The geochemistry of water near a surficial organic-rich uranium deposit, northeastern Washington State, U.S.A.
R. A. Zielinski, J. K. Otton, R. B. Wanty, C. T. Pierson
1987, Chemical Geology (62) 263-289
The chemistry of three stream, three spring and six near-surface waters in the vicinity of a Holocene organic-rich uranium deposit is described, with particular emphasis on the chemistry of U. Results characterize the solution behavior of uranium as U-bearing water interacts with relatively undecomposed, surficial organic matter. Of the measured...
LOUISIANA BARRIER ISLAND EROSION STUDY.
Sallenger Jr., Shea Penland, S. Jeffress Williams, John R. Suter
1987, Conference Paper
During 1986, the U. S. Geological Survey and the Louisiana Geological Survey began a five-year cooperative study focused on the processes which cause erosion of barrier islands. These processes must be understood in order to predict future erosion and to better manage our coastal resources. The study area includes the...
NONHOMOGENEOUS TERMS IN THE UNSTEADY FLOW EQUATIONS: MODELING ASPECTS.
Chintu Lai, Raymond W. Schaffranek, Robert A. Baltzer
1987, Conference Paper
A study is in progress to identify the relative significance, effects, and benefits attributable to the use of one-dimensional, unsteady, open-channel, flow-simulation models employing a variety of nonhomogeneous terms in their equation formulations. Nonhomogeneous terms being analyzed include those representing bed slope, frictional resistance, nonprismatic channel geometry, lateral flow, and...
Early diagenesis of organic matter in a Sawgrass peat from the Everglades, Florida
W. H. Orem, Patrick G. Hatcher
1987, International Journal of Coal Geology (8) 33-54
The transformation of plant biopolymers to humic substances in peats during early diagenesis is a critical but poorly understood step in the formation of coal. This paper presents results concerning the structural interrelationships among various fractions of the organic matter in...
Hydraulic/Chemical Changes During Ground-Water Recharge by Injection
Scott N. Hamlin
1987, Groundwater (25) 267-274
Ground-water recharge by injection of reclaimed water is a feasible method of improving ground-water quality in the shallow aquifer system in the Palo Alto Baylands along the San Francisco Bay. Ground water was initially more saline than sea water. Reclaimed water was injected at a...
Stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan
P.F. Dobson, J. R. O’Neil
1987, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (82) 75-86
Measurements of stable isotope compositions and water contents of boninite series volcanic rocks from the island of Chichi-jima, Bonin Islands, Japan, confirm that a large amount (1.6–2.4 wt.%) of primary water was present in these unusual magmas. An enrichment of 0.6‰...
Influence of late Quaternary climatic changes on geomorphic and pedogenic processes on a desert piedmont, Eastern Mojave Desert, California
S. G. Wells, L. D. McFadden, J. C. Dohrenwend
1987, Quaternary Research (27) 130-146
Radiocarbon dating of late Quaternary deposits and shorelines of Lake Mojave and cation-ratio numerical age dating of stone pavements (Dorn, 1984) on the adjacent Soda Mountains piedmont provide age constraints for alluvial and eolian deposits. These deposits are associated with climatically controlled stands of Lake Mojave during the past 15,000...
SEA-ICE INFLUENCE ON ARCTIC COASTAL RETREAT.
Erk Reimnitz, P. W. Barnes
1987, Conference Paper
Recent studies document the effectiveness of sea ice in reshaping the seafloor of the inner shelf into sharp-relief features, including ice gouges with jagged flanking ridges, ice-wallow relief, and 2- to 6-m-deep strudel-scour craters. These ice-related relief forms are in disequilibrium with classic open-water hydraulic processes and thus are smoothed...
PHYSICAL MODELING OF CONTRACTED FLOW.
Jonathan K. Lee
1987, Conference Paper
Experiments on steady flow over uniform grass roughness through centered single-opening contractions were conducted in the Flood Plain Simulation Facility at the U. S. Geological Survey's Gulf Coast Hydroscience Center near Bay St. Louis, Miss. The experimental series was designed to provide data for calibrating and verifying two-dimensional, vertically averaged...
The Japan Trench and its juncture with the Kuril Trench: cruise results of the Kaiko project, Leg 3
J.-P. Cadet, K. Kobayashi, J. Aubouin, J. Boulegue, C. Deplus, J. Dubois, Roland E. von Huene, L. Jolivet, T. Kanazawa, J. Kasahara, K. Koizumi, S. Lallemand, Y. Nakamura, G. Pautot, Kiyoshi Suyehiro, S. Tani, H. Tokuyama, T. Yamazaki
1987, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (83) 267-284
This paper presents the results of a detailed survey combining Seabeam mapping, gravity and geomagnetic measurements as well as single-channel seismic reflection observations in the Japan Trench and the juncture with the Kuril Trench during the French-Japanese Kaiko project (northern sector...
Determination of the occurrence of gold in an unoxidized Carlin-type ore sample using synchrotron radiation
J.R. Chen, E. C. T. Chao, J.A. Minkin, J.M. Back, W.C. Bagby, M.L. Rivers, S.R. Sutton, B.M. Gordon, A.L. Hanson, K.W. Jones
1987, Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms (22) 394-400
The occurrence of the so-called invisible gold in two unoxidized Carlin-type gold samples from Nevada has been determined using synchrotron X-ray fluorescence (SXRF) analysis at the National Synchrotron Light Source, Brookhaven National Laboratory. A bedded sample from the East ore zone of the Carlin deposit and a breccia sample from...
The distribution of nitrogen species and adsorption of ammonium in sediments from the tidal Potomac River and estuary
N.S. Simon, M.M. Kennedy
1987, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (25) 11-26
The distribution of dissolved ammonium, adsorbed ammonium and residual, organic and total nitrogen was measured in Potomac River tidal, transition zone and lower estuary sediments to a depth of 66 cm. For these sediments, exchangeable ammonium, and thereby adsorbed ammonium concentrations, were determined directly using an ammonia electrode in alkaline...
The chemistry and mineralogy of haloed burrows in pelagic sediment at DOMES Site A: The equatorial North Pacific
D.Z. Piper, P.D. Rude, S. Monteith
1987, Marine Geology (74) 41-55
The chemical and mineralogical composition of burrowed sediment, recovered in 66 box cores at latitude 9°25′N and longitude 151°15′W in the equatorial Pacific, demonstrates the important role of infauna in determining the geochemistry of pelagic sediment. Haloed burrows, approximately 3 cm...
Radium-226 contents and Rn emanation coefficients of particle-size fractions of alkaline, acid and mixed U mill tailings
E. R. Landa
1987, Health Physics (52) 303-310
[No abstract available]...
Status of glacial Lake Columbia during the last floods from glacial Lake Missoula
B.F. Atwater
1987, Quaternary Research (27) 182-201
The last floods from glacial Lake Missoula, Montana, probably ran into glacial Lake Columbia, in northeastern Washington. In or near Lake Columbia's Sanpoil arm, Lake Missoula floods dating from late in the Fraser glaciation produced normally graded silt beds that become thinner upsection and which alternate with intervals of progressively...
Measurements of210Pb,137Cs, organic carbon and trace elements in sediments of the Illinois and Mississippi rivers
R.A. Cahill, A.D. Autrey
1987, Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry Articles (110) 197-205
Radiometric dating of sediment accumulations by137Cs and210Pb has been successfully initiated in the Illinois and Mississippi Rivers. Sedimentation rates measured at 13 locations range from 0.7 to 3.6 cm/y. Chemical analysis has been completed for up to 45 major and trace elements in core samples. The upper Illinois River contains...
Microprocessor-based data-acquisition system for a borehole radar
Jerry A. Bradley, David L. Wright
1987, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (GE-25) 441-447
An efficient microprocessor-based system has been implemented that permits real-time acquisition, stacking, and digital recording of data generated by a borehole radar system. Although the system digitizes, stacks, and records independently of a computer, it is interfaced to a desktop computer for program control over system parameters such as sampling...
External effects of irrigators' pumping decisions, high plains aquifer
William M. Alley, John E. Schefter
1987, Water Resources Research (23) 1123-1130
The High Plains aquifer, which underlies about 174,000 square miles (1 square mile = 2.59 km2) in the Great Plains, is the principal source of water in one of the nation's major agricultural areas. This paper examines relationships between the scale of management areas and physical factors, resulting from the...
Near-bottom suspended matter concentration on the Continental Shelf during storms: estimates based on in situ observations of light transmission and a particle size dependent transmissometer calibration
J. A. Moody, B. Butman, Michael H. Bothner
1987, Continental Shelf Research (7) 609-628
A laboratory calibration of Sea Tech and Montedoro-Whitney beam transmissometers shows a linear relation between light attenuation coefficient (cp) and suspended matter concentration (SMC) for natural sediments and for glass beads. However the proportionality constant between cp and SMC depends on the particle diameter and particle type. Thus, to measure...
An oxygen isotope model for interpreting carbonate diagenesis in nonmarine rocks (Green River Basin, Wyoming, USA)
W. W. Dickinson
1987, Chemical Geology (65) 103-116
A closed-system model is used for predicting the δ18O of formation waters in the deep portions of the northern Green River basin, Wyoming. δ18Ocalcite is calculated from this modeled water and compared with the δ18O of measured calcites to help interpret diagenesis in the basin.The modification of 18Owater, which may be caused...
Effect of transmitter turn-off time on transient soundings
David V. Fitterman, Walter L. Anderson
1987, Geoexploration (24) 131-146
A general procedure for computing the effect of non-zero turn-off time on the transient electromagnetic response is presented which can be applied to forward and inverse calculation methods for any transmitter-receiver configuration. We consider in detail the case of a large transmitter loop which has a receiver coil located at...
Unsaturated flow in a centrifugal field: Measurement of hydraulic conductivity and testing of Darcy's Law
John R. Nimmo, J. Rubin, D.P. Hammermeister
1987, Water Resources Research (23) 124-134
A method has been developed to establish steady state flow of water in an unsaturated soil sample spinning in a centrifuge. Theoretical analysis predicts moisture conditions in the sample that depend strongly on soil type and certain operating parameters. For Oakley sand, measurements of flux, water content, and matric potential...
Geology of the Holocene surficial uranium deposit of the north fork of Flodelle Creek, northeastern Washington (USA)
S. Y. Johnson, J. K. Otton, D. L. Macke
1987, Geological Society of America Bulletin (98) 77-85
The north fork of Flodelle Creek drainage basin in northeastern Washington contains the first surficial uranium deposit to be mined in the United States. The uranium was leached from granitic bedrock and fixed in organic-rich pond sediments. The distribution of these pond sediments and, therefore, the uranium has been strongly...
Government Draw Bentonite Beds: a newly identified stratigraphic marker in the Virgin Creek Member of the Pierre Shale, central South Dakota ( USA).
T. C. Nichols Jr., A.F. Chleborad, D. S. Collins
1987, Mountain Geologist (24) 77-80
A grouping of four bentonite beds, herein named the Government Draw Bentonite Beds, is identified as a stratigraphic marker within the Virgin Creek Member of the Pierre Shale. The beds are found west of Pierre, South Dakota, over an area of at least 130 mi2 (210 km2) where no other...
A review of light-scattering techniques for the study of colloids in natural waters
T.F. Rees
1987, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (1) 425-439
In order to understand the movement of colloidal materials in natural waters, we first need to have a means of quantifying their physical characteristics. This paper reviews three techniques which utilize light-scattering phenomena to measure the translational diffusion coefficient, the rotational...
