Composition of fluid inclusions in Permian salt beds, Palo Duro Basin, Texas, U.S.A.
E. Roedder, W. M. d’Angelo, A. F. Dorrzapf Jr., P. J. Aruscavage
1987, Chemical Geology (61) 79-90
Several methods have been developed and used to extract and chemically analyze the two major types of fluid inclusions in bedded salt from the Palo Duro Basin, Texas. Data on the ratio K: Ca: Mg were obtained on a few of the clouds of tiny inclusions in "chevron" salt, representing...
Isolation of nonvolatile, organic solutes from natural waters by zeotrophic distillation of water from N,N-dimethylformamide
J.A. Leenheer, P.A. Brown, E.A. Stiles
1987, Analytical Chemistry (59) 1313-1319
Nonvolatile, organic solutes that comprise the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in saline waters were isolated by removal of the water by distillation from a N,N-dimethylformamideformic acid-acetonitrile mixture. Salts isolated with the DOC were removed by crystallization of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate from the solvent mixture, removal of silicic acid...
Concentration and flux of solutes from snow and forest floor during snowmelt in the West-Central Adirondack region of New York
C.M. Rascher, C. T. Driscoll, N.E. Peters
1987, Biogeochemistry (3) 209-224
Decreases in pH and increases in the concentration of Al and NO3- have been observed in surface waters draining acid-sensitive regions in the northeastern U.S. during spring snowmelt. To assess the source of this acidity, we evaluated solute concentrations in snowpack, and in meltwater collected from snow and forest floor...
Tourmaline (dravite) from the Boehls Butte anorthosite, Idaho, U.S.A.
Anna Hietanen
1987, Geological Society of Finland, Bulletin (59) 91-95
Tourmaline (dravite) from a layered two-plagioclase anorthosite in the Boehls Butte quadrangle, Idaho, has the following structural formula: (Na0.55Ca0.17)0.72(Mg1.96Fe0.57Mn0.01Ti0.04V0.03Al0.47)3.08Al6(BO3)3.02Si5.98O18(OH,F)3.35. The indices of refraction are ω = 1.647(1) and ε = 1.621(1), and the unit cell parameters are a = 15.9425(6) and c = 7.1883(3)....
Determination of alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants in groundwater using macroreticular resins and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
E. Michael Thurman, T. Willoughby, Larry B. Barber, Kevin A. Thorn
1987, Analytical Chemistry (59) 1798-1802
Alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants were determined in groundwater at concentrations as low as 0.3 mg/L. The method uses XAD-8 resin for concentration, followed by elution with methanol, separation of anionic and nonionic surfactants by anion exchange, quantitation by titration, and identification by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Laboratory standards and field samples...
Large-scale volcano-ground ice interactions on Mars
S. W. Squyres, D.E. Wilhelms, A.C. Moosman
1987, Icarus (70) 385-408
The process of volcano-ground ice interaction on Mars is investigated by thermodynamic calculations and observations of Viking Orbiter images. We develop a numerical model of volcano-ground ice interaction that includes heat transport by conduction, radiation from the surface, heat transfer to the...
The role of stand history in assessing forest impacts
V.H. Dale, T.W. Doyle
1987, Environmental Management (11) 351-357
Air pollution, harvesting practices, and natural disturbances can affect the growth of trees and forest development. To make predictions about anthropogenic impacts on forests, we need to understand how these factors affect tree growth. In this study the effect of disturbance history on tree growth and stand structure was examined...
Prospects for heavy crude oil development
Richard F. Meyer
1987, Energy Exploration & Exploitation (5) 27-55
The problems of utilizing heavy crude oil and natural bitumens centre on their high viscosity which makes them difficult to produce, store, transport, and refine. These factors are reflected in costs. World reserves are substantial, however, perhaps as much as 7 trillion† barrels estimated to represent 0·9 trillion barrels of...
Size and maceral association of pyrite in Illinois coals and their float-sink fractions
R.D. Harvey, P.J. DeMaris
1987, Organic Geochemistry (11) 343-349
The amount of pyrite (FeS2) removed by physical cleaning varies with differences in the amount of pyrite enclosed within minerals and of free pyrite in feed coals. A microscopic procedure for characterizing the size and maceral association of pyrite grains was developed and evaluate by testing three coals and their...
A model of the productivity of the mallard duck
Douglas H. Johnson, Donald W. Sparling, Lewis M. Cowardin
1987, Ecological Modelling (38) 257-275
This paper describes a stochastic computer model that simulates recruitment of the mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) under different habitat conditions and management scenarios. The model incorporates several environmental phenomena and biological relations that affect mallard recruitment. Major events include arrival of mallards in the spring, daily survival of hens, initiation of...
Mineralogical studies of sulfide samples and volatile concentrations of basalt glasses from the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge
R. Brett, H. T. Evans Jr., E.K. Gibson Jr., J.W. Hedenquist, M.-V. Wandless, M.A. Sommer
1987, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (92) 11373-11379
Sulfide samples obtained from the U.S. Geological Survey's DSRV Alvin dives on the southern Juan de Fuca Ridge closely resemble those from the same area described by Koski et al. (1984). Major minerals include sphalerite, wurtzite, pyrite, marcasite, isocubanite, anhydrite, and chalcopyrite. Equilibrium, if attained at all, during deposition of most sulfides...
Provenance studies by fission-track dating of zircon-etching and counting procedures
Nancy D. Naeser, Peter K. Zeitler, Charles W. Naeser, Philip F. Cerveny
1987, International Journal of Radiation Applications and Instrumentation. Part D. Nuclear Tracks and Radiation Measurements (13) 121-126
In sedimentary rocks that have not been heated to high enough temperatures to anneal fission tracks in zircon (greater than approximately equals 160 degree C), fission-track ages of individual detrital zircon grains provide valuable information about the source rocks eroded to form the sediments. The success of such studies depends,...
Fitting degradation of shoreline scarps by a nonlinear diffusion model
D.J. Andrews, Robert C. Bucknam
1987, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (92) 12857-12867
The diffusion model of degradation of topographic features is a promising means by which vertical offsets on Holocene faults might be dated. In order to calibrate the method, we have examined present-day profiles of wave-cut shoreline scarps of late Pleistocene lakes Bonneville and Lahontan. It may be assumed that these...
Sediment-yield history of a small basin in southern Utah, 1937-1976: Implications for land management and geomorphology
R. Hereford
1987, Geology (15) 954-957
Alluvium deposited in a reservoir from 1937 to 1976 records the sediment-yield history of a small (2.8 km2), high-relief basin in semiarid southern Utah. Stratification in the alluvium shows that sediment was deposited in the reservoir only 21 times in 38 yr, a...
Regional heat flow variations in the northern Michigan and Lake Superior region determined using the silica heat flow estimator
R. Vugrinovich
1987, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (34) 15-24
Conventional heat flow data are sparse for northern Michigan. The groundwater silica heat flow estimator expands the database sufficiently to allow regional variations in heat flow to be examined. Heat flow shows a pattern of alternating highs and lows trending ESE across the Upper Peninsula and Lake Superior. The informal...
A new approach to the disposal of solid waste on land
R.C. Heath, J.H. Lehr
1987, Groundwater (25) 258-264
No abstract available....
US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION OF NEAR REAL-TIME HYDROLOGICAL DATA.
William G. Shope Jr.
Rodda J.C.Matalas N.C., editor(s)
1987, Conference Paper, IAHS Publication (International Association of Hydrological Sciences)
The US Geological Survey is utilizing a national network of more than 1000 satellite data-collection stations, four satellite-relay direct-readout ground stations, and more than 50 computers linked together in a private telecommunications network to acquire, process, and distribute hydrological data in near real-time. The four Survey offices operating a satellite...
ESTIMATING LOW-FLOW FREQUENCIES OF UNGAGED STREAMS IN NEW ENGLAND.
S. William Wandle Jr.
1987, Conference Paper
Equations to estimate low flows were developed using multiple-regression analysis with a sample of 48 river basins, which were selected from the U. S. Geological Survey's network of gaged river basins in Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, Vermont, and southwestern Maine. Low-flow characteristics are represented by the 7Q2 and 7Q10...
Lake Superior revisited 1984
Wayne R. MacCallum, James H. Selgeby
1987, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (44) 23-36
The Lake Superior fish community has changed substantially since the early 1960s, when control of the sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) became effective. Self-reproducing stocks of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) have been reestablished in many inshore areas, although they have not yet reached pre-sea lamprey abundance; offshore lake trout are probably...
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S NATIONAL REAL-TIME HYDROLOGIC INFORMATION SYSTEM USING GOES SATELLITE TECHNOLOGY.
William G. Shope Jr.
1987, Conference Paper
The U. S. Geological Survey maintains the basic hydrologic data collection system for the United States. The Survey is upgrading the collection system with electronic communications technologies that acquire, telemeter, process, and disseminate hydrologic data in near real-time. These technologies include satellite communications via the Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite, Data...
A preliminary report on the bentonite beds of the lower Virgin Creek Member of the Pierre Shale, Stanley County, South Dakota ( USA).
D. S. Collins
1987, Mountain Geologist (24) 81-85
The Virgin Creek Member of the Pierre Shales has been divided by earlier workers into lower and upper zones based on weathering and shale differences. Of the 49 bentonite beds of the lower Virgin Creek, the Government Draw Bentonite Beds, and bentonite bed 20 are the best markers for correlation...
A compositional multiphase model for groundwater contamination by petroleum products: 2. Numerical solution
Arthur L. Baehr, M. Yavuz Corapcioglu
1987, Water Resources Research (23) 201-213
In this paper we develop a numerical solution to equations developed in part 1 (M. Y. Corapcioglu and A. L. Baehr, this issue) to predict the fate of an immiscible organic contaminant such as gasoline in the unsaturated zone subsequent to plume establishment. This solution, obtained by using a finite...
Visual observations of historical lake trout spawning grounds in western Lake Huron
Robert T. Nester, Thomas P. Poe
1987, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (7) 418-424
Direct underwater video observations were made of the bottom substrates at 12 spawning grounds formerly used by lake trout Salvelinus namaycush in western Lake Huron to evaluate their present suitability for successful reproduction by lake trout. Nine locations examined north of Saginaw Bay in the northwestern end of the lake...
Seasonal bathythermal distribution of juvenile lake trout in Lake Ontario
Joseph H. Elrod, Clifford P. Schneider
1987, Journal of Great Lakes Research (13) 121-134
Bathythermal distributions of hatchery-reared lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of three genetic strains (Lake Superior; Clearwater Lake, Manitoba; and Seneca Lake, New York) were described from catches with bottom trawls in Lake Ontario during April-May, June, July-August, and October, 1978–1984. This work was part of a program to evaluate post-stocking performance...
Assessing the bioaccumulation of contaminants from sediments by fish and other aquatic organisms
Wayne A. Willford, Michael J. Mac, Robert J. Hesselberg
1987, Hydrobiologia (149) 107-111
Contaminated sediments that are not acutely toxic to aquatic organisms but contain bioaccumulable toxic substances present a common, yet poorly understood problem for regulatory decision makers. In order to recommend options to minimize bioaccumulation of these toxic substances, decisionmakers need estimates of 1. which substances are available for accumulation by...
