A spatial snow model for preday/prey interactions
R. Ringleb, C. Martinka, D. Fagre, G. Liston, D. Potts, E. Willard
1994, Book, Mapping and remote sensing tools for the 21st century: conference and exposition: with feature emphasis on public/private interaction
No abstract available....
Earthquake aftershocks: Update
P.A. Reasenberg, L.M. Jones
1994, Science (265) 1251-1252
No abstract available....
Predicting earthquake effects—Learning from Northridge and Loma Prieta
Thomas L. Holzer
1994, Science (265) 1182-1183
The continental United States has been rocked by two particularly damaging earthquakes in the last 4.5 years, Loma Prieta in northern California in 1989 and Northridge in southern California in 1994. Combined losses from these two earthquakes approached $30 billion. Approximately half these losses were reimbursed by the federal government....
Integration of radio telemetry and hydraulic model data for siting and operating juvenile bypass systems on the Columbia River to reduce predation
R.S. Shively, T.P. Poe, R. Peters
1994, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 1st international symposium on habitat hydraulics
No abstract available...
Phylogeny and evolution of the auks (subfamily Alcinae) based on mitochondrial DNA sequences
Truls Moum, Steinar Johansen, Kjell Einar Erikstad, John F. Piatt
1994, PNAS (91) 7912-7916
The genetic divergence and phylogeny of the auks was assessed by mitochondrial DNA sequence comparisons in a study using 19 of the 22 auk species and two outgroup representatives. We compared more than 500 nucleotides from each of two mitochondrial genes encoding 12S rRNA and the NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6....
Evaluation of an empirical radar backscatter model for predicting backscatter characteristics of geologic units at Pisgah Volcanic Field, California
Lisa R. Gaddis
1994, Geophysical Research Letters (21) 1803-1806
Comparison of radar backscatter coefficients (σ°, in dB), calculated by using the empirical model of Oh et al. [1992], to σ° extracted from AIRSAR data of four geologic units at Pisgah shows that the model predicts measured σ°vv and σ°hv to within ±3 dB. The model predicts higher σ°hh than those observed. For...
Evolution of the Precambrian lithosphere: Seismological and geochemical constraints
R. Durrheim, Walter D. Mooney
1994, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (99) 15359-15374
Several recent models of crustal evolution are based on the belief that the thickness of the continental crust is proportional to its age, with ancient crust being the thickest. A worldwide review of seismic structure contradicts this belief and falsifies these models, at least for the Archean....
Bed material and numerical modeling in a gravel/cobble stream
Robert T. Milhous, R. Dodge, P. Johnson
1994, Book, Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers Conference
No abstract available....
The temporal distribution of seismic radiation during deep earthquake rupture
H. Houston, J.E. Vidale
1994, Science (265) 771-774
The time history of energy release during earthquakes illuminates the process of failure, which remains enigmatic for events deeper than about 100 kilometers. Stacks of teleseismic records from regional arrays for 122 intermediate (depths of 100 to 350 kilometers) and deep (depths of 350 to 700 kilometers) earthquakes show that...
On habitat simulation in mountain rivers
Robert T. Milhous
1994, Book, Proceedings of the American Society of Civil Engineers Conference
No abstract available....
Crustal velocity structure of the northern Yukon-Tanana upland, central Alaska: Results from TACT refraction/wide-angle reflection data
Bruce C. Beaudoin, Gary S. Fuis, William J. Lutter, Walter D. Mooney, Thomas E. Moore
1994, Bulletin (106) 981-1001
The Fairbanks North seismic refraction/ wide-angle reflection profile, collected by the U.S. Geological Survey Trans-Alaska Crustal Transect (TACT) project in 1987, crosses the complex region between the Yukon-Tanana and Ruby terranes in interior Alaska. This region is occupied by numerous small terranes elongated in a northeast-southwest direction. These seismic data...
Grizzly bear use of army cutworm moths in the Yellowstone Ecosystem
Steven P. French, Marilynn G. French, Richard R. Knight
1994, Bears: Their Biology and Management (9) 389-399
The ecology of alpine aggregations of army cutworm moths (Euxoa auxiliaris) and the feeding behavior of grizzly bears (Ursus arctos horribilis) at these areas were studied in the Yellowstone ecosystem from 1988 to 1991. Army cutworm moths migrate to mountain regions each summer to feed at night on the nectar...
Relating riparian vegetation to present and future streamflows
Gregor T. Auble, Jonathan M. Friedman, Michael L. Scott
1994, Ecological Applications (4) 544-554
No abstract available....
Flow cytometry for monitoring contaminant exposure in black-crowned night-herons
T. W. Custer, J. W. Bickham, T.B. Lyne, T. Lewis, L.A. Ruedas, Christine M. Custer, M. J. Melancon
1994, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (27) 176-179
The flow cytometry method (FCM) was employed to determine cellular DNA content of black-crowned night-heron (Nycticorax nycticorax) embryos and 10-day-old chicks collected at sites differing in types of chemical contamination. The coefficient of variation of DNA content (CV) in blood collected from embryos suggested cytogenetic damage at a site in...
Long-period earthquakes in the Long Valley Caldera Region, eastern California
Andrew M. Pitt, David P. Hill
1994, Geophysical Research Letters (21) 1679-1682
Most earthquakes occurring near Long Valley caldera since the onset of recurring swarm activity in 1980 have the broad-band signature typical of tectonic or volcano-tectonic earthquakes with impulsive, high-frequency P and S waves. With the Mammoth Mountain earthquake swarm in mid 1989, we began detecting occasional events with a marked...
Dynamic growth of mixed-mode shear cracks
D.J. Andrews
1994, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (84) 1184-1198
A pure mode II (in-plane) shear crack cannot propagate spontaneously at a speed between the Rayleigh and S-wave speeds, but a three-dimensional (3D) or two-dimensional (2D) mixed-mode shear crack can propagate in this range, being driven by the mode III (antiplane) component. Two different analytic solutions have been proposed for...
Upper-crustal structure beneath the Columbia River Basalt Group, Washington; gravity interpretation controlled by borehole and seismic studies: Discussion
R. D. Catchings, R. W. Saltus
1994, GSA Bulletin (106) 1096-1101
No abstract available...
Routine estimation of earthquake source complexity: The 18 October 1992 Colombian earthquake
Charles J. Ammon, Thorne Lay, Aaron A. Velasco, John E. Vidale
1994, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (84) 1266-1271
We describe two methods, suitable for routine application to teleseismic recordings, that characterize the time history of seismic events. Stacking short-period signals from large regional arrays provides stable estimates of high-frequency radiation from the source, and an empirical Green's function deconvolution procedure extracts reliable, broadband time functions suitable for analysis...
An image of the Columbia Plateau from inversion of high‐resolution seismic data
William J. Lutter, Rufus D. Catchings, Craig M. Jarchow
1994, Geophysics (59) 1278-1289
We use a method of traveltime inversion of high‐resolution seismic data to provide the first reliable images of internal details of the Columbia River Basalt Group (CRBG), the subsurface basalt/sediment interface, and the deeper sediment/basement interface. Velocity structure within the basalts, delineated on the order of 1 km horizontally and...
Satellite tobacco mosaic virus sequence variants with only five Nucleotide differences can interfere with each other in a cross protection-like phenomenon in plants
Gael Kurath, J. Allan Dodds
1994, Virology (202) 1065-1069
The type strain of satellite tobacco mosaic virus (STMV) contains two major variants, designated type 5 (T5) and type 6 (T6), which can be easily distinguished by RNase protection analyses. Clones containing cDNA of representative T5 and T6 STMV genomes have only five single-base differences in the entire 1059-nucleotide genome,...
Isotopic composition of Pb in ore deposits of the Betic Cordillera, Spain; origin and relationship to other European deposits
Antonio Arribas , Richard M. Tosdal
1994, Economic Geology (89) 1074-1093
The Betic Cordillera in southern Spain is a complex Alpine fold belt that resulted from the Cretaceous through Cenozoic collision of Africa with Europe. The region is illustrative of one of the characteristics of the Alpine-Mediterranean orogen: the occurrence over a limited area of mineral deposits with a wide variety...
Some observations of landslides triggered by the 29 April 1991 Racha earthquake, Republic of Georgia
R.W. Jibson, C.S. Prentice, B.A. Borissoff, E.A. Rogozhin, C.J. Langer
1994, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (84) 963-973
On 29 April 1991 an Ms 7.0 earthquake occurred in the Racha region of the Great Caucasus Mountains in north-central Republic of Georgia. The earthquake occurred on a thrust fault striking roughly east-west and dipping about 20° to 45° northward; focal depth was 17 ± 2 km. We observed no...
Memorial to John C. Griffiths, 1912-1992
L.J. Drew
1994, American Mineralogist 25-27
No abstract available ...
Including near-field terms in the isochrone integration method for application to finite-fault or kirchhoff boundary integral problems
William B. Joyner, Paul Spudich
1994, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (84) 1260-1265
In many types of seismological and engineering problems, it is necessary to perform a surface integral involving a Green's function having either a source or receiver point on the surface. For far-field terms of the Green's function, it is well known that the surface integral can be reduced to a...
Measurements of P and S wave fronts from the dense three-dimensional array at Garni, Armenia
Jim Mori, John R. Filson, Edward Cranswick, Roger D. Borcherdt, Ruben Amirbekian, Vigen Aharonian, Leon Hachverdian
1994, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (84) 1089-1096
The P- and S-wave arrivals from local earthquakes were studied using an array of 10 three-component instruments in and around a tunnel at Garni Observatory, Armenia. The array has a three-dimensional configuration with lateral dimensions of 300 to 500 m and a depth extent of 100 m. Estimates of the...
