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Short-term earthquake prediction requires sensitive instruments for measuring the small anomalous changes in stress and strain that precede earthquakes. Instruments installed at or near the surface have proven too noisy for measuring anomalies of the size expected to occur, and it is now recognized that even to have the possibility...

No abstract available....

An understanding of the age of the major borate deposits in the Furnace Creek Formation, their origin and facies relationships, as well as their diagenetic and thermal history, are integrated to provide a geological model of borate deposition in a heliothermal, saline, perennial lake....

Observations of the earthquake source-time function are enhanced if path, recording-site, and instrument complexities can be removed from seismograms. Assuming that a small earthquake has a simple source, its seismogram can be treated as an empirical Green's function and deconvolved from the seismogram of a larger...

Fine sediment in channels, rivers, estuaries, and coastal waters undergo several physical processes including flocculation, floc disruption, deposition, bed consolidation, and resuspension. This paper presents a conceptual model and reviews mathematical models of these physical processes. Several general fine sediment models that simulate some of these processes are reviewed. These...

Urban stormwater hydrology studies in the U. S. Geological Survey are currently focused on compilation of national data bases containing flood-peak and short time-interval rainfall, discharge and water-quality information for urban watersheds. Current data bases, updated annually, are nationwide in scope. Supplementing the national data files are published reports of...

Lithic-wacke inclusions within the alkali-ultramafic diatreme at Coyote Peak record a history of pronounced metasomatism and crystal growth. The dominant metasomatic changes were loss of Si from the inclusions and mass influx of K, due to an unusually high K activity in the ultramafic host. The reaction with K converted...

Benzene extractable aliphatic hydrocarbons from the New Albany Shale in the Illinois Basin were characterized by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry, and the total organic matter of the shale was characterized by solid state carbon-13 cross polarization magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance. Core samples from a northwest-trending cross-section of...

U-Pb isotope analyses of ores from the Schwartzwalder uranium mine, Colorado, show that these ores have high amounts of initial (common) Pb and that the initial Pb was both variable and relatively radiogenic in its Pb isotope ratios ( 206 Pb/ 204 Pb = 26-30). As a result, the only useful approach to dating...

Ten basic categories of eolian features on Mars were identified from a survey of Mariner 9 and Viking orbiter images. The ten features mapped are (1) light streaks (including frost streaks), (2) dark streaks, (3) sand sheets or splotches, (4) barchari dunes, (5) transverse dunes, (6) crescentic dunes, (7) anomalous...

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No abstract available....

Many ornithologists believe the emperor goose (Chen canagicus) is the most beautiful goose in North America. Detailed descriptions of its plumage can be found in Palmer1 and a general description in Bellrose.2 Emperor geese are rather short and squatty, with yellow-orange feet and pink bills. Their bluish-gray body feathers are...

A method is presented for assaying radioactive sandstone deposits in situ by using a high-resolution borehole gamma-ray spectrometer. Gamma-ray photopeaks from the same spectrum acquired to analyze a sample are used to characterize gamma-ray attenuation properties, from which a calibration function is determined. Assay results are independent of differences between...

Because these springs contain substantial amounts of dissolved chloride, halite and sylvite are found above the water level as evaporitic deposits, along with gypsum. One spring is depositing pyrite that contains significant amounts of arsenic, antimony, and thallium. A yellow compound, composed of arsenic and sulfur, is being deposited in...

Cyclic variations in bed load discharge at a point, which are an inherent part of the process of bed load movement, complicate calibration of bed load samplers and preclude the use of average rates to define sampling efficiencies. Calibration curves, rather than efficiencies, are derived by two independent methods using...

In a legal dispute in the State of Washington (Colville Confederated Tribes vs. Boyd Walton, Jr. , Farmer), it became necessary to determine the proportion of transmission losses sustained by developed water that was commingled with native water in a natural stream channel. Ground-water pumping and irrigation adjacent to the...

There were no major earthquakes (7.0-7.9) and no earthquake related deaths reported during this period but injuries and damage were experienced in Japan from earthquakes. There were no earthquake casualties reported in the United States but some minor damage was reported. ...

Shelikof Strait, a nearly parallel-sided marine channel between the Kodiak Island group and the Alaska Peninsula, has experienced a succession of distinct sedimentary environments during Quaternary time. Pleistocene glaciers carved a deep basin into bedrock in the southwest part of the strait and a shallower platform surface with incised channels...

Enrichment cultures that anaerobically degraded oxalate were obtained from lake sediment inocula. From these, 5 pure cultures of anaerobic oxalate-degrading bacteria were isolated and partially characterized. The isolates were Gram-negative, non-sporeforming, non-motile, obligate anaerobes. Oxalate was required for growth and was stoichiometrically converted to formate; 14CO2 was also recovered when 14C-oxalate was added....

Major earthquakes (7.0-7.9) were located in Sumatera, the Philippine Vanuatu Islands, Kamchatka, and the Mid-Atlantic Ocean during this reporting period. Earthquake-related deaths were reported from a magnitude 5.8 quake in India. There was no significant damage from earthquakes in the United States. ...