Dissolved sulfides in the oxic water column of San Francisco Bay, California
J.S. Kuwabara, G.W. Luther
1993, Estuaries (16) 567-573
Trace contaminants enter major estuaries such as San Francisco Bay from a variety of point and nonpoint sources and may then be repartitioned between solid and aqueous phases or altered in chemical speciation. Chemical speciation affects the bioavailability of metals as well as organic ligands to planktonic and benthic organisms,...
Geophysical characteristics of the hydrothermal systems of Kilauea volcano, Hawaii
J. Kauahikaua
1993, Geothermics (22) 271-299
Clues to the overall structure of Kilauea volcano can be obtained from spatial studies of gravity, magnetic, and seismic velocity variations. The rift zones and summit are underlain by dense, magnetic, high P-wave-velocity rocks at depths of about 2 km less. The gravity and seismic velocity studies indicate that the...
Non-parametric trend analysis of water quality data of rivers in Kansas
Y.-S. Yu, S. Zou, D. Whittemore
1993, Journal of Hydrology (150) 61-80
Surface water quality data for 15 sampling stations in the Arkansas, Verdigris, Neosho, and Walnut river basins inside the state of Kansas were analyzed to detect trends (or lack of trends) in 17 major constituents by using four different non-parametric methods. The results show that concentrations of specific conductance, total...
Distribution and significance of dicarboxylic acid anions in oil field waters
Y.K. Kharaka, G. Ambats, J.J. Thordsen
1993, Chemical Geology (107) 499-501
No abstract available....
Hydrologic, chemical, and isotopic characterization of two small watersheds on Catoctin Mountain, north-central Maryland, U.S.A.
Karen C. Rice, O.P. Bricker
1993, Chemical Geology (107) 319-321
Two small (100 ha) watersheds located on Catoctin Mountain in north-central Maryland were intensively instrumented in 1990 and have been hydrologically, chemically, and isotopically monitored for 3 years. Dissolved concentrations of major ions (Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, K+, total AI, CI-, NO3-, SO42- , HCO3-, and SiO2) and stable isotopic (D...
Management and analysis of water-use data using a geographic information system
K. E. Juracek, J. F. Kenny
1993, Water Resources Bulletin (29) 973-979
As part of its mission, the U.S. Geological Survey conducts water-resources research. Site-specific and aggregate water-use data are used in the Survey's National Water-Use Information Program and in various hydrologic investigations. Both types of activities have specific requirements in terms of water-use data access, analysis, and display. In Kansas, the...
Analysis of flow in an observation well intersecting a single fracture
P.A. Lapcevic, K.S. Novakowski, Frederick L. Paillet
1993, Journal of Hydrology (151) 229-239
A semi-analytical model is developed to determine transmissivity and storativity from the interpretation of transient flow in an observation well due to pumping in a source well where the two wells are connected by a single fracture. Flow rate can be determined using a heat-pulse flowmeter located above the intersection...
Crude oil in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer-II. Organic geochemistry
R.P. Eganhouse, M.J. Baedecker, I.M. Cozzarelli, G. R. Aiken, K. A. Thorn, T.F. Dorsey
1993, Applied Geochemistry (8) 551-567
Crude oil spilled from a pipeline break in a remote area of north-central Minnesota has contaminated a shallow glacial outwash aquifer. Part of the oil was sprayed over a large area to the west of the pipeline and part of it accumulated...
Coupling solid-phase extraction and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for ultratrace determination of herbicides in pristine water
D.S. Aga, E.M. Thurman
1993, Analytical Chemistry (65) 2894-2898
No abstract available....
A brief history of the American radium industry and its ties to the scientific community of its early twentieth century
E. R. Landa
1993, Environment International (19) 503-508
Federally funded remedial action projects are presently underway in New Jersey and Colorado at sites containing 226Ra and other radionuclides from radium-uranium ore extraction plants that operated during the early twentieth century. They are but the latest chapter in the story of an American industry that emerged and perished in...
Prediction by regression and intrarange data scatter in surface-process studies
T.J. Toy, W. R. Osterkamp, K.G. Renard
1993, Environmental Geology (22) 121-128
Modeling is a major component of contemporary earth science, and regression analysis occupies a central position in the parameterization, calibration, and validation of geomorphic and hydrologic models. Although this methodology can be used in many ways, we are primarily concerned with the prediction of values for one variable from another...
Using borehole geophysics and cross-borehole flow testing to define hydraulic connections between fracture zones in bedrock aquifers
Frederick L. Paillet
1993, Journal of Applied Geophysics (30) 261-279
Nearly a decade of intensive geophysical logging at fractured rock hydrology research sites indicates that geophysical logs can be used to identify and characterize fractures intersecting boreholes. However, borehole-to-borehole flow tests indicate that only a few of the apparently open fractures found to intersect boreholes conduct flow under test conditions....
Crude oil in a shallow sand and gravel aquifer—I. Hydrogeology and inorganic geochemistry
P.C. Bennett, D.E. Siegel, M.J. Baedecker, M. F. Hult
1993, Applied Geochemistry (8) 529-549
Changes in the distribution of inorganic solutes in a shallow ground water contaminated by crude oil document a series of geochemical reactions initiated by biodegradation of the oil. Upgradient of an oil body floating on the water table, oxidation of oil to carbonic acid dissolves carbonate minerals in the aquifer...
Model for humus in soils and sediments
R.L. Wershaw
1993, Environmental Science & Technology (27) 814-816
No abstract available....
Effects of climate change on drought risks in the Apalachicola, Chattahoochee, and Flint River basin
Gary D. Tasker
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Symposium on Engineering Hydrology
Possible effects of climate change on the Apalachicola-Chattahoochee-Flint (ACF) River basin is simulated with a computer model. Model inputs are monthly temperature and precipitation that simulate several possible climate change scenarios. Preliminary results for climate scenarios based on output for three popular general circulation models indicate that lower flows will...
Patterns of hydrological exchange and nutrient transformation in the hyporheic zone of a gravel-bottom stream: examining terrestrial- aquatic linkages
F.J. Triska, J.H. Duff, R.J. Avanzino
1993, Freshwater Biology (29) 259-274
The terrestrial-aquatic interface beneath a riparian corridor was investigated as a region of hydrological and biological control of nutrient flux. Dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration in the hyporheic zone ranged from <1.0 to 9.5 mg l-1 due to permeability variations in bankside sediments. DO concentration was related to the proportion of...
Effects of climatic variations over 11 years on nitrate-nitrogen concentrations in the Raccoon River, Iowa
K.J. Lucey, D. A. Goolsby
1993, Journal of Environmental Quality (22) 38-46
Nitrate-nitrogen (NO3-N) concentrations at public water supply intakes on the Des Moines and Raccoon Rivers in Iowa exceeded the maximum contaminant level (MCL) of 10 mg L-1 for public water supplies established by the USEPA for extended periods of time from March through early August 1990. The excessive NO3-N levels...
Simulation of changes in storm-runoff characteristics, Perris Valley, California
Joel R. Guay
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Symposium on Engineering Hydrology
The population of Perris Valley, California, has increased from about 20,000 in 1970 to more than 130,000 in 1992. Increased urbanization in Perris Valley since 1970 has produced appreciable changes in storm-runoff characteristics. Additional impervious area has resulted in increased storm-runoff volumes and peak discharges. Few studies have documented the...
Automated solid-phase extraction of herbicides from water for gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis
M. T. Meyer, M. S. Mills, E.M. Thurman
1993, Journal of Chromatography A (629) 55-59
An automated solid-phase extraction (SPE) method was developed for the pre-concentration of chloroacetanilide and triazine herbicides, and two triazine metabolites from 100-ml water samples. Breakthrough experiments for the C18 SPE cartridge show that the two triazine metabolites are not fully retained and that increasing...
The role of permafrost and seasonal frost in the hydrology of northern wetlands in North America
M.-K. Woo, Thomas C. Winter
1993, Journal of Hydrology (141) 5-31
Wetlands are a common landscape feature in the Arctic, Subarctic, and north Temperate zones of North America. In all three-zones, the occurrnce of seasonal frost results in similar surface-water processes in the early spring. For example, surface ice and snow generally melt before the soil frost thaws, causing melt water...
Temporal and spatial patterns of wetland sedimentation, West Tennessee
C.R. Hupp, D.E. Bazemore
1993, Journal of Hydrology (141) 179-196
Dendrogeomorphic techniques were used to describe and interpret patterns of sedimentation rates at two forested wetland sites in West Tennessee. Fifty-five sampling stations were established along transects upstream and downstream from bridge structures, and 515 trees were examined for depth of sediment accretion and cored for age determination. Temporal variation...
Potential problem with mean dimensionless hydrographs at ungaged sites
Kenneth L. Wahl, James G. Rankl
1993, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the Symposium on Engineering Hydrology
A flood hydrograph for an ungaged stream site can be estimated from a mean dimensionless hydrograph and estimates of instantaneous peak discharge (Q) and total storm runoff volume (V). However, the time base of the resulting flood hydrograph can be inversely related to the magnitude of the peak discharge if...
Isolation and chemical characterization of dissolved and colloidal organic matter
G. Aiken, J. Leenheer
1993, Chemistry and Ecology (8) 135-151
Commonly used techniques for the concentration and isolation of organic matter from water, such as preparative chromatography, ultrafiltration and reverse osmosis, and the methods used to analyze the organic matter obtained by these methods are reviewed. The development of methods to obtain organic matter that is associated with fractions of...
Stable isotope enrichment in paleowaters of the southeast Atlantic coastal plain, United States
Niel Plummer
1993, Science (262) 2016-2020
Paleowaters from the Floridan aquifer system in the southeastern Atlantic coastal plain have higher D/H and 18O/16O ratios than local Holocene ground water. Maximum...
Atrazine degradation in a small stream in Iowa
D.W. Kolpin, S. J. Kalkhoff
1993, Environmental Science & Technology (27) 134-139
A study was conducted during 1990 through an 11.2-km reach of Roberts Creek in northeastern Iowa to determine the fate of atrazine in a surface water environment Water samples were collected at ~1-month intervals from April through November during stable low to medium flow conditions and analyzed for atrazine and...
