential for microbial mineralization as a pathway for DCE and VC biodegradation under aerobic, Fe(III)-reducing, SO4-reducing, and methanogenic conditions. Mineralization of [1,2-14C] DCE and [1,2-14C] VC to...
Infiltration and hydraulic connections from the Niagara River to a fractured-dolomite aquifer in Niagara Falls, New York
R. M. Yager, W. M. Kappel
1998, Journal of Hydrology (206) 84-97
The spatial distribution of hydrogen and oxygen stable-isotope values in groundwater can be used to distinguish different sources of recharge and to trace groundwater flow directions from recharge boundaries. This method can be particularly useful in fractured-rock settings where multiple lines of evidence are required to delineate preferential flow paths...
Black Mats, Spring-Fed Streams, and Late-Glacial-Age Recharge in the Southern Great Basin
Jay Quade, R. M. Forester, W.L. Pratt, C. Carter
1998, Quaternary Research (49) 129-148
Black mats are prominent features of the late Pleistocene and Holocene stratigraphic record in the southern Great Basin. Faunal, geochemical, and sedimentological evidence shows that the black mats formed in several microenvironments related to spring discharge, ranging from wet meadows to shallow ponds. Small land snails such as Gastrocopta tappaniana...
Degradation of chloroacetanilide herbicides: The prevalence of sulfonic and oxanilic acid metabolites in Iowa groundwaters and surface waters
Stephen J. Kalkhoff, Dana W. Kolpin, E.M. Thurman, I. Ferrer, D. Barcelo
1998, Environmental Science & Technology (32) 1738-1740
Water samples were collected from 88 municipal wells throughout Iowa during the summer and were collected monthly at 12 stream sites in eastern Iowa from March to December 1996 to study the occurrence of the sulfonic and oxanilic metabolites of acetochlor, alachlor, and metolachlor. The sulfonic and oxanilic metabolites were...
Development and testing of a contamination potential mapping system for a portion of the General Separations Area, Savannah River Site, South Carolina
J.M. Rine, R. C. Berg, J.M. Shafer, E.R. Covington, J.K. Reed, C.B. Bennett, J.E. Trudnak
1998, Environmental Geology (35) 263-277
A methodology was developed to evaluate and map the contamination potential or aquifer sensitivity of the upper groundwater flow system of a portion of the General Separations Area (GSA) at the Department of Energy's Savannah River Site (SRS) in South Carolina. A Geographic Information System (GIS) was used to integrate...
Isotopic composition of ice cores and meltwater from upper fremont glacier and Galena Creek rock glacier, Wyoming
L. DeWayne Cecil, J.R. Green, S. Vogt, R. Michel, G. Cottrell
1998, Geografiska Annaler, Series A: Physical Geography (80) 287-292
Meltwater runoff from glaciers can result from various sources, including recent precipitation and melted glacial ice. Determining the origin of the meltwater from glaciers through isotopic analysis can provide information about such things as the character and distribution of ablation on glaciers.A 9.4 m ice core and meltwater were collected...
Effect of enhanced manganese oxidation in the hyporheic zone on basin-scale geochemical mass balance
Judson W. Harvey, Christopher C. Fuller
1998, Water Resources Research (34) 623-636
We determined the role of the hyporheic zone (the subsurface zone where stream water and shallow groundwater mix) in enhancing microbially mediated oxidation of dissolved manganese (to form manganese precipitates) in a drainage basin contaminated by copper mining. The fate of manganese is of overall importance to water quality in...
Bacillus arsenicoselenatis, sp. nov., and Bacillus selenitireducens, sp. nov.: Two haloalkaliphiles from Mono Lake, California that respire oxyanions of selenium and arsenic
Blum J. Switzer, Bindi A. Burns, J. Buzzelli, J.F. Stolz, R.S. Oremland
1998, Archives of Microbiology (171) 19-30
Two gram-positive anaerobic bacteria (strains E1H and MLS10) were isolated from the anoxic muds of Mono Lake, California, an alkaline, hypersaline, arsenic-rich water body. Both grew by dissimilatory reduction of As(V) to As(III) with the concomitant oxidation of lactate to acetate plus CO2. Bacillus arsenicoselenatis (strain E1H) is a spore-forming...
