Modeling three-dimensional flow over spur-and-groove morphology
Renan da Silva, Curt D. Storlazzi, Justin S. Rogers, Johan Reyns, Robert T. McCall
2020, Coral Reefs (39) 1841-1858
Spur-and-groove (SAG) morphology characterizes the fore reef of many coral reefs worldwide. Although the existence and geometrical properties of SAG have been well documented, an understanding of the hydrodynamics over them is limited. Here, the three-dimensional flow patterns over SAG formations, and a sensitivity of those...
Estimating population-specific predation effects on Chinook salmon via data integration
Mark H. Sorel, Richard W. Zabel, Devin S. Johnson, A. Michelle Wargo Rub, Sarah J. Converse
Hamish McCallum, editor(s)
2020, Journal of Applied Ecology (58) 372-381
Recent success in the conservation of many marine mammals has resulted in new management challenges due to increasing conflict with fisheries. Increasing predation by pinnipeds on threatened salmon is of particular concern. Seemingly, pinniped conservation is now in conflict with the recovery of threatened salmon, creating a dilemma for...
Optimizing release strategies: A stepping-stone approach to reintroduction
N.A. Lloyd, Nathan J. Hostetter, C.L. Jackson, Sarah J. Converse, A. Moehrenschlager
2020, Article
Evaluation of alternative management strategies enables informed decisions to accelerate species recovery. For reintroductions, post-release survival to reproductive age is a key parameter influencing population growth. Here we trial a ‘stepping-stone’ method to maximize the success of captive-bred animals when the availability of more suitable wild-born release candidates is limited....
Expanding the feasibility of fish and wildlife assessments with close-kin mark–recapture
Benjamin Marcy-Quay, Suresh Sethi, Nina O. Therkildsen, Clifford E. Kraft
2020, Ecosphere (11)
Close-kin mark–recapture (CKMR) is a powerful new method for the assessment of fish and wildlife population dynamics. Unlike traditional mark–recapture techniques, the use of kinship as an identifying mark is robust to many forms of capture heterogeneity including variation in gear efficiency and tagging-based effects such as loss and differential...
Determining habitat limitations of Maumee River walleye production to western Lake Erie fish stocks: Documenting a spawning ground barrier
Brian Schmidt, Taaja Tucker, Jessica Collier, Christine Mayer, Edward F. Roseman, Wendylee Stott, Jeremy J. Pritt
2020, Journal of Great Lakes Research (46) 1661-1673
Tributaries provide spawning habitat for three of four major sub-stocks of Lake Erie walleye (Sander vitreus). Despite anthropogenic degradation and the extirpation of other potamodromous species, the Maumee River, Ohio, USA continues to support one of the largest fish migrations in the Laurentian Great Lakes. To determine if spawning habitat...
Patterns and isotopic composition of greenhouse gases under ice in lakes of interior Alaska
Madeline O’Dwyer, David Butman, Robert G. Striegl, Mark M. Dornblaser, Kimberly P. Wickland, Catherine D. Kuhn, Matthew J. Bogard
2020, Environmental Research Letters (15)
Arctic and boreal lake greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) are an important component of regional carbon (C) budgets. Yet the magnitude and seasonal patterns of lake GHG emissions are poorly constrained, because sampling is limited in these remote landscapes, particularly during winter and shoulder seasons. To better define...
A latent process model approach to improve the utility of indicator species
Jillian Elizabeth Fleming, Chris Sutherland, Sean C Sterrett, Evan H. Campbell Grant
2020, Oikos (129) 1753-1762
The state of an ecosystem is governed by dynamic biotic and abiotic processes, which can only be partially observed. Costs associated with measuring each component limit the feasibility of comprehensive assessments of target ecosystems. Instead, indicator species are recommended as a surrogate index. While this is...
Can oceanic prey effects on growth and time to fledging mediate terrestrial predator limitation of an at‐risk seabird?
Timothy Knudson, James R. Lovvorn, M. James Lawonn, Robin Corcoran, Dan Roby, John F. Piatt, William Pyle
2020, Ecosphere (11)
Most seabird species nest colonially on cliffs or islands with limited terrestrial predation, so that oceanic effects on the quality or quantity of prey fed to chicks more often determine nest success. However, when predator access increases, impacts can be dramatic, especially when exposure to predators is extended due to...
Linking mesoscale meteorology with extreme landscape response: Effects of narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFR)
Brian D. Collins, N. S. Oakley, Jonathan P. Perkins, Amy E. East, Skye C. Corbett, Benjamin J. Hatchett
2020, Journal of Geophysical Research - Earth Surface (125)
Landscapes evolve in response to prolonged and/or intense precipitation resulting from atmospheric processes at various spatial and temporal scales. Whereas synoptic (large‐scale) features (e.g., atmospheric rivers and hurricanes) govern regional‐scale hydrologic hazards such as widespread flooding, mesoscale features such as thunderstorms or squall lines are more likely...
An open-sourced, web-based application to improve our ability to understand hunter and angler purchasing behavior from license data
Nathaniel B. Price, Christopher J. Chizinski, Joseph J. Fontaine, Kevin L. Pope, Micaela Rahe, Jeff Rawlinson
Baogui Xin, editor(s)
2020, PLoS ONE (15) 1-17
State fish and wildlife agencies rely on hunters and anglers (i.e., sportspersons) to fund management actions through revenue generated from license sales and excise taxes on hunting and fishing equipment. There is a need to develop new techniques that bridge the information gap on participation and provide agencies with an...
Two ensemble approaches for forecasting sulfur dioxide concentrations from Kīlauea volcano
Lacey Holland, Steven Businger, Tamar Elias, Tiziana Cherubini
2020, Weather and Forecasting (35) 1923-1937
Kīlauea volcano, located on the island of Hawaii, is one of the most active volcanoes in the world. It was in a state of nearly continuous eruption from 1983 to 2018 with copious emissions of...
Annotated bibliography of scientific research on greater sage-grouse published from 2015 to 2019
Sarah K. Carter, Robert S. Arkle, Heidi L. Bencin, Benjamin R. Harms, Daniel J. Manier, Aaron N. Johnston, Susan L. Phillips, Steven E. Hanser, Zachary H. Bowen
2020, Open-File Report 2020-1103
The greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter GRSG) has been a focus of scientific investigation and management action for the past two decades. The 2015 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service listing determination of “not warranted” was in part due to a large-scale collaborative effort to develop strategies to conserve GRSG populations...
Pesticide mixtures show potential toxicity to aquatic life in U.S. streams, water years 2013-2017
S. Alex Covert, Megan E. Shoda, Sarah M. Stackpoole, Wesley W. Stone
2020, Science of the Total Environment (745)
During water years (WY) 2013–2017, the U.S. Geological Survey, National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project, sampled the National Water Quality Network – Rivers and Streams (NWQN) year-round and reported on 221 pesticides at 72 sites across the United States in agricultural, developed, and mixed land use watersheds. The Pesticide Toxicity...
Pressure coring operations during The University of Texas-Gulf of Mexico 2-1 (UT-GOM2-1) Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition in Green Canyon Block 955, northern Gulf of Mexico
Carla Thomas, Stephen C. Phillips, Peter B. Flemings, Manasij Santra, Helen Hammon, Timothy Collett, Ann Cook, Tom Pettigrew, Mike Mimitz, Melanie Holland, Peter Schultheiss
2020, AAPG Bulletin (104) 1877-1901
In May 2017, The University of Texas Hydrate Pressure Coring Expedition Gulf of Mexico 2-1 (UT-GOM2-1) drilled two adjacent holes in Green Canyon Block 955 in the deep-water Gulf of Mexico as part of The University of Texas at Austin and US Department of Energy Deepwater Methane Hydrate Characterization and...
Assessing the efficacy of protected and multiple-use lands for bird conservation in the U.S.
L. Lynnette Dornak, Jocelyn L. Aycrigg, John R. Sauer, Courtney J. Conway
2020, PLoS ONE (15)
Setting land aside has long been a primary approach for protecting biodiversity; however, the efficacy of this approach has been questioned. We examined whether protecting lands positively influences bird species in the U.S., and thus overall biodiversity. We used the North American Breeding Bird Survey and Protected Areas Database of...
Nodal seismograph recordings of the 2019 Ridgecrest Earthquake Sequence
Rufus D. Catchings, Mark Goldman, Jamison Haase Steidl, Joanne Chan, Amir A. Allam, Coyn Criley, Zhenning Ma, Daniel S. Langermann, Garet Jax Huddleston, Andrian T. McEvilly, Daniel David Thomas Mongovin, Yehuda Ben-Zion
2020, Seismological Research Letters (91) 3622-3633
The 2019 Ridgecrest, California earthquake sequence included Mw 6.4 and Mw 7.1 earthquakes that occurred on successive days beginning on 4 July 2019. These two largest earthquakes of the sequence occurred on orthogonal faults that ruptured the Earth’s surface. To better evaluate the 3D subsurface fault structure, (P- and S-wave)...
Shifting food web structure during dam removal—Disturbance and recovery during a major restoration action
Sarah A. Morley, Melissa M Foley, Jeffrey J. Duda, Mathew M Beirne, Rebecca L Paradis, Rachelle Carina Johnson, Michael L. McHenry, Mel Elofson, Earnest M Sampson, Randall E McCoy, Justin Stapleton, George R. Pess
2020, PLoS ONE (15)
We measured food availability and diet composition of juvenile salmonids over multiple years and seasons before and during the world’s largest dam removal on the Elwha River, Washington State. We conducted these measurements over three sediment-impacted sections (the estuary and two sections of the river downstream of each dam) and...
Comparing simulations of umbrella-cloud growth and ash transport with observations from Pinatubo, Kelud, and Calbuco volcanoes
Larry G. Mastin, Alexa R. Van Eaton
2020, Atmosphere (11)
The largest explosive volcanic eruptions produce umbrella clouds that drive ash radially outward, enlarging the area that impacts aviation and ground-based communities. Models must consider the effects of umbrella spreading when forecasting hazards from these eruptions. In this paper we test a version of the advection–dispersion model Ash3d that considers...
Wildlife resistance and protection in a changing New England landscape
Schuyler B. Pearman-Gillman, Matthew J. Duveneck, James D. Murdoch, Therese M. Donovan
2020, PLoS ONE (15)
Rapid changes in climate and land use threaten the persistence of wildlife species. Understanding where species are likely to occur now and in the future can help identify areas that are resistant to change over time and guide conservation planning. We estimated changes in species distribution patterns and spatial resistance...
Investigation of the 2018 thick-billed murre (Uria lomvia) die-off on St. Lawrence Island rules out food shortage as the cause
Alexis Will, Jean-Baptiste Thiebot, S. Ip, Panguk Shoogukwruk, Morgan Annogiyuk, Akinori Takahashi, Valerie I. Shearn-Bochsler, Mary-Lea Killian, Mia Kim Torchetti, Alexander Kitaysky
2020, Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (181-182)
Die-offs of seabirds in Alaska have occurred with increased frequency since 2015. In 2018, on St. Lawrence Island, seabirds were reported washing up dead on beaches starting in late May, peaking in June, and continuing until early August. The cause of...
Phytoremediation of slightly brackish, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon‐contaminated groundwater from 250 ft below land surface: A pilot‐scale study using salt‐tolerant, endophyte‐enhanced hybrid poplar trees at a Superfund site in the Central Valley of California, April‒November 2019
James E. Landmeyer, Steven Rock, John Freeman, Greg Nagle, Mark Samolis, Herb Levine, Anna-Marie Cook, Harry O’Neill
2020, Remediation Journal (31) 73-89
Slightly brackish groundwater contaminated by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) at a Superfund site in the Central Valley of California was pumped from 250 feet below land surface to a water storage tank using solar power and then gravity‐fed into 18, 330‐gallon intermediate bulk containers (totes) as follows:(1)Five totes...
Unfamiliar territory: Emerging themes for ecological drought research and management
Shelley D. Crausbay, Julio L. Betancourt, John B. Bradford, Jennifer M. Cartwright, William C. Dennison, Jason B. Dunham, Carolyn Armstrong Enquist, Abby G. Frazier, Kimberly R. Hall, Jeremy S. Littell, Charlie H. Luce, Richard Palmer, Aaron R. Ramirez, Imtiaz Rangwala, Laura Thompson, Brianne M. Walsh, Shawn Carter
2020, One Earth (3) 337-353
Novel forms of drought are emerging globally, due to climate change, shifting teleconnection patterns, expanding human water use, and a history of human influence on the environment that increases the probability of transformational ecological impacts. These costly ecological impacts cascade to human communities, and understanding this changing drought landscape is...
Improving the accessibility and transferability of machine learning algorithms for identification of animals in camera trap images: MLWIC2
Michael A. Tabak, Mohammad S. Norouzzadeh, David W. Wolfson, Erica J. Newton, Raoul K. Boughton, Jacob S. Ivan, Eric Odell, Eric S. Newkirk, Reesa Y. Conrey, Jennifer L. Stenglein, Fabiola Iannarilli, John Erb, Ryan K. Brook, Amy J. Davis, Jesse S. Lewis, Daniel P. Walsh, James C Beasley, Kurt C. Vercauteren, Jeff Clune, Ryan S. Miller
2020, Ecology and Evolution (10) 10374-10383
Motion‐activated wildlife cameras (or “camera traps”) are frequently used to remotely and noninvasively observe animals. The vast number of images collected from camera trap projects has prompted some biologists to employ machine learning algorithms to automatically recognize species in these images, or at least filter‐out images...
Habitat use by tiger prey in Thailand’s Western Forest Complex: What will it take to fill a half-full tiger landscape?
Pornkamol Jornburom, Somphot Duangchantrasiri, Sitthichai Jinamoy, Anak Pattanavibool, James E. Hines, Todd W. Arnold, John Fieberg, James L D Smith
2020, Journal for Nature Conservation (58)
Tiger populations are declining globally, and depletion of major ungulate prey is an important contributing factor. To better understand factors affecting prey distribution in Thailand’s Western Forest Complex (WEFCOM), we conducted sign surveys for gaur (Bos gaurus), banteng (Bos javanicus), and sambar (Rusa...
Concealment of juvenile bull trout in response to temperature, light, and substrate: Implications for detection
Russell F. Thurow, James T. Peterson, Gwynne L. Chandler, Christine M. Moffitt, Theodore C. Bjornn
2020, PLoS ONE (15)
Bull trout (Salvelinus confluentus) are challenging to detect as a result of the species cryptic behavior and coloration, relatively low densities in complex habitats, and affinity for cold, high clarity, low conductivity waters. Bull trout are also closely associated with the stream bed, frequently conceal in substrate, and this concealment behavior...
