US GEOLOGICAL SURVEY'S NATIONAL SYSTEM FOR PROCESSING AND DISTRIBUTION OF NEAR REAL-TIME HYDROLOGICAL DATA.
William G. Shope Jr.
Rodda J.C.Matalas N.C., editor(s)
1987, Conference Paper, IAHS Publication (International Association of Hydrological Sciences)
The US Geological Survey is utilizing a national network of more than 1000 satellite data-collection stations, four satellite-relay direct-readout ground stations, and more than 50 computers linked together in a private telecommunications network to acquire, process, and distribute hydrological data in near real-time. The four Survey offices operating a satellite...
GEOGRAPHIC ESTIMATION OF RUNOFF-MODEL PARAMETERS.
Arthur R. Schmidt, Linda S. Weiss, Kevin A. Oberg
1987, Conference Paper
The U. S. Geological Survey is developing techniques to estimate and evaluate unit-hydrograph and loss-rate parameter values for rainfall-runoff models using Geographic Information System (GIS) procedures. The data base includes basin, soil, and climatological characteristics that will be stored in a GIS, and unit-hydrograph and loss-rate parameters obtained from calibration...
Growth determinations for unattached bacteria in a contaminated aquifer
R.W. Harvey, L.H. George
1987, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (53) 2992-2996
Growth rates of unattached bacteria in groundwater contaminated with treated sewage and collected at various distances from the source of contamination were estimated by using frequency of dividing cells and tritiated-thymidine uptake and compared with growth rates obtained with unsupplemented, closed-bottle incubations. Estimates of bacterial generation times [(In 2)/μ] along...
Chemical reactions simulated by ground-water-quality models
David B. Grove, Kenneth G. Stollenwerk
1987, Water Resources Bulletin (23) 601-615
Recent literature concerning the modeling of chemical reactions during transport in ground water is examined with emphasis on sorption reactions. The theory of transport and reactions in porous media has been well documented. Numerous equations have been developed from this theory, to provide both continuous and sequential or multistep models,...
Isolation of nonvolatile, organic solutes from natural waters by zeotrophic distillation of water from N,N-dimethylformamide
J.A. Leenheer, P.A. Brown, E.A. Stiles
1987, Analytical Chemistry (59) 1313-1319
Nonvolatile, organic solutes that comprise the dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in saline waters were isolated by removal of the water by distillation from a N,N-dimethylformamideformic acid-acetonitrile mixture. Salts isolated with the DOC were removed by crystallization of sodium chloride and sodium sulfate from the solvent mixture, removal of silicic acid...
Determination of alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants in groundwater using macroreticular resins and carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry
E. Michael Thurman, T. Willoughby, Larry B. Barber, Kevin A. Thorn
1987, Analytical Chemistry (59) 1798-1802
Alkylbenzenesulfonate surfactants were determined in groundwater at concentrations as low as 0.3 mg/L. The method uses XAD-8 resin for concentration, followed by elution with methanol, separation of anionic and nonionic surfactants by anion exchange, quantitation by titration, and identification by 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometry. Laboratory standards and field samples...
Playa-lake basins on the Southern High Plains of Texas and New Mexico: Part II. A hydrologic model and mass-balance arguments for their development.
W.W. Wood, W. R. Osterkamp
1987, Geological Society of America Bulletin (99) 224-230
Hydrologic, geologic, geomorphic, and mass-balance data suggest that most of the ∼30,000 playa lake basins on the Southern High Plains have developed by a combination of dissolution of caliche and piping of surface material into the unsaturated zone rather than by eolian processes as has generally been stated. A conceptual...
Hydrogeological concepts in the United States: a historical perspective.
J.E. Moore, B.B. Hanshaw
1987, Episodes (10) 315-321
Reviews the development of hydrogeological concepts in the USA from 1879 to 1987, from early qualitative reconnaissance investigations to modern qualitative and multi-disciplinary studies involving predictive analytical techniques and a consideration of management practices. The authors present a sampling of historical milestone papers in US hydrology in the form of...
The mobilization of aluminum in a natural soil system: Effects of hydrologic pathways
Isabelle M. Cozzarelli, Janet S. Herman, Roderic A. Parnell Jr.
1987, Water Resources Research (23) 859-874
A two-component soil water flow model was used in conjunction with an equilibrium speciation model WATEQF to study aluminum mobility in soils of a forested watershed, White Oak Run, in the Shenandoah National Park, Virginia. Soil solution samples, taken from the O, E, B, C1, and C2horizons, were collected from...
Sources and flux of natural gases from Mono Lake, California
Ronald S. Oremland, L.G. Miller, Michael J. Whiticar
1987, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (51) 2915-2929
The ability to identify a formation mechanism for natural gas in a particular environment requires consideration of several geochemical factors when there are multiple sources present. Four primary sources of methane have been identified in Mono Lake. Two of these sources were associated with numerous natural gas seeps which...
The use of remote sensing data in geographic information systems for hydrologic studies in developing countries
D. G. Moore
Carlos Chagas, Vittorio Canuto, editor(s)
1987, Conference Paper, Study week on: Remote sensing and its impact on developing countries
No abstract available....
A history of paleoflood hydrology in the United States
John E. Costa
1986, Eos, Earth and Space Science News (67) 425-430
The origins of paleoflood hydrology in the United States can be traced back to the beginning of the 19th century, when windgaps and watergaps in the Applachians were believed to have been eroded by extraordinary floods as large lakes that were ponded behind the ridges rapidly drained. Sediment evidence for...
Metabolism of reduced methylated sulfur compounds in anaerobic sediments and by a pure culture of an estuarine methanogen
R.P. Kiene, Ronald S. Oremland, Anthony Catena, Laurence G. Miller, D.G. Capone
1986, Applied and Environmental Microbiology (52) 1037-1045
Addition of dimethylsulfide (DMS), dimethyldisulfide (DMDS), or methane thiol (MSH) to a diversity of anoxic aquatic sediments (e.g., fresh water, estuarine, alkaline/hypersaline) stimulated methane production. The yield of methane recovered from DMS was often 52 to 63%, although high concentrations of DMS (as well as MSH...
Variability in the fractionation of Cu, Ag, and Zn among cytosolic proteins in the bivalve Macoma balthica
C. Johansson, Daniel J. Cain, Samuel N. Luoma
1986, Marine Ecology Progress Series (28) 87-97
Gel filtration chromatographs of cytosols from the clam Macorna balthica analysed from both field and laboratory treated specimens showed that uptake of Cu, Ag, and Zn in the metallothionein-like protein (MLP) pool follows exposure both in nature and in the laboratory. Specimens collected from San Francisco Bay over 18 mo...
Geohydrology of the Vamoosa-Ada aquifer east-central Oklahoma with a section on chemical quality of water
Joseph J. D’Lugosz, Roger G. McClaflin, Melvin V. Marcher
1986, Circular 87
The Vamoosa-Ada aquifer, which underlies an area of about 2,320 mi2, consists principally of the Vamoosa Formation and the overlying Ada Group of Pennsylvanian age. Rocks comprising the aquifer were deposited in a nearshore environment ranging from marine on the west to nonmarine on the east. Because of changes in...
Water resources inventory of Connecticut Part 9: Farmington River basin
Elinor H. Handman, F. Peter Haeni, Mendall P. Thomas
1986, Connecticut Water Resources Bulletin 29
The Farmington River basin covers 435 square miles in north-central Connecticut upstream from Tariffville and downstream of the Massachusetts state line. Most water in the basin is derived from precipitation, which averages 48 inches (366 billion gallons) per year. An additional 67 billion gallons of water per year enters the...
Forested wetlands of the Southeast: Review of major characteristics and role in maintaining water quality
Parley V. Winger
1986, Resource Publication 163
Forested wetlands occupying floodplains of major rivers in the Southeast are highly productive and diverse ecological systems. The wetlands are produced and maintained by fluvial processes and unique hydrologic regimes consisting of periodic flooding and subsequent drydown. Fluctuations in soil chemistry and biology resulting from this flooding and...
Limnological characteristics of selected lakes in the Nebraska sandhills, U.S.A., and their relation to chemical characteristics of adjacent ground water
J.W. La Baugh
1986, Journal of Hydrology (86) 279-298
Limnological characteristics of Crane, Hackberry, Island and Roundup Lakes, and chemical characteristics of shallow ground water, within the Crescent Lake National Wildlife Refuge, western Nebraska, were determined during a preliminary investigation of the interaction between lakes and ground water in this study area between 1980 and 1984. When ice cover...
On the nature of persistence in dendrochronologic records with implications for hydrology
J.M. Landwehr, N.C. Matalas
1986, Journal of Hydrology (86) 239-277
Hydrologic processes are generally held to be persistent and not secularly independent. Impetus for this view was given by Hurst in his work which dealt with properties of the rescaled range of many types of long geophysical records, in particular dendrochronologic records, in addition to hydrologic records. Mandelbrot introduced an...
A boundary element-Random walk model of mass transport in groundwater
M. Kemblowski
1986, Journal of Hydrology (85) 305-318
A boundary element solution to the convective mass transport in groundwater is presented. This solution produces a continuous velocity field and reduces the amount of data preparation time and bookkeeping. By combining this solution and the random walk procedure, a convective-dispersive mass transport model is obtained. This model may be...
River meanders and channel size
G. P. Williams
1986, Journal of Hydrology (88) 147-164
This study uses an enlarged data set to (1) compare measured meander geometry to that predicted by the Langbein and Leopold (1966) theory, (2) examine the frequency distribution of the ratio radius of curvature/channel width, and (3) derive 40 empirical equations (31 of which are original) involving meander and channel...
Determination of the components of stormflow using water chemistry and environmental isotopes, Mattole River basin, California
V. C. Kennedy, C. Kendall, G. W. Zellweger, T.A. Wyerman, R.J. Avanzino
1986, Journal of Hydrology (84) 107-140
The chemical and isotopic composition of rainfall and stream water was monitored during a storm in the Mattole River basin of northwestern California. About 250 mm of rain fell during 6 days (∼80% within a 42 h period) in late January, 1972, following 24 days of little or no precipitation....
Groundwater model of the Blue River basin, Nebraska-Twenty years later
W.M. Alley, P. A. Emery
1986, Journal of Hydrology (85) 225-249
Groundwater flow models have become almost a routine tool of the practicing hydrologist. Yet, surprisingly little attention has been given to true verification analysis of studies using these models. This paper examines predictions for 1982 of water-level declines and streamflow depletions that were made in 1965 using an electric analog...
Groundwater flow into Lake Michigan from Wisconsin
D.S. Cherkauer, B.R. Hensel
1986, Journal of Hydrology (84) 261-271
Detailed hydrogeological study has been done at six sites along the Lake Michigan shoreline in Wisconsin. At each site a flux of groundwater to the lake has been calculated for both natural conditions and the existing conditions created by pumping. The values from each site have then been extrapolated to...
A comparison of the coupled fresh water-salt water flow and the Ghyben-Herzberg sharp interface approaches to modeling of transient behavior in coastal aquifer systems
H.I. Essaid
1986, Journal of Hydrology (86) 169-193
A quasi-three dimensional finite difference model which simulates coupled, fresh water and salt water flow, separated by a sharp interface, is used to investigate the effects of storage characteristics, transmissivity, boundary conditions and anisotropy on the transient responses of such flow systems. The magnitude and duration of the departure of...
