Rapid mapping of ultrafine fault zone topography with structure from motion
Kendra Johnson, Edwin Nissen, Srikanth Saripalli, J. Ramon Arrowsmith, Patrick McGarey, Katherine M. Scharer, Patrick Williams, Kimberly Blisniuk
2014, Geosphere (10) 969-986
Structure from Motion (SfM) generates high-resolution topography and coregistered texture (color) from an unstructured set of overlapping photographs taken from varying viewpoints, overcoming many of the cost, time, and logistical limitations of Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) and other topographic surveying methods. This paper provides the first investigation of SfM...
Modelling methane emissions from natural wetlands by development and application of the TRIPLEX-GHG model
Qing Zhu, Jinxun Liu, C. Peng, H. Chen, X. Fang, H. Jiang, G. Yang, D. Zhu, W. Wang, X. Zhou
2014, Geoscientific Model Development (7) 981-999
A new process-based model TRIPLEX-GHG was developed based on the Integrated Biosphere Simulator (IBIS), coupled with a new methane (CH4) biogeochemistry module (incorporating CH4 production, oxidation, and transportation processes) and a water table module to investigate CH4 emission processes and dynamics that occur in natural wetlands. Sensitivity analysis indicates that...
Error propagation in energetic carrying capacity models
Aaron T. Pearse, Joshua D. Stafford
2014, Journal of Conservation Planning (10) 17-24
Conservation objectives derived from carrying capacity models have been used to inform management of landscapes for wildlife populations. Energetic carrying capacity models are particularly useful in conservation planning for wildlife; these models use estimates of food abundance and energetic requirements of wildlife to target conservation actions. We provide a general...
Groundwater discharge by evapotranspiration, Dixie Valley, west-central Nevada, March 2009-September 2011
C. Amanda Garcia, Jena M Huntington, Susan G. Buto, Michael T. Moreo, J. LaRue Smith, Brian J. Andraski
2014, Professional Paper 1805
With increasing population growth and land-use change, urban communities in the desert Southwest are progressively looking toward remote basins to supplement existing water supplies. Pending applications by Churchill County for groundwater appropriations from Dixie Valley, Nevada, a primarily undeveloped basin east of the Carson Desert, have prompted a reevaluation of...
Assessment of the spatial extent and height of flooding in Lake Champlain during May 2011, using satellite remote sensing and ground-based information
David M. Bjerklie, Thomas J. Trombley, Scott A. Olson
2014, Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5163
Landsat 5 and moderate resolution imaging spectro-radiometer satellite imagery were used to map the area of inundation of Lake Champlain, which forms part of the border between New York and Vermont, during May 2011. During this month, the lake’s water levels were record high values not observed in the previous...
Concentration and flux of total and dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, chloride, and total suspended solids for monitored tributaries of Lake Champlain, 1990-2012
Laura Medalie
2014, Open-File Report 2014-1209
Annual and daily concentrations and fluxes of total and dissolved phosphorus, total nitrogen, chloride, and total suspended solids were estimated for 18 monitored tributaries to Lake Champlain by using the Weighted Regressions on Time, Discharge, and Seasons regression model. Estimates were made for 21 or 23 years, depending on data...
SToRM: A Model for Unsteady Surface Hydraulics Over Complex Terrain
Francisco J. Simoes
2014, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Hydroscience & Engineering
A two-dimensional (depth-averaged) finite volume Godunov-type shallow water model developed for flow over complex topography is presented. The model is based on an unstructured cellcentered finite volume formulation and a nonlinear strong stability preserving Runge-Kutta time stepping scheme. The numerical discretization is founded on the classical and well established shallow...
Evidence for a marine incursion along the lower Colorado River corridor
Kristin McDougall, Adriana Yanet Miranda Martinez
2014, Geosphere (10) 842-869
Foraminiferal assemblages in the stratigraphically lower part of the Bouse Formation in the Blythe Basin indicate marine conditions whereas assemblages in the upper part of the Bouse Formation indicate lacustrine conditions and suggest the presence of a saline lake. Benthic foraminiferal assemblages in the lower part of the Bouse...
Estimates of vital rates for a declining loggerhead turtle (Caretta caretta) subpopulation: implications for management
Margaret M. Lamont, Ikuko Fujisaki, Raymond R. Carthy
2014, Marine Biology (161) 2659-2668
Because subpopulations can differ geographically, genetically and/or phenotypically, using data from one subpopulation to derive vital rates for another, while often unavoidable, is not optimal. We used a two-state open robust design model to analyze a 14-year dataset (1998–2011) from the St. Joseph Peninsula, Florida (USA; 29.748°, −85.400°) which is...
Development of a shared vision for groundwater management to protect and sustain baseflows of the Upper San Pedro River, Arizona, USA
Holly E. Richter, Bruce Gungle, Laurel J. Lacher, Dale S. Turner, Brooke M. Bushman
2014, Water (6) 2519-2538
Groundwater pumping along portions of the binational San Pedro River has depleted aquifer storage that supports baseflow in the San Pedro River. A consortium of 23 agencies, business interests, and non-governmental organizations pooled their collective resources to develop the scientific understanding and technical tools required to optimize the management of...
Developing and testing temperature models for regulated systems: a case study on the Upper Delaware River
Jeffrey C. Cole, Kelly O. Maloney, Matthias Schmid, James E. McKenna Jr.
2014, Journal of Hydrology (519) 588-598
Water temperature is an important driver of many processes in riverine ecosystems. If reservoirs are present, their releases can greatly influence downstream water temperatures. Models are important tools in understanding the influence these releases may have on the thermal regimes of downstream rivers. In this study, we developed and tested...
Carbonate margin, slope, and basin facies of the Lisburne Group (Carboniferous-Permian) in northern Alaska
Julie A. Dumoulin, Craig A. Johnson, John F. Slack, Kenneth J. Bird, Michael T. Whalen, Thomas E. Moore, Anita G. Harris, Paul B. O’Sullivan
Klaas Verwer, Ted E. Playton, Paul M. Harris, editor(s)
2014, Book chapter, Deposits, architecture, and controls of carbonate margin, slope and basinal settings
The Lisburne Group (Carboniferous-Permian) consists of a carbonate platform that extends for >1000 km across northern Alaska, and diverse margin, slope, and basin facies that contain world-class deposits of Zn and Ba, notable phosphorites, and petroleum source rocks....
Temporal variability of carbon and nutrient burial, sediment accretion, and mass accumulation over the past century in a carbonate platform mangrove forest of the Florida Everglades.
Josh L. Breithaupt, Joseph M. Smoak, Thomas J. Smith III, Christian J. Sanders
2014, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (119) 2032-2048
The objective of this research was to measure temporal variability in accretion and mass sedimentation rates (including organic carbon (OC), total nitrogen (TN), and total phosphorous (TP)) from the past century in a mangrove forest on the Shark River in Everglades National Park, USA. The 210Pb Constant Rate of Supply...
An online database for informing ecological network models: http://kelpforest.ucsc.edu
Rodrigo Beas-Luna, Mark Novak, Mark H. Carr, M. Tim Tinker, August Black, Jennifer E. Caselle, Michael Hoban, Dan Malone, Alison C. Iles
2014, PLoS ONE (9)
Ecological network models and analyses are recognized as valuable tools for understanding the dynamics and resiliency of ecosystems, and for informing ecosystem-based approaches to management. However, few databases exist that can provide the life history, demographic and species interaction information necessary to parameterize ecological network models. Faced with the difficulty...
Temperature drives global patterns in forest biomass distribution in leaves, stems, and roots
Peter B. Reich, Yunjian Lou, John B. Bradford, Hendrik Poorter, Charles H. Perry, Jacek Oleksyn
2014, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (111) 13721-13726
Whether the fraction of total forest biomass distributed in roots, stems, or leaves varies systematically across geographic gradients remains unknown despite its importance for understanding forest ecology and modeling global carbon cycles. It has been hypothesized that plants should maintain proportionally more biomass in the organ that acquires the most...
Bioaccumulation and toxicity of CuO nanoparticles by a freshwater invertebrate after waterborne and dietborne exposures
Marie Noele Croteau, Superb K. Misra, Samuel N. Luoma, Eugenia Valsami-Jones
2014, Environmental Science & Technology (48) 10929-10937
The incidental ingestion of engineered nanoparticles (NPs) can be an important route of uptake for aquatic organisms. Yet, knowledge of dietary bioavailability and toxicity of NPs is scarce. Here we used isotopically modified copper oxide (65CuO) NPs to characterize the processes governing their bioaccumulation in a freshwater snail after waterborne...
An empirical approach to modeling methylmercury concentrations in an Adirondack stream watershed
Douglas A. Burns, Elizabeth A. Nystrom, David M. Wolock, Paul M. Bradley, Karen Riva-Murray
2014, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (119) 1970-1984
Inverse empirical models can inform and improve more complex process-based models by quantifying the principal factors that control water quality variation. Here we developed a multiple regression model that explains 81% of the variation in filtered methylmercury (FMeHg) concentrations in Fishing Brook, a fourth-order stream in the Adirondack Mountains, New...
Interannual observations and quantification of summertime H2O ice deposition on the Martian CO2 ice south polar cap
Adrian J. Brown, Sylvain Piqueux, Timothy N. Titus
2014, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (405) 102-109
The spectral signature of water ice was observed on Martian south polar cap in 2004 by the Observatoire pour l'Mineralogie, l'Eau les Glaces et l'Activite (OMEGA) ( Bibring et al., 2004). Three years later, the OMEGA instrument was used to discover water ice deposited during southern summer on the polar...
Detection of North American land cover change between 2005 and 2010 with 250m MODIS Data
Rene Colditz, Darren Pouliot, Ricardo Llamas, Collin Homer, Rasim Latifovic, Rainer Ressl, Carmen Meneses Tovar, Arturo Herneandez, Karen Richardson
2014, Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing (80) 918-924
No abstract available....
An enhanced model of land water and energy for global hydrologic and earth-system studies
Paul C.D. Milly, Sergey L. Malyshev, Elena Shevliakova, Krista A. Dunne, Kirsten L. Findell, Tom Gleeson, Zhi Liang, Peter Phillips, Ronald J. Stouffer, Sean Swenson
2014, Journal of Hydrometeorology (15) 1739-1761
LM3 is a new model of terrestrial water, energy, and carbon, intended for use in global hydrologic analyses and as a component of earth-system and physical-climate models. It is designed to improve upon the performance and to extend the scope of the predecessor Land Dynamics (LaD) and LM3V models by...
Use of stable isotopes of nitrogen and water to identify sources of nitrogen in three urban creeks of Durham, North Carolina, 2011-12
Kristen Bukowski McSwain, Megan B. Young, Mary L. Giorgino
2014, Scientific Investigations Report 2014-5171
A preliminary assessment of nitrate sources was conducted in three creeks that feed nutrient impaired Falls and Jordan Lakes in the vicinity of Durham County, North Carolina, from July 2011 to June 2012. Cabin Branch, Ellerbe Creek, and Third Fork Creek were sampled monthly to determine if sources of nitrate...
Sediment-hosted stratabound copper assessment of the Neoproterozoic Roan Group, central African copperbelt, Katanga Basin, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia
Michael L. Zientek, James D. Bliss, David W. Broughton, Michael Christie, Paul Denning, Timothy S. Hayes, Murray W. Hitzman, John D. Horton, Susan Frost-Killian, Douglas J. Jack, Sharad Master, Heather L. Parks, Cliff D. Taylor, Anna B. Wilson, Niki E. Wintzer, Jon Woodhead
2014, Scientific Investigations Report 2010-5090-T
This study estimates the location, quality, and quantity of undiscovered copper in stratabound deposits within the Neoproterozoic Roan Group of the Katanga Basin in the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zambia. The study area encompasses the Central African Copperbelt, the greatest sediment-hosted copper-cobalt province in the world, containing 152...
Accounting for false-positive acoustic detections of bats using occupancy models
Matthew J. Clement, Thomas J. Rodhouse, Patricia C. Ormsbee, Joseph M. Szewczak, James D. Nichols
2014, Journal of Applied Ecology (51) 1460-1467
1. Acoustic surveys have become a common survey method for bats and other vocal taxa. Previous work shows that bat echolocation may be misidentified, but common analytic methods, such as occupancy models, assume that misidentifications do not occur. Unless rare, such misidentifications could lead to incorrect inferences with significant management...
Depth gradients in food-web processes linking habitats in large lakes: Lake Superior as an exemplar ecosystem
Michael E. Sierszen, Thomas R. Hrabik, Jason D. Stockwell, Anne M Cotter, Joel C. Hoffman, Daniel L. Yule
2014, Freshwater Biology (59) 2122-2136
In large lakes around the world, depth-based changes in the abundance and distribution of invertebrate and fish species suggest that there may be concomitant changes in patterns of resource allocation. Using Lake Superior of the Laurentian Great Lakes as an example, we explored this idea through stable isotope analyses of...
Variable population exposure and distributed travel speeds in least-cost tsunami evacuation modelling
Stuart A. Fraser, Nathan J. Wood, David A. Johnston, Graham S. Leonard, Paul D. Greening, Tiziana Rossetto
2014, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (14) 2975-2991
Evacuation of the population from a tsunami hazard zone is vital to reduce life-loss due to inundation. Geospatial least-cost distance modelling provides one approach to assessing tsunami evacuation potential. Previous models have generally used two static exposure scenarios and fixed travel speeds to represent population movement. Some analyses have assumed...
