Generalized viscoplastic modeling of debris flow
Cheng-lung Chen
1988, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (114) 237-258
Various concepts have been proposed or used in the development of Theological models for debris flow. The earliest model developed by Bagnold was based on the concept of the “dispersive” pressure generated by grain collisions. Bagnold's concept appears to be theoretically sound, but his empirical model has been found to...
Erosion and slope instability on Horizon Guyot, Mid-Pacific Mountains
W. C. Schwab, H.J. Lee, R. E. Kayen, P. J. Quinterno, G. B. Tate
1988, Geo-Marine Letters (8) 1-10
Seismic-reflection profiles, sediment cores, and current velocities were assessed to study the impact of erosion and sediment redistribution on the pelagic sediment cap of Horizon Guyot, a flat-topped submarine volcanic ridge in the Mid-Pacific Mountains. These processes seem to concentrate their effect around the rim of the sediment cap. Sediment...
Normalization of oxygen and hydrogen isotope data
T.B. Coplen
1988, Chemical Geology: Isotope Geoscience Section (72) 293-297
To resolve confusion due to expression of isotopic data from different laboratories on non-corresponding scales, oxygen isotope analyses of all substances can be expressed relative to VSMOW or VPDB (Vienna Peedee belemnite) on scales normalized such that the δ18O of SLAP is −55.5% relative to VSMOW.H3+ contribution in hydrogen isotope ratio analysis can...
Why did they quit?
L. E. Holland Bartels, R.C. Hubley Jr.
1988, Fisheries (13) 32-34
No abstract available....
On the edge - on the Platte
E.M. Kirsch
1988, Nebraskaland (66) 36-42
Abstract has not been submitted...
Water required, water used, and potential water sources for rice irrigation, north coast of Puerto Rico
A. J. Roman-Mas
1988, Water-Resources Investigations Report 86-4334
A 3-yr investigation was conducted to determine the water required and used (both consumed and applied) for irrigation in the rice-growing areas of Vega Baja, Manati, and Arecibo along the north coast. In addition, the investigation evaluated the water resources of each area with regard to the full development of...
Sandstone petrographic evidence and the Chugach-Prince William terrane boundary in southern Alaska
Julie A. Dumoulin
1988, Geology (16) 456-460
The contact between the Upper Cretaceous Valdez Group and the Paleocene and Eocene Orca Group has been inferred to be the boundary between the Chugach and the Prince William tectonostratigraphic terranes. Sandstone petrographic data from the Prince William Sound area show no compositional discontinuity across this contact. These data are...
Integrated aeration systems
V. K. Dawson, L. L. Marking
1988, Progressive Fish-Culturist (50) 62-63
Abstract has not been submitted...
Compilation of hydrologic data for the Edwards aquifer, San Antonio area, Texas, 1986, with 1934-86 summary
G. B. Ozuna, G.M. Nalley, W.G. Stein
1988, Edwards Underground Water District Bulletin 46
No abstract available....
Riverine C, N, Si and P transport to the coastal ocean: An overview
David H. Peterson, Stephen W. Hager, Laurence E. Schemel, Daniel R. Cayan
1988, Book chapter, Coastal-offshore ecosystem interactions, Volume 22 of the series Lecture notes on coastal and estuarine studies
Terrestrial ecosystems cycle and recyle inorganic nutrients including a feedback to atmospheric dry deposition and precipitation (cf. Lewis et al., 1985). Each year, however, a small fraction per unit area of the atmosphere/plant/soil flux leaks from these land-based cycles via precipitation/runoff (Meybeck, 1982). These losses are, in general, unpreventable. Moreover,...
Analysis of geophysical well logs obtained in the State 2-14 borehole, Salton Sea geothermal area, California
Frederick L. Paillet, R. H. Morin
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 12981-12994
A complete suite of conventional geophysical well logs was obtained in the upper part of a 3220-m- deep borehole drilled into geothermally altered alluvial sediments on the southeastern edge of the Salton Sea. In situ temperatures greater than 300°C and an inability to cool parts of the borehole by circulation...
Relic magma chamber structures preserved within the Mesozoic North Atlantic crust?
J. McCarthy, J.C. Mutter, J. L. Morton, Norman H. Sleep, G. A. Thompson
1988, Geological Society of America Bulletin (100) 1423-1436
The North Atlantic Transect seismic reflection data, collected southwest of Bermuda, have been reinterpreted following post-stack migration and reveal two major intracrustal reflections. The shallower of these two events, located ∼1 s below the igneous basement, is a subhorizontal, undulating surface that in some places is continuous for as much...
Ferromanganese deposits from the Gulf of Alaska Seamount Province: Mineralogy, chemistry, and origin
R.A. Koski
1988, Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences (25) 116-133
Ferromanganese-oxide deposits dredged from four seamounts (Welker, Miller, Murray, and Patton) in the Gulf of Alaska Seamount Province include poorly crystallized microlaminated crusts on basalt substrate, well-crystallized Mn-oxide veins in epiclastic sedimentary rocks, and crystalline Mn-oxide layers and micronodules in phosphorite. The principal rock types dredged are alkali-basalt pillow fragments...
US Geological Survey begins seismic ground response experiments in Washington State
Arthur C. Tarr, K. W. King
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (19) 160-170
This article briefly describes the experimental monitoring of minor seismic features caused by distant nuclear explosions, mining blasts and rhythmic human pushing against wooden homes. Some means of response prediction are outlined in Washington State and some effects of seismic amplification by weak clayey sediments are described. The results of...
Electrical structure of Newberry Volcano, Oregon
D.V. Fitterman, W. D. Stanley, R.J. Bisdorf
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 10119-10134
From the interpretation of magnetotelluric, transient electromagnetic, and Schlumberger resistivity soundings, the electrical structure of Newberry Volcano in central Oregon is found to consist of four units. From the surface downward, the geoelectrical units are (1) very resistive, young, unaltered volcanic rock, (2) a conductive layer of older volcanic material...
Crustal structure of east central Oregon: Relation between Newberry Volcano and regional crustal structure
R. D. Catchings, Walter D. Mooney
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research (93) 10081-10094
A 180-km-long seismic refraction transect from the eastern High Cascades, across Newberry Volcano, to the eastern High Lava Plains is used to investigate the subvolcanic crustal and upper mantle velocity structure there. Near-surface volcanic flows and sedimentary debris (1.6-4.7 km/s), ranging from 3 to 5 km in thickness, overlie subvolcanic...
Instrumentation for a dry-pond detention study
L. M. Pope, M.E. Jennings, K.G. Thibodeaux
1988, Conference Paper
A 12.3-acre, fully urbanized, residential land-use catchment was instrumented by the U. S. Geological Survey in Topeka, Kansas. Hydraulic instrumentation for flow measurement includes two types of flumes, a pipe-insert flume and a culvert-inlet (manhole) flume. Samples of rainfall and runoff for water-quality analyses were collected by automatic, 3-liter, 24-sample...
Late Pleistocene drainage systems beneath Delaware Bay
H.J. Knebel, R.C. Circe
1988, Marine Geology (78) 285-302
Analyses of an extensive grid of seismic-reflection profiles, along with previously published sedimentary data and geologic information from surrounding coastal areas, outline the ancestral drainage systems of the Delaware River beneath lower Delaware Bay. Major paleovalleys within these systems have southeast trends, relief of 10-35 m, widths of 1-8 km,...
Interrelations among pyroclastic surge, pyroclastic flow, and lahars in Smith Creek valley during first minutes of 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, USA
S.R. Brantley, R. B. Waitt
1988, Bulletin of Volcanology (50) 304-326
A devastating pyroclastic surge and resultant lahars at Mount St. Helens on 18 May 1980 produced several catastrophic flowages into tributaries on the northeast volcano flank. The tributaries channeled the flows to Smith Creek valley, which lies within the area devastated by the surge but was unaffected by the great...
Natural variance in pH as a complication in detecting acidification of lakes
J.T. Turk
1988, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (37) 171-176
Natural variance in the pH of three dilute lakes in the Flat Tops Wilderness Area, Colorado, complicates the detection of acidification. Variations in pH during July-September of 1983 were: 0.95 (Ned Wilson Lake), 1.36 (Upper Island Lake), and 1.53 (Oyster Lake). Mean diurnal variations in pH during 1983 were: 0.37...
Further comments on sensitivities, parameter estimation, and sampling design in one-dimensional analysis of solute transport in porous media
Debra S. Knopman, Clifford I. Voss
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 225-238
Sensitivities of solute concentration to parameters associated with first-order chemical decay, boundary conditions, initial conditions, and multilayer transport are examined in one-dimensional analytical models of transient solute transport in porous media. A sensitivity is a change in solute concentration resulting from a change in a model parameter. Sensitivity analysis is...
Mineralization, alteration, and hydrothermal metamorphism of the ophiolite-hosted Turner-Albright sulfide deposit, southwestern Oregon
R.A. Zierenberg, Wayne C. Shanks III, W.E. Seyfried Jr., R.A. Koski, M.D. Strickler
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4657-4674
The Turner-Albright sulfide deposit, part of the Josephine ophiolite, formed on and below the seafloor during Late Jurassic volcanism at a back arc spreading center. Ore fluids were probably localized by faults which were active on the seafloor at the time of sulfide deposition. The uppermost massive sulfide formed on...
A magmatic model of Medicine Lake Volcano, California
J.M. Donnelly-Nolan
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4412-4420
Medicine Lake volcano is a Pleistocene and Holocene shield volcano of the southern Cascade Range. It is located behind the main Cascade arc in an extensional tectonic setting where high-alumina basalt is the most commonly erupted lava. This basalt is parental to the higher-silica calc-alkaline and tholeiitic lavas that make...
Volcanic hazards and public response
D. W. Peterson
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4161-4170
Although scientific understanding of volcanoes is advancing, eruptions continue to take a substantial toll of life and property. Some of these losses could be reduced by better advance preparation, more effective flow of information between scientists and public officials, and better understanding of volcanic behavior by all segments of the...
The Argos seismic data message system
J.S. Derr, R.N. Hunter
1988, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (78) 1000-1005
A reliable, inexpensive method for sending limited daily seismic data messages from remote observatories to the National Earthquake Information Center has been developed for use with the Argos satellite system. Data messages are compressed on a microcomputer and passed automatically to a simple transmitter. About 4 hr later, the data...
