Garnet compositions and their use as indicators of peraluminous granitoid petrogenesis - southeastern Arabian Shield
du Bray
1988, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (100) 205-212
Garnet, an uncommon accessory mineral in igneous rocks, occurs in seven small peraluminous granitoid plutons in the southeastern Arabian Shield; textural equilibrium between garnet and other host granitoid minerals indicates that the garnets crystallized from their host magmas. Compositions of the garnets form three groups that reflect host-granitoid compositions, which...
Response of well aquifer systems to Earth tides: Problem revisited
Paul A. Hsieh, John D. Bredehoeft, Stuart Rojstaczer
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 468-472
Two recent works cause us to reexamine Bredehoeft's (1967) analysis of earthtide response of water wells. Narasimhan et al. (1984) raise several questions regarding Bredehoeft's (1967) analysis and suggest that the analysis is internally inconsistent. They argue that one cannot directly estimate the specific storage, which characterizes the drained behavior...
A bioassay for production capacity assessment
J. W. Meade
1988, Aquacultural Engineering (7) 139-146
Given sufficient oxygen, fish production can be limited by a multiplicity of factors. Accurate determination of production capacity requires something other than an estimate of the biomass at which ambient un-ionized ammonia will reach a recommended, non-site-specific, maximum safe concentration. A chronic (1- to 2-month) bioassay can be used to...
Subsidence of Puna, Hawaii inferred from sulfur content of drilled lava flows
J.G. Moore, D. M. Thomas
1988, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (35) 165-171
Sulfur was analyzed in more than 200 lava samples from five drill holes located on the east rift zone of Kilauea volcano on the island of Hawaii. The sulfur content is a gage of whether lava was erupted subaerially (low sulfur) or erupted subaqueously (high sulfur). Despite considerable variation, sulfur...
Principal component analysis of geodetically measured deformation in Long Valley caldera, eastern California, 1983-1987
J.C. Savage
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 13297-13305
Typical geodetic measurements of deformation consist of repeated surveys of a particular geodetic network. Such deformation data can be interpreted as a consequence of one or more self-coherent sources by means of principal component analysis. A self-coherent source is defined as any source that produces deformation that is time and...
Volcanic hazards and public response
D. W. Peterson
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (93) 4161-4170
Although scientific understanding of volcanoes is advancing, eruptions continue to take a substantial toll of life and property. Some of these losses could be reduced by better advance preparation, more effective flow of information between scientists and public officials, and better understanding of volcanic behavior by all segments of the...
The Argos seismic data message system
J.S. Derr, R.N. Hunter
1988, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (78) 1000-1005
A reliable, inexpensive method for sending limited daily seismic data messages from remote observatories to the National Earthquake Information Center has been developed for use with the Argos satellite system. Data messages are compressed on a microcomputer and passed automatically to a simple transmitter. About 4 hr later, the data...
Interrelations among pyroclastic surge, pyroclastic flow, and lahars in Smith Creek valley during first minutes of 18 May 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens, USA
S.R. Brantley, R. B. Waitt
1988, Bulletin of Volcanology (50) 304-326
A devastating pyroclastic surge and resultant lahars at Mount St. Helens on 18 May 1980 produced several catastrophic flowages into tributaries on the northeast volcano flank. The tributaries channeled the flows to Smith Creek valley, which lies within the area devastated by the surge but was unaffected by the great...
Infiltration through layered-soil trench covers: Response to an extended period of rainfall
T.H. Larson, D.A. Keefer, K.A. Albrecht, K. Cartwright
1988, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (3) 251-261
Four experimental waste disposal trench covers were constructed to test the effectiveness of layered-soil cover designs in reducing infiltration. Three covers each consisted of a layer of gravel between an overlying wick layer of compacted fine-grained material (either silt or loam)...
Pyrolysis g.c.-m.s. of a series of degraded woods and coalified logs that increase in rank from peat to subbituminous coal
Patrick G. Hatcher, H. E. Lerch III, R. K. Kotra, T.V. Verheyen
1988, Fuel (67) 1069-1075
Xylem tissue from degraded wood and coalified logs or stems was examined by pyrolysis g.c.-m.s. to improve understanding of the coalification process. The pyrolysis data, when combined with solid-state 13C n.m.r. data for the same samples, show several stages of evolution during coalification. The first stage, microbial degradation in peat, involves...
Crustal structure of east central Oregon: Relation between Newberry Volcano and regional crustal structure
R. D. Catchings, Walter D. Mooney
1988, Journal of Geophysical Research (93) 10081-10094
A 180-km-long seismic refraction transect from the eastern High Cascades, across Newberry Volcano, to the eastern High Lava Plains is used to investigate the subvolcanic crustal and upper mantle velocity structure there. Near-surface volcanic flows and sedimentary debris (1.6-4.7 km/s), ranging from 3 to 5 km in thickness, overlie subvolcanic...
Secondary mineralogy of core from geothermal drill hole CTGH-1, High Cascade Range, Oregon
Keith E. Bargar
1988, Conference Paper, Transactions - Geothermal Resources Council
Geothermal drill hole CTGH-1, located near Breitenbush Hot Springs in the Cascade Mountains of northwest Oregon, was drilled to a depth of 1463 m. The maximum reported temperature at the bottom of the drill hole was 96.4??C. The drill core consists predominantly of basalt to basaltic andesite lava flows, tuffs,...
Further comments on sensitivities, parameter estimation, and sampling design in one-dimensional analysis of solute transport in porous media
Debra S. Knopman, Clifford I. Voss
1988, Water Resources Research (24) 225-238
Sensitivities of solute concentration to parameters associated with first-order chemical decay, boundary conditions, initial conditions, and multilayer transport are examined in one-dimensional analytical models of transient solute transport in porous media. A sensitivity is a change in solute concentration resulting from a change in a model parameter. Sensitivity analysis is...
What is worse than the “big one”?
R. A. Kerr
1988, Earthquakes & Volcanoes (USGS) (20) 213-218
The Whittier Narrows California earthquake sequence (local magnitude, Ml=5.9 or 1 October, 1987), which caused over $358 million damage, indicates that assessments of earthquake hazards in Los Angeles metropolitan area may be underestimated. the sequence ruptured a previously unidentified thrust fault that may be part of a large system of...
Kleptoparasitism by bald eagles wintering in south-central Nebraska
Dennis G. Jorde, G.R. Lingle
1988, Journal of Field Ornithology (59) 183-188
Kleptoparasitism on other raptors was one means by which Bald Eagles (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) secured food along the North Platte and Platte rivers during the winters of 1978-1980. Species kelptoparasitized were Ferruginous Hawk (Buteo regalis), Red-tailed Hawk (B. jamaicensis), Rough-legged Hawk (B. lagopus), Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos), and Bald Eagle. Stealing...
Testing for individual variation in breeding success
Scott A. Hatch
1988, The Auk (105) 193-194
I measured the breeding success of Northern Fulmars (Fulmarus glacialis) in 6 consecutive years at a colony in the Semidi Islands, western Gulf of Alaska (56°N, 156°W). I tabulated the frequency distribution of the number of years successful for a sample of 224 nest sites at which breeding occurred in...
Uranium-series age estimates and paleoclimatic significance of Pleistocene tufas from the Lahontan basin, California and Nevada
Y. Lao, L. Benson
1988, Quaternary Research (30) 165-176
An extended chronology of Lahontan basin lake levels based on uranium-series age estimates correlates with the global ice-volume record. Lake highstands occur at or shortly after times of maximum ice-sheet size. Moderate size lakes occur when the global ice volume is about 80% of its maximum. The data indicate that...
The information content of high-frequency seismograms and the near-surface geologic structure of "hard rock" recording sites
E. Cranswick
1988, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (128) 333-363
Due to hardware developments in the last decade, the high-frequency end of the frequency band of seismic waves analyzed for source mechanisms has been extended into the audio-frequency range (>20 Hz). In principle, the short wavelengths corresponding to these frequencies can provide information about the details of seismic sources, but...
Thermal infrared (2.5- to 13.5-µm) directional hemispherical reflectance of leaves
J.W. Salisbury, N.M. Milton
1988, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (54) 1301-1304
Previous biconical reflectance measurements of 13 different plant species have shown that leaves display spectral signatures in the 8- to 14-??m atmospheric window that vary with species. Directional hemispherical reflectance measurements of six species reported here document the absolute magnitude of such spectral features for the first time. If half...
Incidence of black-phase plumage in ferruginous hawks nesting in central North Dakota
P.M. Konrad, D.S. Gilmer
1988, Journal of Raptor Research (22) 92-93
Abstract has not been submitted...
K-Ar chronology of the Luohe iron district, Anhui Province, China
E.H. McKee
1988, Economic Geology (83) 433-435
No abstract available....
Experimental Mycoplasma gallisepticum infections in captive-reared wild turkeys
Tonie E. Rocke, Thomas M. Yuill, Terry E. Amundson
1988, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (24) 528-532
The effects of Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG) infections on egg production, fertility, and hatchability were studied in captive-reared wild turkeys (Meleagris gallopavo). Three groups of adult birds, each consisting of four hens and two toms, were exposed to MG by the respiratory route at the beginning of their breeding season. Fourteen control birds...
Photolysis of rhodamine-WT dye
D. Y. Tai, R. E. Rathbun
1988, Chemosphere (17) 559-573
Photolysis of rhodamine-WT dye under natural sunlight conditions was determined by measuring the loss of fluorescence as a function of time. Rate coefficients at 30° north latitude ranged from 4.77 × 10−2 day−1 for summer to 3.16 × 10−2 day−2 for winter. Experimental coefficients were in good agreement with values calculated using a laboratory-determined...
Toxicity of six heterocyclic nitrogen compounds to Daphnia pulex
Cynthia M. Perry, Stephen B. Smith
1988, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (41) 604-608
We determined the relative toxicities to the aquatic crustacean Daphniz pulex of six heterocyclic nitrogen compunds. These compounds were selected because they were detected in lake trout or walleyes and were commercially available. Stress to the daphnid populations may affect forage fish populations that depend either directly or...
The response of creeping parts of the San Andreas fault to earthquakes on nearby faults: Two examples
R.W. Simpson, S.S. Schulz, L.D. Dietz, Robert O. Burford
1988, Pure and Applied Geophysics PAGEOPH (126) 665-685
Rates of shallow slip on creeping sections of the San Andreas fault have been perturbed on a number of occasions by earthquakes occurring on nearby faults. One example of such perturbations occurred during the 26 January 1986 magnitude 5.3 Tres Pinos earthquake located about 10 km southeast of Hollister, California....
