The relation of stream sediment surface area, grain size and composition to trace element chemistry
A. J. Horowitz, K. A. Elrick
1987, Applied Geochemistry (2) 437-451
Intensive studies of 17 geographically and hydrologically diverse stream bed sediments provide information on the relation between grain size, surface area, and operationally defined geochemical phases (e.g. Mn oxides, amorphous Fe oxides) to trace element concentrations. Of the size fractions investigated...
Lake-level variation in the Lahontan basin for the past 50,000 years
L. V. Benson, R.S. Thompson
1987, Quaternary Research (28) 69-85
Selected radiocarbon data on surficial materials from the Lahontan basin, Nevada and California, provide a chronology of lake-level variation for the past 50,000 yr. A moderate-sized lake connected three western Lahontan subbasins (the Smoke Creek-Black Rock Desert subbasin, the Pyramid Lake subbasin, and the Winnemucca Dry Lake subbasin) from about...
A study of metal ion adsorption at low suspended-solid concentrations
Cecily C.Y. Chang, J.A. Davis, James S. Kuwabara
1987, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (24) 419-424
A procedure for conducting adsorption studies at low suspended solid concentrations in natural waters (<50 mg l−1) is described. Methodological complications previously associated with such experiments have been overcome. Adsorption of zinc ion onto synthetic colloidal titania (TiO2) was studied as a function...
Determination of alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants in groundwater using macroreticular resins and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
E. Michael Thurman, T. Willoughby, Larry B. Barber, Kevin A. Thorn
1987, Analytical Chemistry (59) 1798-1802
Alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants were determined in groundwater at concentrations as low as 0.3 mg/L. The method uses XAD-8 resin for concentration, followed by elution with methanol, separation of anionic and nonionic surfactants by anion exchange, quantitation by titration, and identification by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Laboratory standards and field samples...
Stratification of a cityscape using census and land use variables for inventory of building materials
G.H. Rosenfield, K. Fitzpatrick-Lins, T. L. Johnson
1987, The Annals of Regional Science (21) 22-33
A cityscape (or any landscape) can be stratified into environmental units using multiple variables of information. For the purposes of sampling building materials, census and land use variables were used to identify similar strata. In the Metropolitan Statistical Area of a cityscape, the census tract is the smallest unit for...
Growth determinations for unattached bacteria in a contaminated aquifer
R.W. Harvey, L.H. George
1987, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (53) 2992-2996
Growth rates of unattached bacteria in groundwater contaminated with treated sewage and collected at various distances from the source of contamination were estimated by using frequency of dividing cells and tritiated-thymidine uptake and compared with growth rates obtained with unsupplemented, closed-bottle incubations. Estimates of bacterial generation times [(In 2)/μ] along...
A review of light-scattering techniques for the study of colloids in natural waters
T.F. Rees
1987, Journal of Contaminant Hydrology (1) 425-439
In order to understand the movement of colloidal materials in natural waters, we first need to have a means of quantifying their physical characteristics. This paper reviews three techniques which utilize light-scattering phenomena to measure the translational diffusion coefficient, the rotational...
Geology and hydrology of the deep bedrock aquifers in eastern Colorado
S. G. Robson, E. R. Banta
1987, Water-Resources Investigations Report 85-4240
Deep bedrock aquifers are present in rocks of Cretaceous through Pennsylvanian age in eastern Colorado. These aquifers are the Laramie-Fox Hills (the uppermost aquifer studied), Fort Hays-Codell, Dakota-Cheyenne, Entrada-Dockum, Lyons, and Fountain. Structural mapping indicates the aquifers are 2,000 to 9,000 ft below land surface in most of eastern Colorado...
Effect of urbanization on the water resources of eastern Chester County, Pennsylvania
R. A. Sloto
1987, Water-Resources Investigations Report 87-4098
The effects of human activity on the water resources of a 207-square-mile area of eastern Chester County was evaluated. The most serious consequence of urbanization is the contamination of ground water by volatile organic compounds, which were detected in 39 percent of the 70 wells sampled. As many as nine...
The use of remote sensing data in geographic information systems for hydrologic studies in developing countries
D. G. Moore
Carlos Chagas, Vittorio Canuto, editor(s)
1987, Conference Paper, Study week on: Remote sensing and its impact on developing countries
No abstract available....
A history of paleoflood hydrology in the United States
John E. Costa
1986, Eos, Earth and Space Science News (67) 425-430
The origins of paleoflood hydrology in the United States can be traced back to the beginning of the 19th century, when windgaps and watergaps in the Applachians were believed to have been eroded by extraordinary floods as large lakes that were ponded behind the ridges rapidly drained. Sediment evidence for...
Metabolism of reduced methylated sulfur compounds in anaerobic sediments and by a pure culture of an estuarine methanogen
R.P. Kiene, Ronald S. Oremland, Anthony Catena, Laurence G. Miller, D.G. Capone
1986, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (52) 1037-1045
Addition of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethyldisulfide (DMDS), or methane thiol (MSH) to a diversity of anoxic aquatic sediments (e.g., fresh water, estuarine, alkaline/hypersaline) stimulated methane production. The yield of methane recovered from DMS was often 52 to 63%, although high concentrations of DMS (as well as MSH...
Variability in the fractionation of Cu, Ag, and Zn among cytosolic proteins in the bivalve Macoma balthica
C. Johansson, Daniel J. Cain, Samuel N. Luoma
1986, Marine Ecology Progress Series (28) 87-97
Gel filtration chromatographs of cytosols from the clam Macorna balthica analysed from both field and laboratory treated specimens showed that uptake of Cu, Ag, and Zn in the metallothionein-like protein (MLP) pool follows exposure both in nature and in the laboratory. Specimens collected from San Francisco Bay over 18 mo...
Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer east-central Oklahoma with a section on chemical quality of water
Joseph J. D’Lugosz, Roger G. McClaflin, Melvin V. Marcher
1986, Circular 87
The Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, which underlies an area of about 2,320 mi2, consists principally of the Vamoosa Formation and the overlying Ada Group of Pennsylvanian age. Rocks comprising the aquifer were deposited in a nearshore environment ranging from marine on the west to nonmarine on the east. Because of changes in...
Water resources inventory of Connecticut Part 9: Farmington River basin
Elinor H. Handman, F. Peter Haeni, Mendall P. Thomas
1986, Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin 29
The Farmington River basin covers 435 square miles in north-central Connecticut upstream from Tariffville and downstream of the Massachusetts state line. Most water in the basin is derived from precipitation, which averages 48 inches (366 billion gallons) per year. An additional 67 billion gallons of water per year enters the...
Forested wetlands of the Southeast: Review of major characteristics and role in maintaining water quality
Parley V. Winger
1986, Resource Publication 163
Forested wetlands occupying floodplains of major rivers in the Southeast are highly productive and diverse ecological systems. The wetlands are produced and maintained by fluvial processes and unique hydrologic regimes consisting of periodic flooding and subsequent drydown. Fluctuations in soil chemistry and biology resulting from this flooding and...
River meanders and channel size
G. P. Williams
1986, Journal of Hydrology (88) 147-164
This study uses an enlarged data set to (1) compare measured meander geometry to that predicted by the Langbein and Leopold (1966) theory, (2) examine the frequency distribution of the ratio radius of curvature/channel width, and (3) derive 40 empirical equations (31 of which are original) involving meander and channel...
Use of the chloride ion in determining hydrologic-basin water budgets - A 3-year case study in the San Juan Mountains, Colorado, U.S.A.
H.C. Claassen, M.M. Reddy, D.R. Halm
1986, Journal of Hydrology (85) 49-71
Measurement of chloride concentration and water equivalent in precipitation and recharge at a site can be extrapolated to determine available moisture in a nearby basin. This method also may be extrapolated to a basin with similar climatic characteristics if precipitation, vegetation, and topographic data are available. The average accuracy of...
Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River basin, California
V. C. Kennedy, C. Kendall, G. W. Zellweger, T.A. Wyerman, R.J. Avanzino
1986, Journal of Hydrology (84) 107-140
The chemical and isotopic composition of rainfall and stream water was monitored during a storm in the Mattole River basin of northwestern California. About 250 mm of rain fell during 6 days (∼80% within a 42 h period) in late January, 1972, following 24 days of little or no precipitation....
On the nature of persistence in dendrochronologic records with implications for hydrology
J.M. Landwehr, N.C. Matalas
1986, Journal of Hydrology (86) 239-277
Hydrologic processes are generally held to be persistent and not secularly independent. Impetus for this view was given by Hurst in his work which dealt with properties of the rescaled range of many types of long geophysical records, in particular dendrochronologic records, in addition to hydrologic records. Mandelbrot introduced an...
Groundwater flow into Lake Michigan from Wisconsin
D.S. Cherkauer, B.R. Hensel
1986, Journal of Hydrology (84) 261-271
Detailed hydrogeological study has been done at six sites along the Lake Michigan shoreline in Wisconsin. At each site a flux of groundwater to the lake has been calculated for both natural conditions and the existing conditions created by pumping. The values from each site have then been extrapolated to...
A comparison of the coupled fresh water-salt water flow and the Ghyben-Herzberg sharp interface approaches to modeling of transient behavior in coastal aquifer systems
H.I. Essaid
1986, Journal of Hydrology (86) 169-193
A quasi-three dimensional finite difference model which simulates coupled, fresh water and salt water flow, separated by a sharp interface, is used to investigate the effects of storage characteristics, transmissivity, boundary conditions and anisotropy on the transient responses of such flow systems. The magnitude and duration of the departure of...
Groundwater model of the Blue River basin, Nebraska-Twenty years later
W.M. Alley, P. A. Emery
1986, Journal of Hydrology (85) 225-249
Groundwater flow models have become almost a routine tool of the practicing hydrologist. Yet, surprisingly little attention has been given to true verification analysis of studies using these models. This paper examines predictions for 1982 of water-level declines and streamflow depletions that were made in 1965 using an electric analog...
Limnological characteristics of selected lakes in the Nebraska sandhills, U.S.A., and their relation to chemical characteristics of adjacent ground water
J.W. La Baugh
1986, Journal of Hydrology (86) 279-298
Limnological characteristics of Crane, Hackberry, Island and Roundup Lakes, and chemical characteristics of shallow ground water, within the Crescent Lake National Wildlife Refuge, western Nebraska, were determined during a preliminary investigation of the interaction between lakes and ground water in this study area between 1980 and 1984. When ice cover...
A boundary element-Random walk model of mass transport in groundwater
M. Kemblowski
1986, Journal of Hydrology (85) 305-318
A boundary element solution to the convective mass transport in groundwater is presented. This solution produces a continuous velocity field and reduces the amount of data preparation time and bookkeeping. By combining this solution and the random walk procedure, a convective-dispersive mass transport model is obtained. This model may be...
