Character, origin and occurrence of natural gases in the Anadarko basin, southwestern Kansas, western Oklahoma and Texas Panhandle, U.S.A.
D. D. Rice, C. N. Threlkeld, A.K. Vuletich
1988, Chemical Geology (71) 149-157
Natural gas production in the Anadarko basin comes from three geographically separated areas that can be differentiated by age of reservoir and by inferred nature of organic, thermal origin of the gases. In the central basin, non-associated gases are produced mainly from Upper Mississippian and Pennsylvanian sandstones. Gas samples are...
Methane hydrate - A major reservoir of carbon in the shallow geosphere?
K.A. Kvenvolden
1988, Chemical Geology (71) 41-51
Methane hydrates are solids composed of rigid cages of water molecules that enclose methane. Sediment containing methane hydrates is found within specific pressure-temperature conditions that occur in regions of permafrost and beneath the sea in outer continental margins. Because methane hydrates are globally widespread and concentrate methane within the gas-hydrate...
Characteristics of gold deposits in northern Sonora, Mexico: A preliminary report
M.L. Silberman, D.A. Giles, C. Graubard
1988, Economic Geology (83) 1966-1974
No abstract available....
Geochemistry of groundwater in tertiary and cretaceous sediments of the southeastern Coastal Plain in eastern Georgia, South Carolina, and southeastern North Carolina
Roger W. Lee, Donald J. Strickland
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 291-303
Geochemical samples of groundwater taken along hydrologic flow paths in eastern Georgia, South Carolina, and southeastern North Carolina, from noncalcareous sand aquifers, largely of Cretaceous age, are dominated by sodium and bicarbonate ions. Calcareous sand aquifers, largely of Tertiary age, contain water whose chemistry is dominated by calcium and bicarbonate...
On-line estimation of nonlinear physical systems
G. Christakos
1988, Mathematical Geology (20) 111-133
Recursive algorithms for estimating states of nonlinear physical systems are presented. Orthogonality properties are rediscovered and the associated polynomials are used to linearize state and observation models of the underlying random processes. This requires some key hypotheses regarding the structure of these processes, which may then take account of a...
Comprehensive method of characteristics models for flow simulation
Chintu Lai
1988, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (114) 1074-1097
The use of the specified time interval (STI) numerical schemes has been popular in applying the method of characteristics (MOC) to unsteady open‐channel flow problems. Studies and analyses of several variants of the STI schemes have led to the derivation of a new scheme, referred to herein as the multimode...
A finite element model for tides and currents with field applications
Roy A. Walters
1988, Communications in Applied Numerical Methods (4) 401-411
A finite element model, based upon the shallow water equations, is used to calculate tidal amplitudes and currents for two field-scale test problems. Because tides are characterized by line spectra, the governing equations are subjected to harmonic decomposition. Thus the solution variables are the real and imaginary parts of the...
The Whittier Narrows, California earthquake of October 1, 1987: Preliminary assessment of strong ground motion records
A. G. Brady, E. C. Etheredge, R. L. Porcella
1988, Earthquake Spectra (4) 55-74
More than 250 strong-motion accelerograph stations were triggered by the Whittier Narrows, California, earthquake of 1 October 1987. Considering the number of multichannel structural stations in the area of strong shaking, this set of records is one of the more significant in history. Three networks, operated by the U.S. Geological...
Newly discovered sedimentary rock-hosted disseminated gold deposits in the People's Republic of China
Charles G. Cunningham, Roger P. Ashley, I. #NAME? Chou, Huang Zushu, Wan Chaoyuan, Li Wenkang
1988, Economic Geology (83) 1462-1467
Five deposits discovered in Guizhou Province, Yata, Getang, Sanchahe, Ceyang, and Banqi are described for the first time in Western literature. The deposits have geologic features and geochemical signatures that are remarkably similar to those of sedimentary rock-hosted precious metal deposits in the United States. The sizes of the deposits...
Late Wisconsinan-Holocene paleogeography of Delaware Bay; a large coastal plain estuary
H.J. Knebel, C.H. Fletcher III, J.C. Kraft
1988, Marine Geology (83) 115-133
Analyses of an extensive grid of seismic reflection profiles along with previously published core data and modern sedimentary environment information from surrounding coastal areas permit an outline of the paleogeography of the large Delaware Bay estuary during the last transgression of sea level. During late Wisconsinan times, the Delaware River...
Effect of submersed aquatic macrophytes on resource partitioning in yearling rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris) and pumpkinseeds (Lepomis gibbosus) in Lake St. Clair
John R. P. French III
1988, Journal of Great Lakes Research (14) 291-300
Yearling rock bass (Ambloplites rupestris), pumpkinseeds (Lepomis gibbosus), macroinvertebrates, and submersed aquatic plants were sampled at 2- or 3-week intervals from June to October 1979 in a shallow, heavily vegetated embayment in Lake St. Clair to determine whether seasonal changes in plant canopy and plant taxonomic composition affected resource partitioning...
The stress heat-flow paradox and thermal results from Cajon Pass
A.H. Lachenbruch, J.H. Sass
1988, Geophysical Research Letters (15) 981-984
Conventional friction models predict a substantial thermal anomaly associated with active traces of strike-slip faults, but no such anomaly is observed from over 100 heat-flow determinations along 1,000 km of the San Andreas fault. The Cajon Pass well is being drilled to bring deep heat-flow and...
Acute toxicity of Daphnia pulex to six classes of chemical compounds potentially hazardous to Great Lakes aquatic biota
Stephen B. Smith, Jacqueline F. Savino, Marc A. Blouin
1988, Journal of Great Lakes Research (14) 394-404
Of the six classes of chemicals potentially hazardous to Great Lakes aquatic biota, derivatives of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were the most acutely toxic (48-h EC 50) to Daphnia pulex. The other classes, listed in order of decreasing toxicity were alkyl halides, nitrogen-containing compounds, cyclic alkanes, heterocyclic nitrogen compounds, silicon-containing...
Comparative biology of the sculpins of Lake Superior
James H. Selgeby
1988, Journal of Great Lakes Research (14) 44-51
The slimy sculpin (Cottus cognatus), spoonhead sculpin (Cottus ricei), and deepwater sculpin (Myoxocephalus thompsoni) are abundant fishes in Lake Superior. Slimy and spoonhead sculpins occupy a zone from near shore to depths of 210 m but are generally most abundant in waters 50 to 90 m deep. Deepwater sculpins are...
Chemical characterization and mutagenic properties of polycyclic aromatic compounds in sediment from tributaries of the Great Lakes
David L. Fabacher, Christopher J. Schmitt, John M. Besser, Michael J. Mac
1988, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (7) 529-543
Sediments from four inshore industrial sites and a reference site in the Great Lakes were extracted with solvents and characterized chemically for polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs). An aqueous phase and a crude organic extract were obtained. The crude organic extract was further resolved into fractions A-2 (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and...
Kleptoparasitism by bald eagles wintering in south-central Nebraska
Dennis G. Jorde, G.R. Lingle
1988, Journal of Field Ornithology (59) 183-188
Kleptoparasitism on other raptors was one means by which Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) secured food along the North Platte and Platte rivers during the winters of 1978-1980. Species kelptoparasitized were Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis), Red-tailed Hawk (B. jamaicensis), Rough-legged Hawk (B. lagopus), Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), and Bald Eagle. Stealing...
Zonation of mayfly nymphs and caddisfly larvae in the St. Marys River
Donald W. Schloesser
1988, Journal of Great Lakes Research (14) 227-233
Sampling of benthos at 166 stations in the lower two-thirds of the St. Marys River in 1974 and 1975 yielded a total of 9 mayfly and 20 caddisfly genera. Densities of mayflies (primarily the pollution sensitive Hexagenia) ranged from 0 to more than 2,000/m2 and caddisflies (primarily Polycentropus) from 0 to 744/m2 in individual...
Use of aerial photography to inventory aquatic vegetation
Donald W. Schloesser, Charles L. Brown, Bruce A. Manny
1988, Journal of Aerospace Engineering (1) 142-150
This study demonstrates the feasibility of using low-altitude aerial photography to inventory submersed macrophytes in the connecting channels of the Great Lakes. For this purpose, we obtained aerial color transparencies and collateral ground truth information about submersed vegetation at 160 stations within four study sites in the St. Clair and...
List of major natural disasters, 1960-1987
G. Berz
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 226-228
What is worse than the “big one”?
R. A. Kerr
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 213-218
The Whittier Narrows California earthquake sequence (local magnitude, Ml=5.9 or 1 October, 1987), which caused over $358 million damage, indicates that assessments of earthquake hazards in Los Angeles metropolitan area may be underestimated. the sequence ruptured a previously unidentified thrust fault that may be part of a large system of...
Bird damage to sunflower in North Dakota, South Dakota, and Minnesota, 1979-1981
R. L. Hothem, R. W. DeHaven, S.D. Fairaizl
1988, Technical Report 15
No abstract available at this time...
Small Mammal Community of Pinnacles National Monument
Gary M. Fellers, Brian W. Arnold
1988, Technical Report 28
No abstract available at this time...
Simulation of three lahars in the Mount St Helens area, Washington using a one-dimensional, unsteady-state streamflow model
Antonius Laenen, R. P. Hansen
1988, Water-Resources Investigations Report 88-4004
A one-dimensional, unsteady-state, open-channel model was used to analytically reproduce three lahar events. Factors contributing to the success of the modeling were: (1) the lahars were confined to a channel, (2) channel roughness was defined by field information, and (3) the volume of the flow remained relatively unchanged for the...
General solutions For viscoplastic debris flow
Cheng-lung Chen
1988, Journal of Hydraulic Engineering (114) 259-282
Theoretical velocity profile and theoretical pressure and concentration distributions for (steady) uniform debris flow in wide channels are derived from a generalized viscoplastic fluid (GVF) model without imposing R. A. Bagnold's assumption of constant grain concentration. Good agreement between the theoretical velocity profile and the experimental data of Japanese scientists...
Increasing waterfowl production on points and islands by reducing mammalian predation
J. T. Lokemoen, R.W. Schnaderbeck, R.O. Woodward
1988, General Technical Report RM-154
