Giant glacial grooves at the north end of the Mission Range, Northwest Montana
I. J. Witkind
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 425-433
Giant glacial grooves both cut across and wrap around the north end of the Mission Range. Some of these grooves are straight, others crescentic, but all appear to be independent of stratigraphic units and of the gross structure of the range. They were seemingly localized by preexisting stream valleys whose...
Lithium, a preliminary survey of its mineral occurrence in flint clay and related rock types in the United States
Harry A. Tourtelot, Elizabeth F. Brenner-Tourtelot
1978, Energy (3) 263-272
Maximum concentrations of lithium found in samples of flint clay and associated rocks of Pennsylvanian age in different States, in parts per million (ppm), are: Missouri, 5100; Pennsylvania-Maryland, 2100; Kentucky, 890; Ohio, 660; Alabama, 750; and Illinois, 160. Lithium-bearing kaolin deposits are distributed in the Coastal Plain province from...
Structural control of the Cumberland River and its ancestral channels at Flat Lick, Kentucky
Wayne L. Newell, Dudley D. Rice
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 359-367
Remnants of old alluvium on bedrock benches, as much as 76 in (250 ft) above the present course of the Cumberland River near Flat Lick, Ky., are associated with meander scars and broad valleys now occupied by underflt streams. The distribution of old alluvium and associated topographic features define two...
Trenches across the 1906 trace of the San Andreas Fault in northern San Mateo County, California
M. G. Bonilla, J. N. Alt, L. D. Hodgen
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 347-358
Two trenches were excavated across the 1906 trace of the San Andreas fault near fences that were displaced by the 1906 faulting. About 18 displacements equal to the 1906 displacement would account for the offset of a stream adjacent to one of the trenches. Review of divergent reports on the...
Aleuts, sea otters, and alternate stable state communities
C.A. Simenstad, J. A. Estes, K.W. Kenyon
1978, Science (200) 403-411
Reexamination of stratified faunal components of a prehistoric Aleut midden excavated on Amchitka Island, Alaska, indicates that Aleut prey items changed dramatically during 2500 years of aboriginal occupation. Recent ecological studies in the Aleutian Islands have shown the concurrent existence of two alternate stable nearshore communities, one dominated by macroalgae,...
Factors contributing to the formation of ferromanganese nodules in Oneida Lake, New York
Walter E. Dean, Swapan Ghosh
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 231-240
Oneida Lake is a large, shallow, eutrophic lake situated in the Ontario lowlands of central New York State. It contains the most concentrated deposit of freshwater ferromanganese nodules (in terms of amount per unit area) yet reported in the literature. The mineralogy and bulk chemistry of these saucer-shaped nodules...
Hydraulic characteristics of the White River streambed and glacial-outwash deposits at a site near Indianapolis, Indiana
William Meyer
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 273-283
An aquifer test was made in the glacial-outwash aquifer along the course of the White River in Marion County, Ind., to establish the hydraulic characteristics of this unit and the hydraulic conductivity of the White River streambed at a site 11 kilometers south of the center of downtown Indianapolis. In...
Episodes of Aleutian Ridge explosive volcanism
J.R. Hein, D.W. Scholl, J. Miller
1978, Science (199) 137-141
Earlier workers have overlooked deep-sea bentonite beds when unraveling the Cenozoic volcanic history of an area. In the North Pacific, identification of Miocene and older volcanic episodes is possible only if both altered (bentonite) and unaltered ash beds are recognized. Our study, which includes bentonite beds, shows that volcanism on...
Remote-sensing and subsurface definition of facies and structure related to uranium deposits, Powder River Basin, Wyoming
G. L. Raines, Terry W. Offield, E.S. Santos
1978, Economic Geology (73) 1706-1723
Computer-enhanced Landsat images of the southern Powder River Basin have been used to define facies and linear structural features within the Wasatch Formation. The facies distribution is detectable primarily because of a relation of vegetation density and type to the local substrate. The surface indications of facies are confirmed by...
VAMPs—Possible hydrocarbon-bearing structures in Bering Sea Basin: Geologic notes
David W. Scholl, Alan K. Cooper
1978, AAPG Bulletin (62) 2481-2488
Narrow (1 to 2 km) subsurface columns of concave reflection horizons are common time-base seismic profiles collected in the Bering Sea basin. The columns of recorded downflexures are thought to be velocity pulldowns and commonly are associated with one or more arched or gently domed high-amplitude reflection horizons about 100...
Implications of the petrochemistry of palladium at Iron Canyon, Lander County, Nevada
Norman J. Page, Ted G. Theodore
1978, Journal of Research of the U.S. Geological Survey (6) 107-114
Approximately one-half of the 270 samples from the Iron Canyon area, Nevada, analyzed for platinum-group metals, contain measurable amounts of palladium in the 0.001- to 0.02-part per million range with an average of 0.0034 ppm. The rocks include lower Paleozoic sedimentary and volcanic rocks, Tertiary granitic porphyries, and breccia, all...
Time-dependent friction and the mechanics of stick-slip
James H. Dieterich
1978, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (116) 790-806
Time-dependent increase of static friction is characteristic of rock friction undera variety of experimental circumstances. Data presented here show an analogous velocity-dependent effect. A theor of friction is proposed that establishes a common basis for static and sliding friction. Creep at points of contact causes increases in friction that are...
Tectonomagnetic effects
M. Johnston
1978, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (10) 82-87
Measurements of the actual stress within the Earth and its changes with time are very difficult. It is much easier to monitor the direct effects of this stress, such as ground strain, or the indirect effects, such as changes in resistivity, strain, changes in seismic velocity or changes in magnetic...
Volunteers in the earthquake hazard reduction program
P.L. Ward
1978, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (10) 139-143
One of the specific objectives of the Earthquake Hazard Reduction Act of 1977 is to educate the public, including State and local officials, about earthquakes. Although the Federal Government is significantly increasing its research efforts in earthquake studies, the ultimate benefits of this program will depend on whether the individual...
Yersinia ruckeri sp. nov., the redmouth (RM) bacterium
W.H. Ewing, A. J. Ross, Don J. Brenner, G. R. Fanning
1978, International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology (28) 37-44
Cultures of the redmouth (RM) bacterium, one of the etiological agents of redmouth disease in rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and certain other fishes, were characterized by means of their biochemical reactions, by deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization, and by determination of guanine-plus-cytosine (G+C) ratios in DNA. The DNA relatedness studies...
Geomagnetic polarity event recorded at 1.1 m.y. B.P. on Cobb Mountain, Clear Lake volcanic field, California
Edward A. Mankinen, J.M. Donnelly, C. S. Grommé
1978, Geology (6) 653-656
Paleomagnetic studies show that a normal polarity event within the Matuyama reversed polarity epoch is recorded by one of the volcanic units on Cobb Mountain in northern California. K-Ar age determinations show that this event has an age of 1.12 ± 0.02 m.y. and clearly preceded the Jaramillo normal polarity...
Mass transfer and carbon isotope evolution in natural water systems
T.M.L. Wigley, Niel Plummer, F. J. Pearson Jr.
1978, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (42) 1117-1139
This paper presents a theoretical treatment of the evolution of the carbon isotopes C13 and C14 in natural waters and in precipitates which derive from such waters. The effects of an arbitrary number of sources (such as dissolution of carbonate minerals and oxidation of organic material) and sinks (such as...
Proper construction of fish ponds is one key to profitable operations
J.J. Giudice
1978, Commercial Fish Farmer and Aquaculture News (4) 25-27
Aspects of raccoon (Procyon lotor) social organization
E.K. Fritzell
1978, Canadian Journal of Zoology (56) 260-271
Spatial and temporal relationships among members of a raccoon (Procyon lotor) population were studied during spring and summer in east-central North Dakota during 1973–1975. Radio telemetry was used to locate 48 raccoons 6443 times. Livetrapping results and other observations suggested that most raccoons in the area were radio equipped; densities...
Habitat use by prairie raccoons during the waterfowl breeding season
E.K. Fritzell
1978, Journal of Wildlife Management (42) 118-127
Mobility and habitat use of raccoons (Procyon lotor) in an intensively farmed area of the prairie pothole region were studied during the waterfowl breeding seasons (April-July) of 1973-75. Over 5700 locations of 30 raccoons were analyzed. Movement patterns varied with sex, age, and reproductive status. Adult males moved regularly throughout...
Wetland classification in the United States
L.M. Cowardin
1978, Journal of Forestry (76) 666-668
Wetland is part of a continuum of land types between deep water and dryland. Only one wetland classification was available for the United States prior to preparation of the new system described here, but numerous regional and special-purpose classifications are in use. The new classification is hierarchical, progressing from five...
Fecundity of the bloater (Coregonus hoyi) in Lake Michigan
Lee Emery, Edward H. Brown Jr.
1978, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (107) 785-789
Using ovaries sampled seasonally from Lake Michigan bloaters in 1968-1969, we determined that one complement or modal group of eggs is produced each year and spawned mainly during January, February, and March. Fecundities estimated for 65 fish taken in October ranged from 3,230 eggs in one medium-size bloater (241 mm...
Uranium-lead isotope systematics and apparent ages of zircons and other minerals in precambrian granitic rocks, Granite Mountains, Wyoming
K.R. Ludwig, J. S. Stuckless
1978, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (65) 243-254
Zircon suites from the two main types of granite in the Granite Mountains, Wyoming, yielded concordia-intercept ages of 2,640??20 m.y. for a red, foliated granite (granite of Long Creek Mountain) and 2,595??40 m.y. for the much larger mass of the granite of Lankin Dome. These ages are statistically distinct (40??20...
Determination of dissolved boron in fresh, estuarine, and geothermal waters by d.c. argon-plasma emission spectrometry
J.W. Ball, J. M. Thompson, Everett A. Jenne
1978, Analytica Chimica Acta (98) 67-75
A d.c. argon-plasma emission spectrometer is used to determine dissolved boron in natural (fresh and estuarine) water samples. Concentrations ranged from 0.02 to 250 mg l-1. The emission—concentration function is linear from 0.02 to 1000 mg l-1. Achievement of a relative standard deviation of ⩽ 3% requires frequent restandardization to...
Silicate liquid immiscibility in magmas and in the system K2O-FeO-AI2O3-SiO2: An example of serendipity
E. Roedder
1978, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (42) 1597-1617
The concept of silicate liquid immiscibility was invoked early in the history of petrology to explain certain pairs of compositionally divergent rocks, but. as a result of papers by Greig (Am. J. Sci.13, 1–44, 133–154) and Bowen (The Evolution of the Igneous Rocks), it fell into disfavor for many years....
