Stratigraphy and depositional environments of Baltimore Canyon Trough
Claude (Wylie) Poag
1979, AAPG Bulletin (63) 1452-1466
The Baltimore Canyon Trough, lying offshore from the United States Middle Atlantic States, contains a thickness of at least 14 km of marine and nonmarine sedimentary rocks. One deep offshore stratigraphic test (COST B-2 well), several wells on the coastal plain, 18 shallow core holes (Deep Sea Drilling Project, Atlantic...
Organochlorine residues in eggs of the endangered American crocodile (Crocodylus acutus)
R.J. Hall, T. E. Kaiser, W. B. Robertson, P.C. Patty
1979, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (23) 87-90
Most of the 27 species and subspecies of surviving crocodilians have declining populations and 22 of them are considered to be severely endangered (IUCN 1971). The United States population of the American Crocodile is no exception; it probably numbers between I00 and 300 individuals (OGDEN 1976). Nests of the species...
Relation of environmental factors to breeding status of royal and sandwich terns in South Carolina, USA
L. J. Blus, R. M. Prouty, B.S. Neely Jr.
1979, Biological Conservation (16) 301-320
The population ecology of the royal tern Sterna maxima and sandwich tern Sterna sandvicensis was investigated in South Carolina from 1970 through 1977. Royal and sandwich terns nested together in all of the colonies that we located.The peak in egg laying usually occurred in early May; peak hatching occurred from late May...
The determination of snow avalanche frequency through tree-ring analysis and historical records at Ophir, Colorado
Paul E. Carrara
1979, GSA Bulletin (90) 773-780
Tree-ring analysis can be a reliable method of determining past snow avalanche events when good historical records are lacking. Characteristic features in the tree-ring record indicative of disturbance include: (1) the occurrence of reaction wood, (2) abrupt changes in growth rate, (3) age of scars caused by avalanche impact, (4)...
Results of a reconnaissance microearthquake survey of Bucaramanga, Colombia
W.D. Pennington, Walter D. Mooney, Rene van Hissenhoven, H. Meyer, J.E. Ramirez, Robert P. Meyer
1979, Geophysical Research Letters (6) 65-68
Six University of Wisconsin portable, continuously‐recording seismographs were operated for 3½ days in late 1976 in the Eastern Cordillera of Colombia in a 200‐km‐diameter array around Bucaramanga, where there are also three permanent stations of the Instituto Geofísico de Los Andes Colombianos. Twenty‐seven microearthquakes were recorded. Most can be well...
Regional deformation of the Sierra Nevada, California, on conjugate microfault sets
J. P. Lockwood, James G. Moore
1979, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (84) 6041-6049
Strike slip microfaults are pervasive throughout the granitic rocks of the eastern Sierra Nevada. Offsets typically range from less than a millimeter to several tens of centimeters but exceed 100 m in some places. The spacing between microfaults varies from a few tens of centimeters to a few tens of...
Assessing Metallic Resources in Alaska
Donald A. Singer, A. Thomas Ovenshine
1979, American Scientist (67) 582-589
In the last two decades federal and state governments have become in creasingly preoccupied with classi fying public lands according to the uses that may be made of them. One outcome of the classifying can be a change in the land's legal status from one in which any use...
Worth of data and natural disaster insurance
E. D. Attanasi, M.R. Karlinger
1979, Water Resources Research (15) 1763-1766
The Federal Government in the past has provided medical and economic aid to victims of earthquakes and floods. However, regulating the use of hazard-prone areas would probably be more efficient. One way to implement such land use regulation is through the national flood and earthquake insurance program. Because insurance firms...
Estimating nest success: The Mayfield method and an alternative
Douglas H. Johnson
1979, The Auk (96) 651-661
Mayfield's method for calculating the success of a group of nests is examined in detail. The standard error of his estimator is developed. Mayfield's assumption that destroyed nests are at risk until the midpoint of the interval between visits leads to bias if nests are visited infrequently. A remedy is...
An algol program for dissimilarity analysis: a divisive-omnithetic clustering technique
J.C. Tipper
1979, Computers & Geosciences (5) 1-13
Clustering techniques are used properly to generate hypotheses about patterns in data. Of the hierarchical techniques, those which are divisive and omnithetic possess many theoretically optimal properties. One such method, dissimilarity analysis, is implemented here in ALGOL 60, and determined to be competitive computationally with most other methods. ?? 1979....
Population differentiation along a flood frequency gradient: Physiological adaptations to flooding in Nyssa sylvatica
Jon E. Keeley
1979, Ecological Monographs (49) 89-108
Throughout the southeastern United States the hardwood Nyssa sylvatica (sensu lato) is distributed along a soil moisture gradient from upland sites, which are never flooded, to floodplains, which are periodically flooded and drained to permanently flooded swamps. Population differentiation with respect to flood tolerance and related physiological attributes was investigated...
Seismic gaps and source zones of recent large earthquakes in coastal Peru
J. W. Dewey, W. Spence
1979, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (117) 1148-1171
The earthquakes of central coastal Peru occur principally in two distinct zones of shallow earthquake activity that are inland of and parallel to the axis of the Peru Trench. The interface-thrust (IT) zone includes the great thrust-fault earthquakes of 17 October 1966 and 3 October 1974. The coastal-plate interior (CPI)...
Recent developments in uranium exploration using the U.S. Geological Survey's mobile helium detector
G.M. Reimer, E.H. Denton, I. Friedman, J. K. Otton
1979, Journal of Geochemical Exploration (11) 1-12
A mobile mass spectrometer to measure He concentrations has been developed by the U.S. Geological Survey. This instrument has been tested in areas of known uranium deposits, and He anomalies have been found in both soil gas and water. A gas sample is collected in a hypodermic syringe, injected into...
Eolian features in the Western Desert of Egypt and some applications to Mars
F. El-Baz, C. S. Breed, M. J. Grolier, J.F. McCauley
1979, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (84) 8205-8221
Relations of landform types to wind regimes, bedrock composition, sediment supply, and topography are shown by field studies and satellite photographs of the Western Desert of Egypt. This desert, which lies at the core of the largest hyperarid region on earth, provides analogs of Martian wind-formed features. These include sand...
Beach-cusp formation
A. H. Sallenger Jr.
1979, Marine Geology (29) 23-37
Field experiments on beach-cusp formation were undertaken to document how the cuspate form develops and to test the edge-wave hypothesis on the uniform spacing of cusps. These involved observations of cusps forming from an initially plane foreshore. The cuspate form was observed to be a product of swash modification of an...
Barometric fluctuations in wells tapping deep unconfined aquifers
Edwin P. Weeks
1979, Water Resources Research (15) 1167-1176
Water levels in wells screened only below the water table in unconfined aquifers fluctuate in response to atmospheric pressure changes. These fluctuations occur because the materials composing the unsaturated zone resist air movement and have capacity to store air with a change in pressure. Consequently, the translation of any pressure...
Water, something peculiar
T. E. A. Van Hylckama
1979, Hydrological Sciences Bulletin (24) 499-507
Some chemical and physical properties of water are discussed and compared with those of other fluids. For instance, the boiling point is much higher than one would expect considering the molecular weight of water. The heat capacity is also much higher but the viscosity is not. The dielectric constant is...
Lunar magnetic anomalies detected by the Apollo substatellite magnetometers
L. L. Hood, P.J. Coleman Jr., C.T. Russell, D.E. Wilhelms
1979, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (20) 291-311
Properties of lunar crustal magnetization thus far deduced from Apollo subsatellite magnetometer data are reviewed using two of the most accurate presently available magnetic anomaly maps - one covering a portion of the lunar near side and the other a part of the far side. The largest single anomaly found...
Classification of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States
L.M. Cowardin, V. Carter, F.C. Golet, E.T. LaRoe
1979, FWS/OBS 79/31
This classification, to be used in a new inventory of wetlands and deepwater habitats of the United States, is intended to describe ecological taxa, arrange them in a system useful to resource managers, furnish units for mapping, and provide uniformity of concepts and terms. Wetlands are defined by plants (hydrophytes),...
Immersion vaccination of sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) with two pathogenic strains of Vibrio anguillarum
R. W. Gould, R. Antipa, D.F. Amend
1979, Journal of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada (36) 222-225
Sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) were immersion-vaccinated in suspensions containing 5 × 107, 5 × 106, 5 × 105, or 5 × 104 bacteria/mL of bivalent or monovalent, formalin-killedVibrio anguillarum, Types I and II. The fish were split into two lots and held for 54 d. At that time one lot was challenged with living, virulent V. anguillarum, Type I, and one with...
Electrical measurements as stress-strain monitors
T. R. Madden
1979, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (11) 4-8
Many of the measurements of phyiscal properties being made in earthquake prediction studies are based on the premise that these properties are influenced by stresses and strains, especially so near the failure point. Electrical properties of rocks are controlled by the fluid in the pores and cracks in the rocks....
Medication inhibits tolerance to seawater in coho salmon smolts
Gerald R. Bouck, David A. Johnson
1979, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (108) 63-66
Applications of 10 therapeutic and two anesthetic agents to healthy smolts of coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) by conventional methods were followed by two different posttreatment circumstances. In condition I, fish were treated and then transferred directly to 28‰ seawater for 10 days; in condition II, fish were treated and held...
Coccolith and silicoflagellate stratigraphy, northern mid-Atlantic Ridge and Reykjanes Ridge, Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 49
David Bukry
1979, Initial reports of the Deep Sea Drilling Project (49) 551-581
Leg 49 of the Deep Sea Drilling Project recovered 192 cores at eight drilling sites, 407 through 414 (Figure 1). Light-microscope techniques were used to study the cocoliths, silicoflagellates, and sponge spicules of 120 samples from these cores. The cocolith zonation of the samples follows Bukry (1975a), and is summarized...
A “natural and legitimate ambition . . . .”
S. J. Pyne
1979, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (11) 53-57
Grove Karl Gilbert (1843-1918) was Chief Geologist for the U.S Geological Survey from 1889 to 1892. Still working for the Survey, he was in Berkeley when the 1906 earthquake struck San Francisco. Immediately on waking, he began to study the motion of the light fixture hanging from the ceiling, trying...
Effects of dietary addition of vitamins C and D3 on growth and calcium and phosphorus content of pond-cultured channel catfish
C.A. Launer, O.W. Tiemeier, C.W. Deyoe
1978, Progressive Fish-Culturist (40) 16-20
Fingerling channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, were fed one of three diets: one deficient in vitamin C (ascorbic acid), one deficient in vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol), or one containing both vitamins. Semimonthly from May to September and monthly from September to February, calcium and phosphorus were determined in eviscerated bodies and fat-free...
