Contaminant trends in lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) of the upper Great Lakes
David S. DeVault, Wayne A. Willford, Robert J. Hesselberg
1985, Report
Contaminant body burdens in lake trout from the Upper Great Lakes have been monitored since 1970 on Lake Michigan and since 1977 and 1978 on Lakes Superior and Huron by USEPA, Great Lakes National Program Office and USFWS, Great Lakes Fishery Laboratory. Analysis of the Lake Michigan data shows that mean...
An estimate of gas emissions and magmatic gas content from Kilauea volcano
L. P. Greenland, William I. Rose Jr., J. B. Stokes
1985, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (49) 125-129
Emission rates of CO2 have been measured at Kilauea volcano, Hawaii, in the east-rift eruptive plume and CO2 and SO2 have been measured in the plume from the noneruptive fumaroles in the summit caldera. These data yield an estimate of the loading of Kilauean eruptive gases to the atmosphere and suggest that such...
MODEL FOR SIMULATING FLOODS IN RIVERS.
Raymond W. Schaffranek
1985, Conference Paper, Simulation Series
A one-dimensional model capable of simulating flood wave propagation in a river or network of channels is presented. The computer model is programmed to provide maximum flexibility in the adaptation of channel geometry, the specification of conveyance properties, and the treatment of boundary conditions. An equation transformation procedure is employed...
Dissolution of alkaline earth sulfates in the presence of montmorillonite
D. D. Eberl, Edward R. Landa
1985, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (25) 207-214
In a study of the effect of montmorillonite on the dissolution of BaSO4 (barite), SrSO4 (celestite), and 226Ra from U mill tailings, it was found that: (1) More of these substances dissolve in an aqueous system that contains montmorillonite than dissolve in a similar system without clay, due to the...
Degassing-induced crystallization of basaltic magma and effects on lava rheology
P. W. Lipman, N.G. Banks, J.M. Rhodes
1985, Nature (317) 604-607
During the north-east rift eruption of Mauna Loa volcano, Hawaii, on 25 March-14 April 1984 (Fig. 1), microphenocryst contents of erupted lava increased from 0.5 to 30% without concurrent change in either bulk magma composition or eruption temperature (1,140 ?? 3 ??C). The crystallization of the microphenocrysts is interpreted here...
The role of erosion by fish in shaping topography around Hudson submarine canyon.
D.C. Twichell, Craig B. Grimes, R. S. Jones, K.W. Able
1985, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (55) 712-719
An 800-km 2 area of rough topography around the head of Hudson Canyon off the eastern United States is attributed to erosion by tilefish ( Lopholatilus chamaeleonticeps ) and associated species of crustaceans. The rough topography has a relief of 1-10 m, occurs in water depths of 120-500 m, and has been...
Determination of total sulfur in lichens and plants by combustion-infrared analysis
L. L. Jackson, E.E. Engleman, J. L. Peard
1985, Environmental Science & Technology (19) 437-441
No abstract available....
Processes on a glacier-dominated coast, Alaska
Bruce F. Molnia
1985, Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband (57) 141-153
The 500 km long Gulf of Alaska coastline between Cape Suckling and Cape Spencer can be characterized by constant rapid change in an environment of glaciers, stormy climate, high relief, and extreme oceanographic parameters. During a more than 200-year history of observation, bays have completely filled with sediment, new bays...
Total chemical management in photographic processing
Charles Luden, Ronald Schultz
1985, Journal of Imaging Technology (11) 74-82
The mission of the U. S. Geological Survey's Earth Resources Observation Systems (EROS) Data Center is to produce high-quality photographs of the earth taken from aircraft and Landsat satellite. In order to meet the criteria of producing research-quality photographs, while at the same time meeting strict environmental restrictions, a total...
Regional setting and new information on some critical geologic features of the West Shasta district, California
J. P. Albers, J.H.C. Bain
1985, Economic Geology (80) 2072-2091
The West Shasta massive sulfide district is in the easternmost of a series of accreted island-arc and oceanic crust terranes that comprise the Klamath Mountains. A sequence of submarine volcanic rocks of predominantly Early Devonian age is the principal component of the island-arc terrane in which the sulfide deposits are...
Digital to analog conversion and visual evaluation of Thematic Mapper data
James R. McCord, Douglas R. Binnie, Paul M. Seevers
1985, Journal of Imaging Technology (11) 125-130
As a part of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Landsat D Image Data Quality Analysis Program, the Earth Resources Observation Systems Data Center (EDC) developed procedures to optimize the visual information content of Thematic Mapper data and evaluate the resulting photographic products by visual interpretation. A digital-to-analog transfer function...
Uranium mineralization in the Smith Lake district of the Grants uranium region, New Mexico.
N.S. Fishman, R. L. Reynolds, J. F. Robertson
1985, Economic Geology (80) 1348-1364
The Mariano Lake and Ruby 1 uranium orebodies, which together comprise much of the uranium ore in the Smith Lake district of the Grants uranium region, New Mexico, occur in sandstones in the lower part of the Brushy Basin Member of the Upper Jurassic Morrison Formation. The orebodies, which are...
SENSITIVITY OF STRUCTURAL RESPONSE TO GROUND MOTION SOURCE AND SITE PARAMETERS.
Erdal Safak
C.A. Brebbia, A.S. Cakmak, Abdel Ghaffar, editor(s)
1985, Conference Paper
Designing structures to withstand earthquakes requires an accurate estimation of the expected ground motion. While engineers use the peak ground acceleration (PGA) to model the strong ground motion, seismologists use physical characteristics of the source and the rupture mechanism, such as fault length, stress drop, shear wave velocity, seismic moment,...
A nomogram for interpreting slope stability of fine-grained deposits in modern and ancient-marine environments.
J.S. Booth, D.A. Sangrey, J.K. Fugate
1985, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (55) 29-36
Design of the nomogram is based on effective stress and combines consolidation theory as applicable to depositional environments with the infinite-slope model of slope-stability analysis. The link between the two combined theories is a term representing the effective overburden stress, which may be...
Block Island fault: A Paleozoic crustal boundary on the Long Island platform
Deborah R. Hutchinson, Kim D. Klitgord, R. S. Detrick
1985, Geology (13) 875-879
A major fault cutting through most of the crust can be identified and mapped on the Long Island platform using multichannel seismic reflection profiles and magnetic data. The fault, here called the Block Island fault (BIF), strikes north-northeast, dips westward at low angle, and does not resemble the thin-skinned thrust...
Deep continental margin reflectors
J. Ewing, J. Heirtzler, M. Purdy, Kim D. Klitgord
1985, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (66) 448-448
In contrast to the rarity of such observations a decade ago, seismic reflecting and refracting horizons are now being observed to Moho depths under continental shelves in a number of places. These observations provide knowledge of the entire crustal thickness from the shoreline to the oceanic crust on passive margins...
New York Bight fault
Deborah R. Hutchinson, John A. Grow
1985, Geological Society of America Bulletin (96) 975-989
High-resolution, single-channel and multichannel seismic-reflection profiles in the New York Bight provide 7 crossings of a 50-km-long fault that trends north-northeast for 30 km from its southern end, then bends northeast, and may continue northward beneath Long Island. Displacement, which is consistently down to the west, decreases upsection and suggests...
A note on the effect of bottom currents on an ocean bottom seismometer
Anne M. Trehu
1985, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (75) 1195-1204
Two three-component ocean bottom seismometers and a current meter were deployed a few hundred meters apart on the southern Blake Plateau off the United States eastern coast to study the effect of near-bottom currents on the background noise level of seismometers. Although analysis of the data is limited somewhat by...
Coupling of ocean bottom seismometers to sediment: Results of tests with the U.S. Geological Survey ocean bottom seismometer
Anne M. Trehu
1985, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (75) 271-289
The response of an ocean bottom seismometer (OBS) to a transient pull that excites the natural OBS-sediment coupling resonance can be modeled as a mass-spring-dashpot system in which the resonant frequency and damping are functions of instrument mass and bearing radius and of the physical properties of the sediment (primarily...
Dolomitization in a mixing zone of near-seawater composition, Late Pleistocene, northeastern Yucatan Peninsula
W. C. Ward, Robert B. Halley
1985, Journal of Sedimentary Research (55) 407-420
Patches of dolomite occur in cores of reefal limestone from the shallow subsurface on the northeastern coast of the Yucatan Peninsula. This limestone accumulated during an interglacial high stand of sea level about 200,000 years ago. Dolomitization was preceded by freshwater diagenesis, including...
Why deposits of longitudinal dunes are rarely recognized in the geologic record
David M. Rubin, Ralph E. Hunter
1985, Sedimentology (32) 147-157
Dunes that are morphologically of linear type, many of which are probably of longitudinal type in a morphodynamic sense, are common in modern deserts, but their deposits are rarely identified in aeolian sandstones. One reason for non-recognition of such dunes is that they can migrate laterally when they are not...
Digital models for simulation of ground-water hydrology of the Chicot and Evangeline aquifers along the Gulf Coast of Texas
J. E. Carr, W.R. Meyer, W.M. Sandeen, I. R. McLane
1985, Texas Department of Water Resources Report 289
No abstract available....
Recent volcano monitoring in Costa Rica
R. Thorpe, G. Brown, H. Rymer, S. Barritt, M. Randal
1985, Earthquake Information Bulletin (USGS) (17) 44-49
The Costa Rican volacno Rincon de la Vieja is loosely but mysteriously translated as the "Old Lady's Corner." It consists of six volcanic centers that form a remote elongated ridge standing some 1300m above the surrounding terraine. Geologically speaking, the Guanacaste province of northern Costa Rica consists of a series...
Occurrence and preservation of Eocene squamariacean and coralline rhodoliths: Eau, Tonga
Binyamin Buchbinder, Robert B. Halley
Donald F. Toomey, Matthew H. Nitecki, editor(s)
1985, Book chapter, Paleoalgology: Contemporary research and applications
A widespread rhodolith facies occurs within middle Eocene limestones of Eua, Tonga (Fig. 1). These limestones, first described by Hoffmeister (1932), represent a portion of a broad, early Tertiary platform that developed in the Tonga area prior to disruption and uplift by later Tertiary plate movements (Kroenke and Tongilava 1975)....
Rapid postglacial shoreline changes in the western Gulf of Maine and the Paleo-Indian environment
Robert N. Oldale
1985, American Antiquity (50) 145-150
Rapid shoreline regression and transgression along the western Gulf of Maine between 13,000 and 9000 years B.P. are inferred to have produced a nearshore marine environment low in biologic productivity. Paleo-Indians living near the coast of the Gulf were probably forced to rely on nonmarine resources landward of the late-glacial...
