Making maps with computers
S.C. Guptill, L.E. Starr
1988, American Scientist (76) 136-142
Soon after their introduction in the 1950s, digital computers were used for various phases of the mapping process, especially for trigonometric calculations of survey data and for orientation of aerial photographs on map manuscripts. In addition, computer-controlled plotters were used to draw simple outline maps. The process of collecting data...
Submarine topography of northeastern Papua New Guinea
Thomas E. Chase, Barbara A. Seekins, J. D. Young, Shawn V. Dadisman
1988, Book chapter, Geology and offshore resources of Pacific Island Arcs: New Ireland and Manus region, Papua New Guinea
No abstract available...
[Book reviews] The Science of Allelopathy, edited by A. R. Putnam and C. Tang; Allelopathy, by E .L. Rice
Jon E. Keeley
1988, Ecology (69) 292-293
Review of: Putnam, Alan R., and Chung-Shih Tang (eds.). 1986. The science of allelopathy. Wiley-Interscience Publications, John Wiley and Sons, New York. xi + 317 p. $52.50. Rice, Elroy L. 1984. Allelopathy. Second Edition. Academic Press, New York. xi + 422 p. $71.00....
Control of nuisance populations of crayfish with traps and toxicants
T.D. Bills, L. L. Marking
1988, Progressive Fish-Culturist (50) 103-106
Crayfish have long been a nuisance in fishrearing ponds at fish hatcheries. The rusty crayfish (Orconectes rusticus) has displaced endemic species and caused serious declines of aquatic plants in some ponds and lakes in the midwestern USA. We attempted to evaluate the effect of intensive trapping on a crayfish population...
Habitat islands and the equilibrium theory of island biogeography: testing some predictions
M. Brown, J.J. Dinsmore
1988, Oecologia (75) 426-429
Species-area data from a study of marsh birds are used to test five predictions generated by the equilibrium theory of island biogeography. Three predictions are supported: we found a significant species-area relationship, a non-zero level of turnover, and a variance-mean ratio of 0.5. One prediction is rejected: the extinction rates...
Environmental impacts and regulatory policy. Implications of spray disposal of dredged material in Louisiana wetlands
Donald R. Cahoon, J.H. Cowan Jr.
1988, Coastal Management (16) 341-362
The capabilities of a new wetland dredging technology were assessed along with associated newly developed state and federal regulatory policies to determine if policy expectations realistically match the technological achievement. Current regulatory practices require amelioration of spoil bank impacts upon abandonment of an oil/gas well, but this may not occur...
The Land Analysis System (LAS) for multispectral image processing
S. W. Wharton, Y. C. Lu, Bruce K. Quirk, Lyndon R. Oleson, J. A. Newcomer, Frederick M. Irani
1988, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing (26) 693-697
The Land Analysis System (LAS) is an interactive software system available in the public domain for the analysis, display, and management of multispectral and other digital image data. LAS provides over 240 applications functions and utilities, a flexible user interface, complete online and hard-copy documentation, extensive image-data file management, reformatting,...
Deformation in the Yakataga seismic gap, Southern Alaska, 1980-1986
J.C. Savage, M. Lisowski
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4731-4744
A 60-by-40-km trilateration network in the Yakataga seismic gap was surveyed in 1980, 1982, 1984, and 1986 with precise electro-optical distance-measuring equipment to measure strain accumulation. The overall deformation is roughly approximated by a 0.24±0.03 µstrain/yr N32°W±2.4° uniaxial contraction that is uniform in time. However, the spatial distribution of deformation...
Carbonate to siliciclastic periplatform sediments: southwest Florida
Charles W. Holmes
1988, Developments in Sedimentology (42) 271-287
Three distinct carbonate deposits have been identified on the slope and adjacent sea floor of the southwestern Florida Platform: (1) reef talus, recognized by shape and location, found on the upper slope of the Yucatan Channel and also east of the Marquesas Keys; (2) hemipelagic sediments, with complex sigmoid-oblique...
Volcanology in Hawaii
R. Decker, B. Decker
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 4-30
Polynesians who first inhabited the Hawaiian Islands told in legend about Pele, Goddess of volcanic fires, who migrated from the Island of Kauai to Oahu, then to Maui, and finally to her present home in Kilauea Volcano's Halemaumau Crater on the Island of Hawaii. Geologists today accept this same relative...
Earthquakes, May-June 1988
W. J. Person
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 196-198
There were no major earthquakes during the months of May and June. Only one earthquake-related death was reported; this occurred on June 20 in the Philippine Islands. In the United States, three moderate earthquakes were expereinced in California but none crashed deaths or injuries. ...
What is worse than the “big one”?
R. A. Kerr
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 213-218
The Whittier Narrows California earthquake sequence (local magnitude, Ml=5.9 or 1 October, 1987), which caused over $358 million damage, indicates that assessments of earthquake hazards in Los Angeles metropolitan area may be underestimated. the sequence ruptured a previously unidentified thrust fault that may be part of a large system of...
Assessing the earthquake hazards in urban areas
W. W. Hays, P. L. Gori, W. J. Kockelman
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 208-212
Major urban areas in widely scattered geographic locations across the United States are a t varying degrees of risk from earthquakes. the locations of these urban areas include Charleston, South Carolina; Memphis Tennessee; St.Louis, Missouri; Salt Lake City, Utah; Seattle-Tacoma, Washington; Portland, Oregon; and Anchorage, Alaska; even Boston, Massachusetts, and...
Earthquakes, March-April 1988
W. J. Person
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 167-171
There were two major earthquakes (7.0-7.9) during this reporting period. the first, a magnitude 7.6, was centered in the Gulf of Alaska on March 6 and the second, a magnitude 7.0, occurred near the coast of southern Peru on April 12. In the United States, the largest earthquake was the magnitude...
Radarclinometry: Bootstrapping the radar reflectance function from the image pixel-signal frequency distribution and an altimetry profile
R.L. Wildey
1988, Earth, Moon and Planets (41) 223-240
A method is derived for determining the dependence of radar backscatter on incidence angle that is applicable to the region corresponding to a particular radar image. The method is based on enforcing mathematical consistency between the frequency distribution of the image's pixel signals (histogram of DN values with suitable normalizations)...
Selenium in the Kendrick recalamation project, Wyoming
David A. Peterson
1988, Conference Paper
Elevated concentrations of selenium in water, bottom sediment, and biota were noted during a reconnaissance investigation of the Kendrick Reclamation Project in central Wyoming. Dissolved-selenium concentrations in 11 of 24 samples of surface or ground water exceeded the national drinking-water standard of 10 micrograms per liter. Bottom-sediment samples contained concentrations...
A climatic-limnologic model of diatom succession for paleolimnological interpretation of varved sediments at Elk Lake, Minnesota
Bradbury J. Platt
1988, Journal of Paleolimnology (1) 115-131
Sediment traps placed in the profundal region of Elk Lake, north central Minnesota during the 1979 spring and 1983-84 fall and spring seasons monitored seasonal diatom production for two climatically distinctive periods. The spring of 1979 was one of the coldest and wettest on record. Ice out at Elk Lake...
The global distribution, abundance, and stability of SO2 on Io
A. S. McEwen, T. V. Johnson, D. L. Matson, L.A. Soderblom
1988, Icarus (75) 450-478
Sulfur dioxide distribution and abundances, bolometric hemispheric albedos, and passive surface temperatures on Io are modeled and mapped globally from Voyager multispectral mosaics, Earth-based spectra, and photometric descriptions. Photometric models indicate global average values for regolith porosity of 75-95% and macroscopic roughness with a mean slope angle of ~30??. Abundances...
Conductive heat flux in VC-1 and the thermal regime of Valles caldera, Jemez Mountains, New Mexico
J.H. Sass, P. Morgan
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 6027-6039
Over 5% of heat in the western United States is lost through Quaternary silicic volcanic centers, including the Valles caldera in north central New Mexico. These centers are the sites of major hydrothermal activity and upper crustal metamorphism, metasomatism, and mineralization, producing associated geothermal resources. We present new heat flow...
Pb, Nd, and Sr isotopic evidence for a multicomponent source for rocks of Cook-Austral Islands and heterogeneities of mantle plumes
Y. Nakamura, M. Tatsumoto
1988, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (52) 2909-2924
Sr, Nd, and Pb isotopic compositions were measured in alkaline volcanic rocks (alkali basalt, ankaramite, nephelinite, phonolite, and trachyte) from the South Cook Islands (Aitutaki, Mauke, Rarotonga, Atiu, and Mangaia) and the Austral Islands (Rimatara and Rurutu). The results show that the Cook-Austral rocks have an extremely wide range in...
Variation of depth to the brittle-ductile transition due to cooling of a midcrustal intrusion
M. E. Gettings
1988, Geophysical Research Letters (15) 213-216
The depth to the brittle-ductile transition in the crust is often defined by the intersection of a shear resistance relation in the brittle upper crust that increases linearly with depth and a power law relation for ductile flow in the lower crust that depends strongly on...
Three decades of geochronologic studies in the New England Appalachians
R. E. Zartman
1988, Geological Society of America Bulletin (100) 1168-1180
Over the past 30 years, both isotope geochronology and plate tectonics grew from infancy into authoritative disciplines in the geological sciences. Previously, mountain systems like the Appalachians had been viewed almost entirely in the context of the classical geosyncline, implying a gradualism in stratigraphic and structural change throughout the orogen....
Geohydrology and mathematical simulation of the Pajaro Valley aquifer system, Santa Cruz and Monterey Counties, California
M. J. Johnson, C.J. Londquist, Julie Laudon, H. T. Mitten
1988, Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4281
Groundwater development has resulted in lowered water levels and seawater intrusion in the Pajaro Valley, California. An investigation was undertaken to describe the geohydrology of the groundwater flow system and to evaluate the response of the system to pumping stresses by using a mathematical model. The aquifer system consists of...
On seismically induced pore pressure and settlement
Albert T.F. Chen
1988, Conference Paper, Geotechnical Special Publication
Two different approaches are used to estimate pore pressures and settlement in a 50-ft (15.2-m) sand deposit subjected to a variety of earthquake loadings. Although the two approaches seem consistent in predicting the occurrence of liquefaction, the results show that they are quite divergent in estimating pore-pressure build-ups and magnitude...
A BASIC program for locating references cited in geoscience manuscripts
Daniel O. Hayba
1988, Computers & Geosciences (14) 131-134
[No abstract available]...
