EAARL-B submerged topography: Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, pre-Hurricane Sandy, 2012
C. Wayne Wright, Rodolfo J. Troche, Emily S. Klipp, Christine J. Kranenburg, Xan Fredericks, David B. Nagle
2014, Data Series 885
These remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements of lidar-derived submerged topography datasets were produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, Florida. This project provides highly detailed and accurate datasets for part of Barnegat Bay, New Jersey, acquired pre-Hurricane Sandy on October 18,...
EAARL-B coastal topography: Fire Island, New York, pre-Hurricane Sandy, 2012: seamless (bare earth and submerged)
C. Wayne Wright, Christine J. Kranenburg, Emily S. Klipp, Rodolfo J. Troche, Xan Fredericks, Melanie L. Masessa, David B. Nagle
2014, Data Series 888
These remotely sensed, geographically referenced elevation measurements of lidar-derived seamless (bare-earth and submerged) topography datasets were produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), St. Petersburg Coastal and Marine Science Center, St. Petersburg, Florida. This project provides highly detailed and accurate datasets for part of Fire Island, New York, acquired pre-Hurricane Sandy...
Limitations to estimating bacterial cross-speciestransmission using genetic and genomic markers: Inferences from simulation modeling
Julio Andre Benavides, Paul C. Cross, Gordon Luikart, Scott Creel
2014, Evolutionary Applications (7) 774-787
Cross‐species transmission (CST) of bacterial pathogens has major implications for human health, livestock, and wildlife management because it determines whether control actions in one species may have subsequent effects on other potential host species. The study of bacterial transmission has benefitted from methods measuring two types of...
Simulation of hydrologic conditions and suspended-sediment loads in the San Antonio River Basin downstream from San Antonio, Texas, 2000-12
J. Ryan Banta, Darwin J. Ockerman
2014, Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5182
Suspended sediment in rivers and streams can play an important role in ecological health of rivers and estuaries and consequently is an important issue for water-resource managers. To better understand suspended-sediment loads and transport in a watershed, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the San Antonio River Authority, developed a...
Low-head hydropower assessment of the Brazilian State of São Paulo
Guleid A. Artan, W. Matthew Cushing, Melissa L. Mathis, Larry L. Tieszen
2014, Open-File Report 2014-1206
This study produced a comprehensive estimate of the magnitude of hydropower potential available in the streams that drain watersheds entirely within the State of São Paulo, Brazil. Because a large part of the contributing area is outside of São Paulo, the main stem of the Paraná River was excluded from...
Estimates of growth and mortality of under-yearling smallmouth bass in Spednic Lake, from 1970 through 2008
Robert W. Dudley, Joan G. Trial
2014, Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5164
This report is the product of a 2013 cooperative agreement between the U.S. Geological Survey, the International Joint Commission, and the Maine Bureau of Sea Run Fisheries and Habitat to quantify the effects of meteorological conditions (from 1970 through 2008) on the survival of smallmouth bass (Micropterus dolomieu) in the...
Using mark-recapture distance sampling methods on line transect surveys
Louise M. Burt, David L. Borchers, Kurt J. Jenkins, Tigao A Marques
2014, Methods in Ecology and Evolution (5) 1180-1191
Mark–recapture distance sampling (MRDS) methods are widely used for density and abundance estimation when the conventional DS assumption of certain detection at distance zero fails, as they allow detection at distance zero to be estimated and incorporated into the overall probability of detection to better estimate density and...
Attenuation and scattering tomography of the deep plumbing system of Mount St. Helens
Luca De Siena, Christine Thomas, Greg P. Waite, Seth C. Moran, Stefan Klemme
2014, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (119) 8223-8238
We present a combined 3-D P wave attenuation, 2-D S coda attenuation, and 3-D S coda scattering tomography model of fluid pathways, feeding systems, and sediments below Mount St. Helens (MSH) volcano between depths of 0 and 18 km. High-scattering and high-attenuation shallow anomalies are indicative of magma and fluid-rich zones within and below the volcanic...
Development of the Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) for predicting the impact of storms on high-energy, active-margin coasts
Patrick L. Barnard, Maarten van Ormondt, Li H. Erikson, Jodi Eshleman, Cheryl J. Hapke, Peter Ruggiero, Peter Adams, Amy C. Foxgrover
2014, Natural Hazards (74) 1095-1125
The Coastal Storm Modeling System (CoSMoS) applies a predominantly deterministic framework to make detailed predictions (meter scale) of storm-induced coastal flooding, erosion, and cliff failures over large geographic scales (100s of kilometers). CoSMoS was developed for hindcast studies, operational applications (i.e., nowcasts and multiday forecasts), and future climate scenarios (i.e.,...
La Niña diversity and Northwest Indian Ocean Rim teleconnections
Andrew Hoell, Christopher C. Funk, Mathew Barlow
2014, Climate Dynamics (43) 2707-2724
The differences in tropical Pacific sea surface temperature (SST) expressions of El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) events of the same phase have been linked with different global atmospheric circulation patterns. This study examines the dynamical forcing of precipitation during October–December (OND) and March–May (MAM) over East Africa and during December–March (DJFM)...
Reducing risk from lahar hazards: Concepts, case studies, and roles for scientists
Thomas C. Pierson, Nathan J. Wood, Carolyn L. Driedger
2014, Journal of Applied Volcanology (3) 1-25
Lahars are rapid flows of mud-rock slurries that can occur without warning and catastrophically impact areas more than 100 km downstream of source volcanoes. Strategies to mitigate the potential for damage or loss from lahars fall into four basic categories: (1) avoidance of lahar hazards through land-use planning; (2) modification...
Wave-driven sediment mobilization on a storm-controlled continental shelf (Northwest Iberia)
Ferdinand Oberle, Curt D. Storlazzi, Till Hanebuth
2014, Journal of Marine Systems (139) 362-372
Seafloor sediment mobilization on the inner Northwest Iberian continental shelf is caused largely by ocean surface waves. The temporal and spatial variability in the wave height, wave period, and wave direction has a profound effect on local sediment mobilization, leading to distinct sediment mobilization scenarios. Six grain-size specific sediment mobilization...
Costs and benefits of group living with disease: a case study of pneumonia in bighorn lambs (Ovis canadensis)
Kezia R. Manlove, E. Frances Cassirer, Paul C. Cross, Raina K. Plowright, Peter J. Hudson
2014, Proceedings of the Royal Society B (281)
Group living facilitates pathogen transmission among social hosts, yet temporally stable host social organizations can actually limit transmission of some pathogens. When there are few between-subpopulation contacts for the duration of a disease event, transmission becomes localized to subpopulations. The number of per capita infectious contacts approaches the subpopulation size as pathogen...
Evaluation of a model framework to estimate soil and soil organic carbon redistribution by water and tillage using 137Cs in two U.S. Midwest agricultural fields
Claudia J. Young, Shuguang Liu, Joseph A. Schumacher, Thomas E. Schumacher, Thomas C. Kaspar, Gregory W. McCarty, Darrell Napton, Dan B. Jaynes
2014, Geoderma (232-234) 437-448
Cultivated lands in the U.S. Midwest have been affected by soil erosion, causing soil organic carbon (SOC) redistribution in the landscape and other environmental and agricultural problems. The importance of SOC redistribution on soil productivity and crop yield, however, is still uncertain. In this study, we used a model framework,...
Understanding the hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin using multisource climate and remote sensing data sets
Gabriel B. Senay, Naga Manohar Velpuri, Stefanie Bohms, Yonas Demissie, Mekonnen Gebremichael
2014, Water Resources Research (50) 8625-8650
In this study, we integrated satellite-drived precipitation and modeled evapotranspiration data (2000–2012) to describe spatial variability of hydrologic sources and sinks in the Nile Basin. Over 2000–2012 period, 4 out of 11 countries (Ethiopia, Tanzania, Kenya, and Uganda) in the Nile Basin showed a positive water balance while three downstream...
A suggestion for computing objective function in model calibration
Yiping Wu, Shuguang Liu
2014, Ecological Informatics (24) 107-111
A parameter-optimization process (model calibration) is usually required for numerical model applications, which involves the use of an objective function to determine the model cost (model-data errors). The sum of square errors (SSR) has been widely adopted as the objective function in various optimization procedures. However, ‘square error’ calculation was...
Energy demands for maintenance, growth, pregnancy, and lactation of female Pacific walruses (Odobenus rosmarus divergens)
Shawn R. Noren, Mark S. Udevitz, Chadwick V. Jay
2014, Physiological and Biochemical Zoology (87) 837-854
Decreases in sea ice have altered habitat use and activity patterns of female Pacific walruses Odobenus rosmarus divergens and could affect their energetic demands, reproductive success, and population status. However, a lack of physiological data from walruses has hampered efforts to develop the bioenergetics models required for fully understanding potential...
Estimates of natural salinity and hydrology in a subtropical estuarine ecosystem: implications for Greater Everglades restoration
Frank E. Marshall, G. Lynn Wingard, Patrick A. Pitts
2014, Estuaries and Coasts (37) 1449-1466
Disruption of the natural patterns of freshwater flow into estuarine ecosystems occurred in many locations around the world beginning in the twentieth century. To effectively restore these systems, establishing a pre-alteration perspective allows managers to develop science-based restoration targets for salinity and hydrology. This paper describes a process to develop...
MTpy: A Python toolbox for magnetotellurics
Lars Krieger, Jared R. Peacock
2014, Computers & Geosciences (72) 167-175
We present the software package MTpy that allows handling, processing, and imaging of magnetotelluric (MT) data sets. Written in Python, the code is open source, containing sub-packages and modules for various tasks within the standard MT data processing and handling scheme. Besides the independent definition of classes and functions, MTpy provides wrappers and...
Factors influencing nest survival and productivity of Red-throated Loons (Gavia stellata) in Alaska
Daniel Rizzolo, Joel A. Schmutz, Sarah E. McCloskey, Thomas F. Fondell
2014, The Condor (116) 574-587
Red-throated Loon (Gavia stellata) numbers in Alaska have fluctuated dramatically over the past 3 decades; however, the demographic processes contributing to these population dynamics are poorly understood. To examine spatial and temporal variation in productivity, we estimated breeding parameters at 5 sites in Alaska: at Cape Espenberg and the Copper...
Predicting probability of occurrence and factors affecting distribution and abundance of three Ozark endemic crayfish species at multiple spatial scales
Matthew S. Nolen, Daniel D. Magoulick, Robert J. DiStefano, Emily M. Imhoff, Brian K. Wagner
2014, Freshwater Biology (59) 2374-2389
Crayfishes and other freshwater aquatic fauna are particularly at risk globally due to anthropogenic demand, manipulation and exploitation of freshwater resources and yet are often understudied. The Ozark faunal region of Missouri and Arkansas harbours a high level of aquatic biological diversity, especially in regard to endemic crayfishes....
Last interglacial plant macrofossils and climates from Ziegler Reservoir, Snowmass Village, Colorado, USA
Laura E. Strickland, Richard G. Baker, Robert S. Thompson, Dane M. Miller
2014, Quaternary Research (82) 553-566
Ninety plant macrofossil taxa from the Ziegler Reservoir fossil site near Snowmass Village, Colorado, record environmental changes at high elevation (2705 m asl) in the Rocky Mountains during the Last Interglacial Period. Present-day vegetation is aspen forest (Populus tremuloides) intermixed with species of higher (Picea, Abies) and lower (Artemisia, Quercus) elevations. Stratigraphic units 4–13...
A systematic approach towards the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems
Jeff A. Ardron, Malcolm R. Clark, Andrew J. Penney, Thomas F. Hourigan, Ashley A. Rowden, Piers K. Dunstan, Les Watling, Timothy M. Shank, Di M. Tracey, Matthew R. Dunn, Steven J. Parker
2014, Marine Science (49) 146-154
The United Nations General Assembly in 2006 and 2009 adopted resolutions that call for the identification and protection of vulnerable marine ecosystems (VMEs) from significant adverse impacts of bottom fishing. While general criteria have been produced, there are no guidelines or protocols that elaborate on the process from initial identification through to...
Relationships between annual plant productivity, nitrogen deposition and fire size in low-elevation California desert scrub
Leela E. Rao, John R. Matchett, Matthew L. Brooks, Robert Johns, Richard A. Minnich, Edith B. Allen
2014, International Journal of Wildland Fire (24) 48-58
Although precipitation is correlated with fire size in desert ecosystems and is typically used as an indirect surrogate for fine fuel load, a direct link between fine fuel biomass and fire size has not been established. In addition, nitrogen (N) deposition can affect fire risk through its fertilisation effect on...
Inland capture fishery contributions to global food security and threats to their future
So-Jung Youn, William W. Taylor, Abigail J. Lynch, Ian G. Cowx, T. Douglas Beard Jr., Devin Bartley, Felicia Wu
2014, Global Food Security (3) 142-148
Inland fish and fisheries play important roles in ensuring global food security. They provide a crucial source of animal protein and essential micronutrients for local communities, especially in the developing world. Data concerning fisheries production and consumption of freshwater fish are generally inadequately assessed, often leading decision makers to undervalue...
