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The Geological Survey has been the foremost agency in the investigation of ground‐water resources in the United States beginning about 1910. Most of the basic principles of modern ground‐water hydrology were developed in the Survey's program of cooperative investigations. Use of ground water in the United States in 1960 was about 17½ percent of all water uses, excluding water power. The use will probably increase, though at a decreasing rate. Although amount of use may level off, the...

Recently determined lead-alpha and potassium-argon ages from northern southeastern Alaska indicate major plutonic events in the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Tertiary; in contrast, previous studies suggested that only one complex Jurassic and Cretaceous event occurred. The ages presented in this paper indicate the following Mesozoic and Tertiary plutonic events: Middle or...

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Valley City, North Dakota, has an average daily water use of 750,000 gallons, which is obtained from wells tapping pattly confined gravel deposits in the Sheyenne River valley. These deposits at Valley City have a maximum thickness of more than 50 feet and an areal extent of approximately 1 square...

Values of γ±KCl over temperature and molality ranges of 10° to 50°C and 0.01 to 1.0 molal were determined with an electromotive-force cell: potassium-sensitive glass electrode, KCl (molality), Ag-AgCl. A more satisfactory method than is commonly employed was devised for treating the experimental measurements of potential....

The Harney Lake and Malheur Lake candidate areas are in the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, north-central Harney County, Oreg. The two areas occupy the shallow center of the Harney Basin, a broad structural and physiographic depression filled by several varieties of silicic to mafic volcanic rocks, sedimentary rocks, and unconsolidated...

During a study of hypogene manganese minerals, three silver-bearing manganese oxides were identified in "black calcite" associated with silver ores at the Aurora mine (Treasure Hill), Hamilton, Nevada. Specifically these are: (1) argentian chalcophanite (aurorite) (Ag 2 Ba,Ca,Pb,-K 2 ,Cu,Mn (super +2) )Mn 3 (super +4) O 7 . 3H 2 O; (2) argentian todorokite (Ag 2 ,K 2 ,Ca,Ba,-Na 2 ,Cu,Pb)Mn 4 (super +4) O 9 . 5H 2 O; and...

In the southwest part of the Liberty pit a large porphyry body exhibits a zonal alteration pattern related to fissures and pyrite-bearing veins. The outermost zone contains unaltered K-feldspar, kaolinite after plagioclase, and black biotite after hornblende. An intermediate zone contains reconstituted K-feldspar, phlogopitic biotite, and muscovite or muscovite plus...

Measurements made between December 1957 and January 1966 of the gravity difference between the McMurdo Sound pendulum station, which is on bedrock, and the South Pole station, which is on the Antarctic ice sheet, show a gravity increase at the South Pole of 0.11 milligals per year. The most likely...

The average rate of downslope movement of rock fragments on shale hillslopes is directly proportional to the sine of the slope angle or that component of the gravitational force which acts parallel to the hillslope. The rates of surficial rock creep range from a few millimeters per year on a...

Betweeen the northwest-trending Sierra Nevada and the north-northeast-trending ranges that characterize most of the Great Basin section of the Basin and Range province is a belt of confused and divergent topographic forms, which is approximately 50 miles wide and 300 miles long. Along the eastern part of this belt is...

On eruption, the tholeiitic basalt lava of the prehistoric Makaopuhi lake contained nearly seven percent euhedral olivine phenocrysts of approximately Fa14 composition. In the center of the 225 foot vertical section of the lake, the lava became more than 90 percent solid at 1000° C after about 30 years. At the...

Teeth of mastodons and mastodons have been recovered by fishermen from at least 40 sites on the continental shelf as deep as 120 meters. Also present are submerged shorelines, peat deposits, lagoonal shells, and relict sands. Evidently elephants and other large mammals ranged this region during the glacial stage of...

Graphs and tables obtained from continuous records of surface-water temperature from five stations for the period july 1963 through December 1965 and of surface, salinity, dissolved oxygen, turbidity, tide-stage, wind data and bottom temperature from a single station are presented herein. Effects of powerplant cooling water on water temperature were...

Prospecting for gold is something that probably everyone dreams of trying at least once. To the person who is mainly concerned with this activity as a vacation diversion, prospecting offers a special excitement. There is a constant hope that the next pan of sediment may be "pay dirt," and no...

The Flattery Rocks, Quillayute Needles, and Copalis National Wildlife Refuges lie off the Pacific coast of the Olympic Peninsula between Cape Flattery and Grays Harbor. They have a total land area of 247 acres and consists of numerous small islands, sea stacks and rocks that rise above a wave-cut platform....

The surface-water records for the 1966 water year for gaging stations, partial-record stations, and miscellaneous sites within the State of Indiana are given in this report. For convenience there are also included records for a few pertinent gaging stations in bordering states. The quality-of-water investigations of the U.S. Geological Survey are...

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The continued drought in northeastern New Jersey through the summer of 1966 with its attendant water-supply problems resulted in an extension of the drought-disaster test-drilling program originally requested by the Office of Emergency Planning on August 30, 1965. Authorization to continue test drilling was fiven by the Office of Emergency...

A slice of geologic history is exposed to view in the Denver, Colorado area. Denver is situated on the High Plains near the east front of the Rocky Mountains. As one travels westward from Denver toward the mountains, successively older rocks are crossed from the geologically young rocks of the...

This study of the geometry of limestone solution is based on the following conditions: (1) the limestone is impermeable but contains and transmits water in joints, fractures, bedding‐plane partings, and solution channels; (2) at depth, the limestone aquifer is underlain by impermeable rock; (3) ground water in the limestone is under water‐table conditions; (4) recharge to the limestone is by infiltration of precipitation through the overlying rock...

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