Storm-built sand ridges on the Maryland inner shelf: a preliminary report
D.J.P. Swift, M.E. Field
1981, Geo-Marine Letters (1) 33-37
Several aspects of the Maryland ridge field are pertinent to the problem of ridge genesis in response to Holocene sea-level rise. There is a systematic morphologic change from shoreface ridges through nearshore ridges to offshore ridges, which reflects the changing hydraulic regime. Grain size is 90?? out of phase with...
Boulder deposits and the retreat of mountain slopes, or ' gully gravure' revisited
H. H. Mills
1981, Journal of Geology (89) 649-660
Observations on mountains composed chiefly of shale and capped with Tuscarora Sandstone in the Valley and Ridge province of southwest Virginia suggest that slopes retreat by a process similar to but different from Bryan's (1940) "gully gravure." The process appears to operate as follows: Bouldery alluvium protects the floors of...
The Galapagos Spreading Centre at 86° W: A detailed geothermal field study
K.E. Green, R. P. Von Herzen, D.L. Williams
1981, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (86) 979-986
We report here measurements of the heat flow field of the Galapagos Spreading Center on crust of age less than 1.0 m.y. The 443 measurements in an area of about 570 km2 reveal the general planform of the geothermal flux and permit the first truly areal estimate of the near-axis conductive...
Comparison of automated segmented-flow and discrete analyzers for the determination of nutrients in water
V.C. Marti, D.R. Hale
1981, Environmental Science & Technology (15) 711-713
Water samples with specific conductances ranging from 66 to 6950 ??mho/cm at 25 ??C were analyzed for ammonia-N (NH3-N), nitrate plus nitrite-N (NO3 + NO2-N), nitrite-N (NO2-N), and phosphate-P (PO4-P) by using both a "segmented-flow" analyzer and a "discrete" analyzer. Plots of the discrete vs. the segmented-flow results showed linear...
Mt. St. Helens: evidence of increased magmatic gas component
R.E. Stoiber, S.N. Williams, L.L. Malinconico Jr., D. A. Johnston, T. J. Casadevall
1981, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (11) 203-212
This paper presents measurements of SO2 flux and ash leachate chemistry from Mt. St. Helens volcano during the period May 18 to July 22 which are in contrast to similar data from before May 18. Comparison of post-18 May SO2 data with similar data from other volcanoes leads to the...
The Piney Branch Complex: A metamorphosed fragment of the central Appalachian ophiolite in northern Virginia
Avery A. Drake Jr., Benjamin A. Morgan
1981, American Journal of Science (281) 484-508
No abstract available....
Rank of coal beds of the Narragansett basin, Massachusetts and Rhode Island
P.C. Lyons, H.B. Chase Jr.
1981, International Journal of Coal Geology (1) 155-168
Coal of the Narragansett basin generally has been considered to be anthracite and/or meta-anthracite. However, no single reliable method has been used to distinguish these two ranks in this basin. Three methods — chemical, X-ray, and petrographic — have been used...
Estimating usable resources from historical industry data
S.M. Cargill, D. H. Root, E. H. Bailey
1981, Economic Geology (76) 1081-1095
Historical production statistics are used to predict the quantity of remaining usable resources. The commodities considered are mercury, copper and its byproducts gold and silver, and petroleum; the production and discovery data are for the United States. The results of the study indicate that the cumulative return per unit of...
A transient laboratory method for determining the hydraulic properties of 'tight' rocks-II. Application
C. E. Neuzil, C. Cooley, Stephen E. Silliman, J.D. Bredehoeft, P. A. Hsieh
1981, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Sciences & Geomechanics Abstracts (18) 253-258
In Part I a general analytical solution for the transient pulse test was presented. Part II presents a graphical method for analyzing data from a test to obtain the hydraulic properties of the sample. The general solution depends on both hydraulic conductivity and specific storage and, in theory, analysis of...
Spectroscopy and decay dynamics of several methyl-and fluorine-substituted benzene radical cations
V.E. Bondybey, C. Vaughn, T.A. Miller, J.H. English, R.H. Shiley
1981, Journal of the American Chemical Society (103) 6303-6307
Spectra of several fluorobenzene cation radicals containing 1-3 methyl substituents were observed in solid Ne matrix and analyzed. Comparisons between these compounds and other fluorobenzenes studied previously as well as comparisons between the Β~ state lifetimes in the gas phase and in the matrix are used to gain a deeper...
Trace elemental analysis of bituminuos coals using the Heidelberg proton microprobe
J.R. Chen, H. Kneis, B. Martin, R. Nobiling, K. Traxel, E. C. T. Chao, J.A. Minkin
1981, Nuclear Instruments and Methods (181) 151-157
Trace elements in coal can occur as components of either the organic constituents (macerals) or the inorganic constituents (minerals). Studies of the concentrations and distribution of the trace elements are vital to understanding the geochemical millieu in which the coal was formed and in evaluating the attempts to recover rare...
Systems for measuring thickness of temperate and polar ice from the ground or from the air.
R.D. Watts, D.L. Wright
1981, Journal of Glaciology (27) 459-469
Equipment has been designed and tested for ground-based and airborne sounding of temperate glaciers. The transmitter is a free-running pulse generator that uses avalanche-mode transistor breakdown to create high-voltage pulses. The transmit and receive antennas are resistively loaded dipoles; for the airborne system, a twin-lead transmit element...
Dairy-processing wastes as a replacement protein source in diets of rainbow trout
G. L. Rumsey, M. Cacace, R. R. Zall, D. J. Lisk
1981, Progressive Fish-Culturist (43) 86-88
Dairy‐processing wastes, not previously used in domestic animal and fish feeds, were evaluated as a replacement protein source in the diet of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri). Dairy residue replaced 10% dried whey without reducing growth or feed efficiency, and feed costs were reduced. Growth and feeding efficiency were somewhat reduced...
The accommodation of relative motion at depth on the San Andreas fault system in California
W.H. Prescott, A. Nur
1981, Journal of Geophysical Research Solid Earth (86) 999-1004
Plate motion below the seismogenic layer along the San Andreas fault system in California is generally assumed to occur by aseismic slip along a deeper extension of the fault. It is also possible that below the seismogenic layer, deformation is distributed laterally over a zone. Several observed features of the...
Dating of Archean basement in northeastern Wyoming and southern Montana.
Z. E. Peterman
1981, Geological Society of America Bulletin (92) 139-146
Rb-Sr whole-rock and U-Pb zircon ages of granite and gneiss cores from three deep drill holes extend known occurrences of Archean rocks in the subsurface of NE Wyoming and S Montanta. Rb-Sr and K- Ar mineral ages are discordant and reflect early or middle Proterozoic disturbance. Highly altered rocks occur...
Discrimination of a chestnut-oak forest unit for geologic mapping by means of a principal component enhancement of Landsat multispectral scanner data
M. D. Krohn, N.M. Milton, D. Segal, A. Enland
1981, Geophysical Research Letters (8) 151-154
A principal component image enhancement has been effective in applying Landsat data to geologic mapping in a heavily forested area of eastern Virginia. A chestnut-oak forest unit, which occurs on metavolcanic rocks and some metaclastic rocks in the western Piedmont and on highly weathered upland...
Producing better sport fish
J.E. Weaver
1981, Trends (18) 20-24
Reservoir properties of submarine- fan facies: Great Valley sequence, California
H. McLean
1981, Journal of Sedimentary Petrology (51) 865-872
Submarine-fan sandstones of the Great Valley sequence west of the Sacramento Valley, California, have low porosities and permeabilities (64 samples averaged 10.1% porosity and 0.87 millidarcies permeability). However, petrography and scanning electron microscope studies indicate that most sands in almost all submarine fan...
Estimation of surface temperature variations due to changes in sky and solar flux with elevation
S. Hummer-Miller
1981, Geophysical Research Letters (8) 595-598
Sky and solar radiance are of major importance in determining the ground temperature. Knowledge of their behavior is a fundamental part of surface temperature models. These two fluxes vary with elevation and this variation produces temperature changes. Therefore, when using thermal-property differences to discriminate geologic materials,...
Chemical composition, stratigraphy, and depositional environments of the Black River Group (Middle Ordovician), southwestern Ohio.
David A. Stith
1981, Geological Society of America Bulletin (92) 629-633
The chemical composition and stratigraphy of the Black River Group in southwestern Ohio were studied. Chemical analyses were done on two cores of the Black River from Adams and Brown Counties, Ohio. These studies show that substantial reserves of high-carbonate rock are present in the Black River at depths of...
Significance of nitrogen metabolism: why does the salmonid require a high protein diet?
G. L. Rumsey
1981, Salmonid (5) 20-24
Overview of aquaculture and fish nutrition 1981
G. L. Rumsey
1981, Frontiers in Nutrition (5) 1-6
Oxygen isotope thermometry of basic lavas and mantle nodules
T.K. Kyser, J. R. O’Neil, I. S. E. Carmichael
1981, Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology (77) 11-23
Measurements have been made of the oxygen isotope and chemical composition of glass and phenocrysts in lavas and coexisting minerals in mantle nodules. Temperatures of formation of these assemblages have been estimated from various chemical thermometers and range from 855?? to 1,300?? C. The permil fractionations between coexisting orthopyroxene and...
Arid land monitoring using Landsat albedo difference images
Charles J. Robinove, Pat S. Chavez Jr., Dale G. Gehring, Ralph Holmgren
1981, Remote Sensing of Environment (11) 133-156
The Landsat albedo, or percentage of incoming radiation reflected from the ground in the wavelength range of 0.5 [mu]m to 1.1 [mu]m, is calculated from an equation using the Landsat digital brightness values and solar irradiance values, and correcting for atmospheric scattering, multispectral scanner calibration, and sun angle. The albedo...
Coincident sediment slump/clathrate complexes on the U.S. Atlantic continental slope
G. Carpenter
1981, Geo-Marine Letters (1) 29-32
High-resolution seismic reflection data recorded on the continental slope off the east coast of the United States have revealed instances of sediment mass movement (slumps) which appear to occur above clathrate accumulations. The slumping is believed to be related to the liberation of free gas by clathrate decomposition and consequent...
