Effects of changes in pumping on regional groundwater-flow paths, 2005 and 2010, and areas contributing recharge to discharging wells, 1990–2010, in the vicinity of North Penn Area 7 Superfund site, Montgomery County, Pennsylvania
Lisa A. Senior, Daniel J. Goode
2017, Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5014
A previously developed regional groundwater flow model was used to simulate the effects of changes in pumping rates on groundwater-flow paths and extent of recharge discharging to wells for a contaminated fractured bedrock aquifer in southeastern Pennsylvania. Groundwater in the vicinity of the North Penn Area 7 Superfund site, Montgomery...
Coastal circulation and water-column properties in the National Park of American Samoa, February–July 2015
Curt D. Storlazzi, Olivia Cheriton, Kurt J. Rosenberger, Joshua B. Logan, Timothy B. Clark
2017, Open-File Report 2017-1060
There is little information on the oceanography in the National Park of American Samoa (NPSA). The transport pathways for potentially harmful constituents of land-derived runoff, as well as larvae and other planktonic organisms, are driven by nearshore circulation patterns. To evaluate the processes affecting coral reef ecosystem health, it is...
Bioenergetics models to estimate numbers of larval lampreys consumed by smallmouth bass in Elk Creek, Oregon
Luke Schultz, Michael Heck, Brandon M Kowalski, Collin A. Eagles-Smith, Kelly C. Coates, Jason B. Dunham
2017, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (37) 714-723
Nonnative fishes have been increasingly implicated in the decline of native fishes in the Pacific Northwest. Smallmouth Bass Micropterus dolomieu were introduced into the Umpqua River in southwest Oregon in the early 1960s. The spread of Smallmouth Bass throughout the basin coincided with a decline in counts of upstream-migrating Pacific...
A note on adding viscoelasticity to earthquake simulators
Frederick Pollitz
2017, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (107) 468-474
Here, I describe how time‐dependent quasi‐static stress transfer can be implemented in an earthquake simulator code that is used to generate long synthetic seismicity catalogs. Most existing seismicity simulators use precomputed static stress interaction coefficients to rapidly implement static stress transfer in fault networks with typically tens of thousands of...
System identification based on deconvolution and cross correlation: An application to a 20‐story instrumented building in Anchorage, Alaska
Weiping Wen, Erol Kalkan
2017, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (107) 718-740
Deconvolution and cross‐correlation techniques are used for system identification of a 20‐story steel, moment‐resisting frame building in downtown Anchorage, Alaska. This regular‐plan midrise structure is instrumented with a 32‐channel accelerometer array at 10 levels. The impulse response functions (IRFs) and correlation functions (CFs) are computed based on waveforms recorded from...
Application of an unstructured 3D finite volume numerical model to flows and salinity dynamics in the San Francisco Bay-Delta
R.C. Martyr-Koller, H.W.J. Kernkamp, Anne A. Van Dam, Mick van der Wegen, Lisa Lucas, N. Knowles, B. Jaffe, T.A. Fregoso
2017, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (192) 86-107
A linked modeling approach has been undertaken to understand the impacts of climate and infrastructure on aquatic ecology and water quality in the San Francisco Bay-Delta region. The Delft3D Flexible Mesh modeling suite is used in this effort for its 3D hydrodynamics, salinity, temperature and sediment dynamics, phytoplankton and...
Using high-throughput DNA sequencing, genetic fingerprinting, and quantitative PCR as tools for monitoring bloom-forming and toxigenic cyanobacteria in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, 2013 and 2014
Sara L. Caldwell Eldridge, Conner Driscoll, Theo W. Dreher
2017, Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5026
Monitoring the community structure and metabolic activities of cyanobacterial blooms in Upper Klamath Lake, Oregon, is critical to lake management because these blooms degrade water quality and produce toxic microcystins that are harmful to humans, domestic animals, and wildlife. Genetic tools, such as DNA fingerprinting by terminal restriction fragment...
Demographic consequences of nest box use for Red-footed Falcons Falco vespertinus in Central Asia
Evgeny A. Bragin, Alexander E. Bragin, Todd E. Katzner
2017, Ibis (159) 841-853
Nest box programs are frequently implemented for the conservation of cavity-nesting birds, but their effectiveness is rarely evaluated in comparison to birds not using nest boxes. In the European Palearctic, Red-footed Falcon Falco vespertinus populations are both of high conservation concern and are strongly associated with nest box programs in...
Snow and ice
Jeremy S. Littell, Stephanie A. McAfee, Shad O’Neel, Louis C. Sass, Evan Burgess, Steve Colt, Paul Clark
Gregory D. Hayward, Steve Colt, Monica L. McTeague, Teresa N. Hollingsworth, editor(s)
2017, General Technical Report PNW-GTR-950-3
Temperature and precipitation are key determinants of snowpack levels. Therefore, climate change is likely to affect the role of snow and ice in the landscapes and hydrology of the Chugach National Forest region.Downscaled climate projections developed by Scenarios Network for Alaska and Arctic Planning (SNAP) are useful for examining projected...
Intraspecific variability and reaction norms of forest understory plant species traits
Julia I. Burton, Steven S. Perakis, Sean C. McKenzie, Caitlin E. Lawrence, Klaus J. Puettmann
2017, Functional Ecology (31) 1881-1893
Trait-based models of ecological communities typically assume intraspecific variation in functional traits is not important, though such variation can change species trait rankings along gradients in resources and environmental conditions, and thus influence community structure and function.We examined the degree of intraspecific relative to interspecific variation, and reaction norms of...
Nutrient feedbacks to soil heterotrophic nitrogen fixation in forests
Steven S. Perakis, Julie C. Pett-Ridge, Christina E. Catricala
2017, Biogeochemistry (134) 41-55
Multiple nutrient cycles regulate biological nitrogen (N) fixation in forests, yet long-term feedbacks between N-fixation and coupled element cycles remain largely unexplored. We examined soil nutrients and heterotrophic N-fixation across a gradient of 24 temperate conifer forests shaped by legacies of symbiotic N-fixing trees. We observed positive relationships among mineral...
Magnetic monitoring in Saguaro National Park
Jeffrey J. Love, Carol Finn, Yesenia C. Gamez Valdez, Don Swann
2017, Fact Sheet 2017-3035
On a sandy, arid plain, near the Rincon Mountain Visitor Center of Saguaro National Park, tucked in among brittlebush, creosote, and other hardy desert plants, is an unusual type of observatory—a small unmanned station that is used for monitoring the Earth’s variable magnetic field. Named for the nearby city of...
Evaluation of long-term trends in hydrologic and water-quality conditions, and estimation of water budgets through 2013, Chester County, Pennsylvania
Ronald A. Sloto, Andrew G. Reif
2017, Scientific Investigations Report 2017-5025
An evaluation of trends in hydrologic and water quality conditions and estimation of water budgets through 2013 was done by the U.S. Geological Survey in cooperation with the Chester County Water Resources Authority. Long-term hydrologic, meteorologic, and biologic data collected in Chester County, Pennsylvania, which included streamflow, groundwater levels, surface-water...
A shifting rift—Geophysical insights into the evolution of Rio Grande rift margins and the Embudo transfer zone near Taos, New Mexico
V. J. S. Grauch, Paul W. Bauer, Benjamin J. Drenth, Keith I. Kelson
2017, Geosphere (13) 870-910
We present a detailed example of how a subbasin develops adjacent to a transfer zone in the Rio Grande rift. The Embudo transfer zone in the Rio Grande rift is considered one of the classic examples and has been used as the inspiration for several theoretical models. Despite this...
Monitoring the cooling of the 1959 Kīlauea Iki lava lake using surface magnetic measurements
Lydie Gailler, James P. Kauahikaua
2017, Bulletin of Volcanology (79) 1-7
Lava lakes can be considered as proxies for small magma chambers, offering a unique opportunity to investigate magma evolution and solidification. Repeated magnetic ground surveys over more than 50 years each show a large vertical magnetic intensity anomaly associated with Kīlauea Iki Crater, partly filled with a lava lake during the...
Seasonal and spatial variabilities in northern Gulf of Alaska surface water iron concentrations driven by shelf sediment resuspension, glacial meltwater, a Yakutat eddy, and dust
John Crusius, Andrew W. Schroth, Joseph A. Resing, Jay Cullen, Robert W. Campbell
2017, Global Biogeochemical Cycles (31) 942-960
Phytoplankton growth in the Gulf of Alaska (GoA) is limited by iron (Fe), yet Fe sources are poorly constrained. We examine the temporal and spatial distributions of Fe, and its sources in the GoA, based on data from three cruises carried out in 2010 from the Copper River (AK) mouth...
Thermal and petrologic constraints on lower crustal melt accumulation under the Salton Sea Geothermal Field
Ozge Karakas, Josef Dufek, Margaret T. Mangan, Heather M. Wright, Olivier Bachmann
2017, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (467) 10-17
In the Salton Sea region of southern California (USA), concurrent magmatism, extension, subsidence, and sedimentation over the past 0.5 to 1.0 Ma have led to the creation of the Salton Sea Geothermal Field (SSGF)—the second largest and hottest geothermal system in the continental United States—and the small-volume rhyolite eruptions that...
Daily survival rate and habitat characteristics of nests of Wilson's Plover
Elizabeth Zinsser, Felicia J. Sanders, Patrick D. Gerard, Patrick G.R. Jodice
2017, Southeastern Naturalist (16) 149-156
We assessed habitat characteristics and measured daily survival rate of 72 nests of Charadrius wilsonia (Wilson's Plover) during 2012 and 2013 on South Island and Sand Island on the central coast of South Carolina. At both study areas, nest sites were located at slightly higher elevations (i.e., small platforms of...
The morphology of transverse aeolian ridges on Mars
Paul Geissler, Justin T. Wilgus
2017, Aeolian Research (26) 63-71
A preliminary survey of publicly released high resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) produced by the High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment (HiRISE) camera on Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter identified transverse aeolian ridges (TARs) in 154 DTMs in latitudes from 50°S to 40°N. Consistent with previous surveys, the TARs identified in HiRISE DTMs...
Uncertainties in forecasting the response of polar bears to global climate change
David C. Douglas, Todd C. Atwood
Andy Butterworth, editor(s)
2017, Book chapter, Marine animal welfare
Several sources of uncertainty affect how precisely the future status of polar bears (Ursus maritimus) can be forecasted. Foremost are unknowns about the future levels of global greenhouse gas emissions, which could range from an unabated increase to an aggressively mitigated reduction. Uncertainties also arise because different climate...
Constraining the thermal history of the North American Midcontinent Rift System using carbonate clumped isotopes and organic thermal maturity indices
Timothy M. Gallagher, Nathan D. Sheldon, Jeffrey L. Mauk, Sierra V. Petersen, Nur Gueneli, Jochen J. Brocks
2017, Precambrian Research (294) 53-66
The Midcontinent Rift System (MRS) is a Late Mesoproterozoic (∼1.1 Ga) sequence of volcanic and sedimentary rocks exposed in the Lake Superior Region of North America. The MRS continues to be the focus of much research due to its economic mineral deposits as well as its archive of Precambrian life and...
Forecasted range shifts of arid-land fishes in response to climate change
James E. Whitney, Joanna B. Whittier, Craig P. Paukert, Julian D. Olden, Angela L. Strecker
2017, Reviews in Fish Biology and Fisheries (27) 463-479
Climate change is poised to alter the distributional limits, center, and size of many species. Traits may influence different aspects of range shifts, with trophic generality facilitating shifts at the leading edge, and greater thermal tolerance limiting contractions at the trailing edge. The generality of relationships between traits and range...
A new mechanistic approach for the further development of a population with established size bimodality
Lisa Heerman, Donald L. DeAngelis, Jost Borcherding
2017, PLoS ONE (12) 1-18
Usually, the origin of a within-cohort bimodal size distribution is assumed to be caused by initial size differences or by one discrete period of accelerated growth for one part of the population. The aim of this study was to determine if more continuous pathways exist allowing shifts from the small...
Temporal genetic population structure and interannual variation in migration behavior of Pacific Lamprey Entosphenus tridentatus
Benjamin J. Clemens, Lance A. Wyss, Rebecca McCoun, Ian Courter, Lawrence Schwabe, Christopher Peery, Carl B. Schreck, Erin K. Spice, Margaret F. Docker
2017, Hydrobiologia (794) 223-240
Studies using neutral loci suggest that Pacific lamprey, Entosphenus tridentatus, lack strong spatial genetic population structure. However, it is unknown whether temporal genetic population structure exists. We tested whether adult Pacific lamprey: (1) show temporal genetic population structure; and (2) migrate different distances between years. We non-lethally sampled lamprey...
Re-Os systematics and geochemistry of cobaltite (CoAsS) in the Idaho cobalt belt, Belt-Purcell Basin, USA: Evidence for middle Mesoproterozoic sediment-hosted Co-Cu sulfide mineralization with Grenvillian and Cretaceous remobilization
N.J. Saintilan, R.A. Creaser, Arthur A. Bookstrom
2017, Ore Geology Reviews (86) 509-525
We report the first study of the Re-Os systematics of cobaltite (CoAsS) using disseminated grains and massive sulfides from samples of two breccia-type and two stratabound deposits in the Co-Cu-Au Idaho cobalt belt (ICB), Lemhi subbasin to the Belt-Purcell Basin, Idaho, USA. Using a 185Re + 190Os spike solution, magnetic and non-magnetic...
