Prescribed fire and other fuel-reduction treatments alter ground spider assemblages in a Southern Appalachian hardwood forest
Joshua W. Campbell, Steven Mark Grodsky, Marc Milne, Patrick Viguiera, Cynthia C. Viguiera, Emily Stern, Cathryn H. Greenberg
2022, Forest Ecology and Management (510)
Prescribed burns and understory thinnings are forest management practices aimed at reducing fuel loads to lessen wildfire threat in the Southern Appalachians, USA. Spiders play a critical role in forest ecosystems by controlling insect populations and providing an important food source for vertebrates. We used pitfall and colored pan traps...
Improved resolution across the Global Seismographic Network: A new era in low-frequency seismology
Adam T. Ringler, Robert Anthony, P. Thompson Davis, Carl Ebeling, K. Hafner, R. Mellors, S. Schneider, David C. Wilson
2022, The Seismic Record (2) 78-87
The Global Seismographic Network (GSN)—a global network of ≈150 very broadband stations—is used by researchers to study the free oscillations of the Earth (≈0.3–10 mHz) following large earthquakes. Normal‐mode observations can provide information about the radial density and anisotropic velocity structure of the Earth (including near the core–mantle boundary), but only...
Soil depth and precipitation moderate soil textural effects on seedling survival of a foundation shrub species
Kari E. Veblen, Kyle C. Nehring, Michael C. Duniway, Anna C. Knight, Thomas A. Monaco, Eugene W. Schupp, Janis L Boettinger, Juan J Villalba, Steven Fick, Colby C. Brungard, Eric Thacker
2022, Restoration Ecology (30)
In drylands, there is a need for controlled experiments over multiple planting years to examine how woody seedlings respond to soil texture and the potentially interactive effects of soil depth and precipitation. Understanding how multiple environmental factors interactively influence plant establishment is critical to restoration ecology and in this case...
Life and death in a dynamic environment: Invasive trout, floods, and intraspecific drivers of translocated populations
Brian D Healy, Phaedra E. Budy, Mary M. Conner, Emily C. Omana Smith
2022, Ecological Applications (32)
Understanding the relative strengths of intrinsic and extrinsic factors regulating populations is a long-standing focus of ecology and critical to advancing conservation programs for imperiled species. Conservation could benefit from an increased understanding of factors influencing vital rates (somatic growth, recruitment, survival) in small, translocated populations,...
Optimizing management of invasions in an uncertain world using dynamic spatial models
Kim M. Pepin, Amy J. Davis, Rebecca S. Epanchin-Niell, Andrew M. Gormley, Joslin L. Moore, Timothy J. Smyser, H. Bradley Shaffer, William L. Kendall, Katriona Shea, Michael C. Runge, Sophie McKee
2022, Ecological Applications (32)
Dispersal drives invasion dynamics of nonnative species and pathogens. Applying knowledge of dispersal to optimize the management of invasions can mean the difference between a failed and a successful control program and dramatically improve the return on investment of control efforts. A common approach to identifying optimal management solutions for...
Fire-driven vegetation type conversion in Southern California
Alesandra D. Syphard, Theresa J Brennan-Kane, Heather Rustigian-Romsos, Jon E. Keeley
2022, Ecological Applications (32)
One consequence of global change causing widespread concern is the possibility of ecosystem conversions from one type to another. A classic example of this is vegetation type conversion (VTC) from native woody shrublands to invasive annual grasslands in the biodiversity hotspot of Southern California. Although the...
Environmental drivers of biseasonal anthrax outbreak dynamics in two multihost savanna systems
Yen-Hua Huang, Kyrre Kausrud, Ayesha Hassim, Sunday O. Ochai, O. Louis van Schalkwyk, Edgar H. Dekker, Alexander Buyantuev, Claudine C. Cloete, J. Werner Kilian, John K.E. Mfune, Pauline L. Kamath, Henriette van Heerden, Wendy Christine Turner
2022, Ecological Monographs (92)
Environmental factors are common forces driving infectious disease dynamics. We compared interannual and seasonal patterns of anthrax infections in two multihost systems in southern Africa: Etosha National Park, Namibia, and Kruger National Park, South Africa. Using several decades of mortality data from each system, we assessed possible transmission mechanisms behind...
The Coalition for Conservation Genetics: Working across organizations to build capacity and achieve change in policy and practice
Francine Kershaw, Michael W. Bruford, W. Chris Funk, Catherine E. Grueber, Sean M. Hoban, Margaret Hunter, Linda Laikre, Anna J. MacDonald, Mariah H. Meek, Cinnamon Mittan, David O´Brien, Rob Ogden, Robyn E. Shaw, Cristiano Vernesi, Gernot Segelbacher
2022, Conservation Science and Practice (4)
The Coalition for Conservation Genetics (CCG) brings together four eminent organizations with the shared goal of improving the integration of genetic information into conservation policy and practice. We provide a historical context of conservation genetics as a field and reflect on current barriers to conserving genetic diversity, highlighting the need...
Riparian forest productivity decline initiated by streamflow diversion then amplified by atmospheric drought 40 years later
Derek M. Schook, Jonathan M. Friedman, Jamie D. Hoover, Steven E. Rice, Richard D. Thaxton, David J. Cooper
2022, Ecohydrology (15)
Riparian trees and their annual growth rings can be used to reconstruct drought histories related to streamflow. Because the death of individual trees reduces competition for survivors, however, tree-ring chronologies based only on surviving trees may underestimate drought impacts. This problem can be addressed by calculating productivity at the stand...
California Deepwater Investigations and Groundtruthing (Cal DIG) I, volume 3 — Benthic habitat characterization offshore Morro Bay, California
Guy R. Cochrane, Linda A. Kuhnz, Lisa Gilbane, Peter Dartnell, Maureen A. L. Walton, Charles K. Paull
2022, Open-File Report 2022-1035
Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) geoform, substrate, and biotic component geographic information system (GIS) products were developed for the U.S. Exclusive Economic Zone (U.S. EEZ) of south-central California in the region of Santa Lucia Bank motivated by interest in development of offshore wind-energy capacity and infrastructure. The Bureau...
Hydroclimatic conditions, wildfire, and species assemblages influence co-occurrence of bull trout and tailed frogs in northern Rocky Mountain streams
David S. Pilliod, Robert S. Arkle, Russel F Thurow, Dan J Isaak
2022, Water (14)
Although bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) and tailed frogs (Ascaphus montanus) have co-existed in forested Pacific Northwest streams for millennia, these iconic cold-water specialists are experiencing rapid environmental change caused by a warming climate and enhanced wildfire activity. Our goal was to inform future conservation by examining the habitat...
Precision and bias of spatial capture–recapture estimates: A multi-site, multi-year Utah black bear case study
Greta M Schmidt, Tabitha A. Graves, Jordan C Pederson, Sarah L Carroll
2022, Ecological Applications (32)
Spatial capture–recapture (SCR) models are powerful analytical tools that have become the standard for estimating abundance and density of wild animal populations. When sampling populations to implement SCR, the number of unique individuals detected, total recaptures, and unique spatial relocations can be highly variable. These sample sizes influence the precision...
Using near–surface temperature data to vicariously calibrate high-resolution thermal infrared imagery and estimate physical surface properties
Timothy N. Titus, J. Judson Wynne, M.D. Jhabvala, N. A. Cabrol
2022, MethodsX (9)
Thermal response of the surface to solar insolation is a function of the topography and the thermal physical characteristics of the landscape, which include bulk density, heat capacity, thermal conductivity and surface albedo and emissivity. Thermal imaging is routinely used to constrain thermal physical properties by characterizing or modeling changes...
On the potential for remote observations of coastal morphodynamics from surf-cameras
Matthew P. Conlin, Peter N. Adams, Margaret L. Palmsten
2022, Remote Sensing (14)
Recreational surf-cameras (surfcams) are ubiquitous along many coastlines, and yet are a largely untapped source of coastal morphodynamic observations. Surfcams offer broad spatial coverage and flexibility in data collection, but a method to remotely acquire ground control points (GCPs) and initial camera parameter approximations is necessary to better leverage this...
Results of the collaborative Lake Ontario bloater restoration stocking and assessment, 2012–2020
Brian Weidel, Amanda Susanne Ackiss, Marc Chalupnicki, Michael Connerton, Steve Davis, John M. Dettmers, Timothy Drew, Aaron T. Fisk, Roger Gordon, S. Dale Hanson, Jeremy Holden, Mark E. Holey, James H. Johnson, Timothy B. Johnson, Colin Lake, Brian F. Lantry, Kevin Loftus, Gregg Mackey, James E. McKenna Jr., Michael J. Millard, Scott P. Minihkeim, Brian O’Malley, Adam Rupnik, Andrew C. Todd, Steven Lapan
2022, Journal of Great Lakes Research (48) 371-380
Bloater, Coregonus hoyi, are deepwater planktivores native to the Laurentian Great Lakes and Lake Nipigon. Interpretations of commercial fishery time series suggest they were common in Lake Ontario through the early 1900s but by the 1950s were no longer captured by commercial fishers. Annual bottom trawl surveys that...
In situ recording of Mars soundscape
Sylvestre Maurice, Baptiste Chide, Naomi Murdoch, Ralph D. Lorenz, David Mimoun, Roger C. Wiens, Alexander E. Stott, X. Jacob, T. Bertrand, F. Montmessin, Nina L. Lanza, C. Alvarez-Llamas, S. M. Angel, M. Aung, J. Balaram, O. Beyssac, A. Cousin, G. Delory, O. Forni, T. Fouchet, O. Gasnault, H. Grip, M. Hecht, J. Hoffman, J. Laserna, J. Lasue, J. N. Maki, J. McClean, P. #NAME? Meslin, S. Le Mouélic, A. Munguira, C. E. Newman, J. A. Rodriguez Manfredi, J. Moros, A. Ollila, P. Pilleri, S.E. Schröder, M. de la Torre Juarez, T. Tzanetos, K. Stack, K. Farley, K. H. Williford, T. Acosta-Maeda, Ryan Anderson, D.M. Applin, G. Arana, M. Bassas-Portus, R. Beal, P.S.A. Beck, K. Benzerara, S. Bernard, P. Bernardi, T. Bosak, B. Bousquet, A.J. Brown, A. Cadu, P. Caïs, K. Castro, E. Clavé, S. M. Clegg, E. Cloutis, S. Connell, A. Debus, E. Dehouck, D. Delapp, C. Donny, A. Dorresoundiram, G. Dromart, B. Dubois, C. Fabre, A. Fau, W. F. Fischer, R. Francis, J. Frydenvang, Travis S.J. Gabriel, E. Gibbons, I. Gontijo, J. R. Johnson, H. Kalucha, E. Kelly, E. Knutsen, G. Lacombe, C. Legett IV, R. Leveille, E. Lewin, G. Lopez-Reyes, E. Lorigny, J. M. Madariaga, M. B. Madsen, S. Madsen, L. Mandon, N. Mangold, M. Mann, J.-A. Manrique, J. Martinez-Frias, L.E. Mayhew, F. Meunier, T. McConnochie, S. M. McLennan, G. Montagnac, V. Mousset, T. Aliste Nelson, R. T. Newell, Y. Parot, C. Pilorget, P. Pinet, G. Pont, C. Quantin-Nataf, B. Quertier, W. Rapin, A. Reyes-Newell, S. Robinson, L. Rochas, C. Royer, F. Rull, V. Sautter, S. Sharma, V. Shridar, A. Sournac, M. Toplis, I. Torre-Fdez, N. Turenne, A. Udry, M. Veneranda, D. Venhaus, D. Vogt, P. Willis
2022, Nature (605) 653-658
Prior to the Perseverance rover landing, the acoustic environment of Mars was unknown. Models predicted that: (i) atmospheric turbulence changes at centimeter scales or smaller at the point where molecular viscosity converts kinetic energy into heat1, (ii) the speed of sound varies at the surface with frequency2,3, and (iii) high...
Chloride toxicity to native freshwater species in natural and reconstituted prairie pothole waters
David Harper, Holly J. Puglis, Bethany K. Kunz, Aida Farag
2022, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (82) 416-428
Oil and gas extraction in the Prairie Pothole Region (PPR) of the northern USA has resulted in elevated chloride concentrations in ground and surface water due to widespread contamination with highly saline produced water, or brine. The toxicity of chloride is poorly understood in the high hardness waters characteristic of...
Landscape-scale forest restoration decreases vulnerability to drought mortality under climate change in southwest USA ponderosa forest
Lisa A McCauley, John B. Bradford, Marcos D. Robles, Robert K Shriver, Travis J. Woolley, Caitlin M. Andrews
2022, Forest Ecology and Management (509)
Drought-induced tree mortality is predicted to increase in dry forests across the western USA as future projections show hotter, drier climates potentially resulting in large-scale tree die-offs, changes in species composition, and loss of forest ecosystem services, including carbon storage. While some studies have found that forest stands with greater...
Mapping aquifer salinity gradients and effects of oil field produced water disposal using geophysical logs: Elk Hills, Buena Vista and Coles Levee Oil Fields, San Joaquin Valley, California
Janice M. Gillespie, Michael J. Stephens, Will Chang, John G. Warden
2022, PLoS ONE (17)
The effects of oil and gas production on adjacent groundwater quality are becoming a concern in many areas of the United States. As a result, it has become increasingly important to identify which aquifers require monitoring and protection. In this study, we map the extent of...
MIS 5e sea-level history along the Pacific coast of North America
Daniel R. Muhs
2022, Earth System Science Data (14) 1271-1330
The primary last interglacial, marine isotope substage (MIS) 5e records on the Pacific coast of North America, from Washington (USA) to Baja California Sur (Mexico), are found in the deposits of erosional marine terraces. Warmer coasts along the southern Golfo de California host both erosional marine terraces and constructional coral...
Reply to “Evidence for humans at White Sands National Park during the Last Glacial Maximum could actually be for Clovis people ~13,000 years ago” by C. Vance Haynes, Jr.
Jeffrey S. Pigati, Kathleen B. Springer, Vance T. Holliday, Matthew R. Bennett, David Bustos, Thomas M. Urban, Sally C. Reynolds, Daniel Odess
2022, PaleoAmerica (8) 99-101
Bennett et al. (2021, Science 373, 1528–1531) reported that ancient human footprints discovered in White Sands National Park, New Mexico date to between ∼23,000 and 21,000 years ago. Haynes (2022, PaleoAmerica, this issue) proposes two alternate hypotheses to explain the antiquity of the footprints. One is that they were made by humans crossing...
Greater sage-grouse respond positively to intensive post-fire restoration treatments
Sharon A. Poessel, David M Barnard, Cara Applestein, Matthew J. Germino, Ethan A. Ellsworth, Donald J. Major, Ann Moser, Todd E. Katzner
2022, Ecology and Evolution (12)
Habitat loss is the most prevalent threat to biodiversity in North America. One of the most threatened landscapes in the United States is the sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystem, much of which has been fragmented or converted to non-native grasslands via the cheatgrass-fire cycle. Like many sagebrush obligates,...
Evaluation of post-stocking dispersal and mortality of juvenile lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in Lake Ontario using acoustic telemetry
Alexander J. Gatch, Stacy L. Furgal, Dimitry Gorsky, J. Ellen Marsden, Zy F. Biesinger, Brian F. Lantry
2022, Journal of Great Lakes Research (48) 572-580
Wild reproduction by stocked lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in Lake Ontario has yet to produce a self-sustaining population, requiring a reliance on stocking. Once released, age-1 juvenile lake trout are not typically surveyed until age-2, creating a gap in knowledge of fine-scale...
Melt surges, flow differentiation, and remobilization of crystal-rich mushes in response to unloading: Observations from Kīlauea Iki lava lake, Hawaii
Rosalind L. Helz
2022, GSA Bulletin (134) 3123-3141
Field and laboratory studies of the 1959 Kīlauea Iki lava lake have provided insight into differentiation processes in mafic magma chambers. This paper explores how partially molten basaltic mushes responded to unloading as a consequence of drilling. Most holes drilled from 1967 to 1979 terminated in a melt-rich internal differentiate...
Using ensemble data assimilation to estimate transient hydrologic exchange flow under highly dynamic flow conditions
K. C. Chen, Xingyuan Chen, X. Song, Martin A. Briggs, P. Jiang, P. Shuai, G. Hammond, H. Zhang, J. Zachara
2022, Water Resources Research (58)
Quantifying dynamic hydrologic exchange flows (HEFs) within river corridors that experience high-frequency flow variations caused by dam regulations is important for understanding the biogeochemical processes at the river water and groundwater interfaces. Heat has been widely used as a tracer to infer steady-state flow velocities through analytical...
