A model of the productivity of the mallard duck
Douglas H. Johnson, Donald W. Sparling, Lewis M. Cowardin
1987, Ecological Modelling (38) 257-275
This paper describes a stochastic computer model that simulates recruitment of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) under different habitat conditions and management scenarios. The model incorporates several environmental phenomena and biological relations that affect mallard recruitment. Major events include arrival of mallards in the spring, daily survival of hens, initiation of...
Thermal and dissolved oxygen characteristics of a South Carolina cooling reservoir
James L. Oliver, Patrick L. Hudson
1987, Water Resources Bulletin (23) 257-269
Temperature and dissolved oxygen concentrations were measured monthly from January 1971 to December 1982 at 1-m depth intervals at 13 stations in Keowee Reservoir in order to characterize spatial and temporal changes associated with operation of the Oconee Nuclear Station. The reservoir water column was i to 4°C warmer in...
Use of no-till winter wheat by nesting ducks in North Dakota
Harold F. Duebbert, H.A. Kantrud
1987, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (42) 50-53
Nesting of dabbling ducks (Anatinae) was studied in fields of no-till winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) in the prairie pothole region of North Dakota during 1984 and 1985. Total area of 59 fields searched in 1984 was 1,135 ha and total area of 70 fields searched in 1985 was 1,175 ha....
The role of stand history in assessing forest impacts
V.H. Dale, T.W. Doyle
1987, Environmental Management (11) 351-357
Air pollution, harvesting practices, and natural disturbances can affect the growth of trees and forest development. To make predictions about anthropogenic impacts on forests, we need to understand how these factors affect tree growth. In this study the effect of disturbance history on tree growth and stand structure was examined...
Feeding ecology of northern pintails and green-winged teal wintering in California
Ned H. Euliss Jr., Stanley W. Harris
1987, Journal of Wildlife Management (51) 724-732
The feeding ecology of northern pintails (Anas acuta) and green-winged teal (A. crecca) was examined from October through February 1979-81 in 4 major seasonal marsh types in the Central Valley, California. The esophagi of 262 pintails contained 72.3% plant seeds and 27.7% animal matter. The esophagi of 173 green-winged teal...
Fall and winter foods of northern pintails in the Sacramento Valley, California
Michael R. Miller
1987, Journal of Wildlife Management (51) 405-414
Food habits of northern pintails (Anas acuta) were investigated on 3 national wildlife refuges in the western portion of the Sacramento Valley, California, from August to March 1979-82. Pintails consumed 97% (aggregate % dry wt) plant food during diurnal foraging on national wildlife refuge rice, summer-irrigated, and summer-dry habitats from...
Recent geologic history of lake Atitlán, a caldera lake in western Guatemala
C. G. Newhall, C. K. Paull, J.P. Bradbury, A. Higuera-Gundy, L. J. Poppe, S. Self, Sharpless N. Bonar, J. Ziagos
1987, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (33) 81-107
Lake Atitlán, a caldera lake in western Guatemala, was investigated for evidence of recent volcanic and tectonic activity. No vents, faults, or folds are apparent on high-resolution seismic reflection profiles of lake sediment, representing at least 17,500 years and probably more than 35,000 years of deposition. Three post-caldera stratovolcanoes...
Organochlorine contaminants and reproductive success of black skimmers in south Texas, 1984
Thomas W. Custer, Christine A. Mitchell
1987, Journal of Field Ornithology (58) 480-489
Ninety-four Black Skimmer (Rhynchops niger) nests on a dredged-material island colony near Laguna Vista, Texas, were fenced and monitored in 1984 from early incubation until 21 d after the last egg hatched. The daily probability of success was greater during the nestling (99.7%/d/nest) period than during the incubation (98.5%) or...
Nongame bird communities on managed grasslands in North Dakota
Rochelle B. Renken, James J. Dinsmore
1987, Canadian Field-Naturalist (101) 551-557
Grazed native prairie, unmanipulated native prairie, and planted alfalfa-wheatgrass habitats each supported prairie bird species unique to that habitat type. Comparisons of the three habitats, using community coefficients and overlap indices, showed that grazed and alfalfa-wheatgrass habitats supported the most dissimilar or unique bird communities. All three habitat types, or...
Effect of brief navigation-related dewaterings on fish eggs and larvae
L. E. Holland
1987, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (7) 145-147
Short-term dewatering of nearshore spawning areas often occurs during passage of commercial tows in the upper Mississippi River as well as in other navigated river systems. This phenomenon was examined experimentally to identify potential effects on survival of fish eggs and larvae. Early life stages of walleyes (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum)...
Estimates of plasma, packed cell and total blood volume in tissues of the rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri)
W.H. Gingerich, R.A. Pityer, J.J. Rach
1987, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Physiology (87A) 251-256
1. Total blood volume and relative blood volumes in selected tissues were determined in non-anesthetized, confined rainbow trout by using 51Cr-labelled trout erythrocytes as a vascular space marker.2. Mean total blood volume was estimated to be 4.09 ± 0.55 ml/100 g, or about 75% of that estimated with the commonly...
Assessing the bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediments by fish and other aquatic organisms
Wayne A. Willford, Michael J. Mac, Robert J. Hesselberg
1987, Hydrobiologia (149) 107-111
Contaminated sediments that are not acutely toxic to aquatic organisms but contain bioaccumulable toxic substances present a common, yet poorly understood problem for regulatory decision makers. In order to recommend options to minimize bioaccumulation of these toxic substances, decisionmakers need estimates of 1. which substances are available for accumulation by...
Recent changes in Lake Michigan's fish community and their probable causes, with emphasis on the role of the alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
Gary W. Eck, LaRue Wells
1987, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (44) 53-60
Deepwater ciscoes (Coregonus spp.) or "chubs" of Lake Michigan far surpassed those of Lake Huron in yield, population density, and resilience following severe depletion in the 1960s and 1970s, when the bloater (C. hoyi) composed more than 90% of the stocks. The population decline of bloaters in recent decades was mainly attributed...
Dispersal of three strains of hatchery-reared lake trout in Lake Ontario
Joseph H. Elrod
1987, Journal of Great Lakes Research (13) 157-167
Rates of dispersal and resultant geographical distributions were determined for three strains of hatchery-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) stocked at six sites in U.S. waters of Lake Ontario. The strains were Lake Superior (SUP); Clearwater Lake, Manitoba (CWL); and Seneca Lake,...
Seasonal bathythermal distribution of juvenile lake trout in Lake Ontario
Joseph H. Elrod, Clifford P. Schneider
1987, Journal of Great Lakes Research (13) 121-134
Bathythermal distributions of hatchery-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of three genetic strains (Lake Superior; Clearwater Lake, Manitoba; and Seneca Lake, New York) were described from catches with bottom trawls in Lake Ontario during April-May, June, July-August, and October, 1978–1984. This work was part of a program to evaluate post-stocking performance...
Yield and dynamics of destabilized chub (Coregonus spp.) populations in Lakes Michigan and Huron, 1950-84
Edward H. Brown Jr., Ray L. Argyle, N. Robert Payne, Mark E. Holey
1987, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (44) 371-383
Deepwater ciscoes (Coregonus spp.) or 'chubs' of Lake Michigan far surpassed those of Lake Huron in yield, population density, and resilience following severe depletion in the 1960s and 1970s, when the bloater (C. hoyi) composed more than 90% of the stocks. The population decline of bloaters in recent decades was...
Meeting future information needs for Great Lakes fisheries management
W.J. Christie, John J. Collins, Gary W. Eck, Chris I. Goddard, John M. Hoenig, Mark Holey, Lawrence D. Jacobson, Wayne MacCallum, Stephen J. Nepszy, Robert O’Gorman, James Selgeby
1987, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (44) 439-447
Description of information needs for management of Great Lakes fisheries is complicated by recent changes in biology and management of the Great Lakes, development of new analytical methodologies, and a transition in management from a traditional unispecies approach to a multispecies/community approach. A number of general problems with the collection...
Endocrine events associated with spawning behavior in the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus)
Jane E. Linville, Lee H. Hanson, Stacia A. Sower
1987, Hormones and Behavior (21) 105-117
Levels of estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were determined in plasma of sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) undergoing certain behaviors associated with spawning in natural and artifical stream environments. Significantly higher levels of estradiol, progesterone, and testosterone were found in males than in females. In the artifical spawning channel, levels of estradiol...
Partitioning potential fish yields from the Great Lakes
D.H. Loftus, C.H. Olver, Edward H. Brown, P.J. Colby, Wilbur L. Hartman, D.H. Schupp
1987, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (44) 417-424
We proposed and implemented procedures for partitioning future fish yields from the Great Lakes into taxonomic components. These projections are intended as guidelines for Great Lakes resource managers and scientists. Attainment of projected yields depends on restoration of stable fish communities containing some large piscivores that will use prey efficiently,...
Lake Superior revisited 1984
Wayne R. MacCallum, James H. Selgeby
1987, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (44) 23-36
The Lake Superior fish community has changed substantially since the early 1960s, when control of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) became effective. Self-reproducing stocks of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) have been reestablished in many inshore areas, although they have not yet reached pre-sea lamprey abundance; offshore lake trout are probably...
Acid rain stimulation of Lake Michigan phytoplankton growth
Bruce A. Manny, G.L. Fahnenstiel, W.S. Gardner
1987, Journal of Great Lakes Research (13) 218-223
Three laboratory experiments demonstrated that additions of rainwater to epilimnetic lake water collected in southeastern Lake Michigan stimulated chlorophyll a production more than did additions of reagent-grade water during incubations of 12 to 20 d. Chlorophyll a production did not begin until 3–5 d after the rain and lake water were mixed. The stimulation...
Horizontal ichthyoplankton tow-net system with unobstructed net opening
Robert T. Nester
1987, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (7) 148-150
The larval fish sampler described here consists of a modified bridle, frame, and net system with an obstruction-free net opening and is small enough for use on boats 10 m or less in length. The tow net features a square net frame attached to a 0.5-m-diameter cylinder-on-cone plankton net...
Visual observations of historical lake trout spawning grounds in western Lake Huron
Robert T. Nester, Thomas P. Poe
1987, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (7) 418-424
Direct underwater video observations were made of the bottom substrates at 12 spawning grounds formerly used by lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in western Lake Huron to evaluate their present suitability for successful reproduction by lake trout. Nine locations examined north of Saginaw Bay in the northwestern end of the lake...
Acute bioassays and hazard evaluation of representative contaminants detected in Great Lakes fish
Dora R. May Passino, Stephen B. Smith
1987, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (6) 901-907
We have provided a hazard ranking for 19 classes of compounds representing many of the nearly 500 organic compounds identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) and walleye (Stizostedion vitreum vitreum) from the Great Lakes and Lake St. Clair. We initially made a provisional hazard ranking based...
Effects of freezing in and out of water on length and weight of Lake Michigan bloaters
Richard E. Sayers
1987, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (7) 299-301
The purpose of this study was to determine if freezing significantly alters the length or weight of bloaters Coregonus hoyi. Bloaters were collected from southern Lake Michigan and were frozen for periods of 2-200 d. Freezing in water caused a significant decrease in length and a significant increase in weight....
