Biocrust science and global change
Sasha C. Reed, Manuel Delgado-Baquerizo, Scott Ferrenberg
2019, New Phytologist (223) 1047-1051
Global environmental changes such as climate and land‐use change affect ecosystems worldwide, and this New Phytologist Virtual Issue brings together fundamental research questions and novel approaches associated with the study of biological soil crusts in the context of such shifts. In a changing world, organisms can display a limited set...
Assessment of continuous oil resources in the Eastern Great Basin Province of Nevada, Utah, and Idaho, 2018
Christopher J. Schenk, Tracey J. Mercier, Cheryl A. Woodall, Thomas M. Finn, Stephanie B. Gaswirth, Kristen R. Marra, Phuong A. Le, Michael E. Brownfield, Heidi M. Leathers-Miller, Ronald M. Drake II, Scott A. Kinney
2019, Fact Sheet 2019-3002
The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) quantitatively assessed the potential for undiscovered, technically recoverable continuous oil and gas resources in the Eastern Great Basin Province (Anna and others, 2007) of Nevada, Utah, and Idaho (fig. 1). The assessment focused on the area of the province between the Roberts Mountains and Sevier thrust systems (Peterson, 1994). The...
Estimating minimum streamflow from measurements at ungauged sites in regions with streamflow‐gauging networks
Christopher P. Konrad
2019, Hydrological Processes (33) 2057-2067
Estimation of low flows in rivers continues to be a vexing problem despite advances in statistical and process‐based hydrological models. We develop a method to estimate minimum streamflow at seasonal to annual timescales from measured streamflow based on regional similarity in the deviations of daily streamflow from minimum streamflow for a period of interest....
Offshore shallow structure and sediment distribution, Point Sur to Point Arguello, central California
Samuel Y. Johnson, Stephen R. Hartwell, Janet T. Watt, Jeffrey W. Beeson, Peter Dartnell
2019, Open-File Report 2018-1158
This publication consists of three map sheets that display shallow geologic structure, along with sediment distribution and thickness, for an about 225-km-long offshore section of the central California coast between Point Sur and Point Arguello. Each map sheet includes three maps, at scales of either 1:150,000 or 1:200,000, as well...
Observations of American Shad Alosa sapidissima approaching and using a vertical slot fishway at the head-of-tide Brunswick Dam on the Androscoggin River, Maine
Daniel M. Weaver, Michael Brown, Joseph D. Zydlewski
2019, Fisheries Bulletin (39) 989-998
American Shad Alosa sapidissima have historically supported an important fishery along the Atlantic coastal waters of North America. However, the construction of dams reduced populations and restricted landings. Fishways are intended to mitigate obstacles to anadromous fish migrations, but a thorough evaluation of their efficiency is warranted. We...
Age truncation of alewife in Lake Michigan
T. Vidal, Brian J. Irwin, Charles P. Madenjian, S. J. Wenger
2019, Journal of Great Lakes Research (45) 958-968
Empirical evidence has shown increased variability in harvest and recruitment of exploited fish populations, which can result directly from exploitation or indirectly from interactions between external drivers and the internal dynamics of age-structured populations. We investigated whether predation in a freshwater...
Environmental DNA assays for invasive populations of the Black Carp, Mylopharyngodon piceus, in North America
Xin Guan, E.M. Monroe, K.D. Bockrath, Erica L. Mize, C.B. Rees, Denise L. Lindsay, Kelly L. Baerwaldt, Leo Nico, Richard F. Lance
2019, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (148) 1043-1055
The Black Carp, Mylopharyngodon piceus, is an increasingly widespread invasive species in North America that threatens freshwater mussel populations. We developed four qPCR assays for detecting environmental DNA (eDNA) from these Black Carp populations. Assays were designed to target four mitochondrial DNA loci and were based on 34 complete mitochondrial...
Diel feeding behavior in a partially migrant Mysis population: A benthic-pelagic comparison
Brian O’Malley, Jason D. Stockwell
2019, Food Webs (20)
Populations that exhibit partial migration include migrants and non-migrants. For benthic-pelagic organisms that exhibit partial diel vertical migration (PDVM), migrants and non-migrants spend different amounts of time in benthic and pelagic foraging arenas over a diel cycle. For example, mysids exhibit PDVM and can feed on benthic and pelagic resources....
Cohesive framework for modeling plant cover class data
Kathryn Irvine, Wilson J. Wright, Erin K. Shanahan, Thomas J. Rodhouse
2019, Methods in Ecology and Evolution (10) 1749-1760
The study of plant distribution and abundance is a fundamental pursuit in ecology and conservation biology. Measuring plant abundance by visually assessing percent cover and recording a cover class is a common field method that yields ordinal data. Statistical models for ordinal data exist but entail cumbersome interpretations and...
Crustal architecture beneath the southern Midcontinent (USA) and controls on Mesoproterozoic iron-oxide mineralization from 3D geophysical models
Anne E. McCafferty, Jeffrey D. Phillips, Albert H. Hofstra, Warren C. Day
2019, Ore Geology Reviews (111)
Several types of critical mineral-bearing ore deposits in the southern Midcontinent region of the U.S. are hosted in Mesoproterozoic igneous rocks largely concealed beneath Paleozoic cover. Discerning the architecture of igneous intrusions and volcanic centers in the crust is fundamental to understanding the geologic evolution of this vast region and...
Spatiotemporal variability in energetic condition of alewife and round goby in Lake Michigan
David Bunnell, Steven A. Pothoven, Patricia Dieter, Lauren A. Eaton, David Warner, Ashley K. Elgin, Lyuba E. Burlakova, Alexander Y. Karatayev
2019, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (76) 1982-1992
Pelagic-oriented alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) and benthic-oriented round goby (Neogobius melanostomus) are two important prey fishes in the Laurentian Great Lakes. In 2015, we evaluated their seasonal total energy (TE) across nine Lake Michigan transects. Round goby contained at least 48% more kilojoules of TE than alewife of equal length during...
Thermotectonic history of the Kluane Ranges and evolution of the eastern Denali Fault Zone in southwestern Yukon, Canada
Robert G. McDermott, Alexis K. Ault, Jonathan S. Caine, Stuart N. Thomson
2019, Tectonics (38) 2983-3010
Exhumation and landscape evolution along strike‐slip fault systems reflect tectonic processes that accommodate and partition deformation in orogenic settings. We present 17 new apatite (U‐Th)/He (He), zircon He, apatite fission‐track (FT), and zircon FT dates from the eastern Denali fault zone (EDFZ) that bounds the Kluane Ranges in Yukon, Canada....
Fish assemblages in a Mississippi reservoir mudflat with low structural complexity
H. R. Hatcher, Leandro E. Miranda, M. E. Colvin, G. Coppola, M. A. Lashley
2019, Hydrobiologia (841) 163-175
In shallow reservoirs, seasonal water drawdowns expose littoral areas and over time produce barren mudflats. When flooded, mudflats provide homogeneous substrates, turbid water, and eroding shorelines of limited ecological value. We hypothesized that in mudflats structurally complex habitats are occupied by more fish, smaller fish of a larger range in...
Filling knowledge gaps in a threatened shorebird flyway through satellite tracking
Yin-Chi Chan, T. Lee Tibbitts, Tamar Lok, Chris Hassell, He-Bo Peng, Zhijun Ma, Zhengwang Zhang, Theunis Piersma
2019, Journal of Applied Ecology (56) 2305-2315
Satellite‐based technologies that track individual animal movements enable the mapping of their spatial and temporal patterns of occurrence. This is particularly useful in poorly studied or remote regions where there is a need for the rapid gathering of relevant ecological knowledge to inform management actions. One such region is...
Improving population estimates of threatened spectacled eiders: Correcting aerial counts for visibility bias
Tyler Lewis, Michael Swaim, Joel A. Schmutz, Julian Fischer
2019, Endangered Species Research (39) 191-206
Listed as threatened under the Endangered Species Act in 1993, the Spectacled Eider (Somateria fischeri) population in western Alaska has since rebounded, prompting an assessment of their suitability for delisting. This assessment, however, is limited by aerial-based population estimates that are incompletely corrected for unobserved eiders. Notably, aerial counts of...
Effects of manure and tillage on edge-of-field phosphorus loss in seasonally frozen landscapes
Zachariah P. Zopp, Matthew D. Ruark, Anita M. Thompson, Todd D. Stuntebeck, Eric Cooley, Amber Radatz, Timothy Radatz
2019, Journal of Environmental Quality (48) 966-977
Environmental conditions and management practices affect nutrient losses in surface runoff, but their relative impacts on phosphorus (P) loss during frozen and nonfrozen ground periods have not been well quantified. More specifically, the relative importance of manure application, tillage, and soil-test P (STP) has not been assessed at the field...
Freezing resistance, safety margins, and survival vary among big sagebrush populations across the western United States
Brynne Lazarus, Matthew J. Germino, Bryce A. Richardson
2019, American Journal of Botany (106) 922-934
PremisePhysiological responses to temperature extremes are considered strong drivers of species’ demographic responses to climate variability. Plants are typically classified as either avoiders or tolerators in their freezing‐resistance mechanism, but a gradient of physiological‐threshold freezing responses may exist among individuals of a species. Moreover, adaptive significance of...
The eruptions of Sinabung and Kelud Volcanoes, Indonesia
Kasbani, Hendra Gunawan, Wendy A. McCausland, John S. Pallister, Masato Iguchi, Setsuya Nakada
2019, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (382) 1-5
No abstract available....
Coexisting discrete bodies of rhyolite and punctuated volcanism characterize Yellowstone's post‐Lava Creek Tuff caldera evolution
Christy B Till, Jorge A. Vazquez, Mark E. Stelten, Hannah I Shamloo, Jamie S Shaffer
2019, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (20) 3861-3881
Ion‐microprobe 206Pb/238U geochronology and trace element geochemistry of the unpolished rims and sectioned interiors of zircons from Yellowstone caldera's oldest post‐caldera lavas provide insight into the magmatic system during the prelude and aftermath of the caldera‐forming Lava Creek supereruption. The post‐caldera lavas compose the Upper Basin Member of the Plateau Rhyolite...
Effects of infiltration characteristics on the spatial-temporal evolution of stability of an interstate highway embankment
Eric Hinds, Ning Lu, Benjamin B. Mirus, Alexandra Wayllace
2019, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering (145)
Infiltration-induced landslides are among the most common natural disasters threatening modern civilization, but conventional methods for studying the triggering mechanisms and predicting the occurrence of these slides are limited by incomplete consideration of underlying physical processes and the lack of precision inherent in limit-equilibrium analyses. To address this problem the...
The dream and the reality: Meeting decision-making time frames while incorporating ecosystem and economic models into management strategy evaluation
J.J. Deroba, S.K. Gaichas, Min-Yang Lee, Rachael G. Feeney, D. Boelke, Brian J. Irwin
2019, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (76)
Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in the Northwest Atlantic have been managed with interim harvest control rules (HCRs). A stakeholder-driven management strategy evaluation (MSE) was conducted that incorporated a broad range of objectives. The MSE process was completed within 1 year. Constant catch, conditional constant catch, and a biomass-based (BB) HCR...
Water-quality, bed-sediment, and biological data (October 2016 through September 2017) and statistical summaries of data for streams in the Clark Fork Basin, Montana
Tom Cleasby, Michelle I. Hornberger, Terry L. Heinert, Matthew A. Turner
2019, Open-File Report 2019-1060
Water, bed sediment, and biota were sampled in selected streams from Butte to near Missoula, Montana, as part of a monitoring program in the Clark Fork Basin of western Montana. The sampling program was led by the U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, to characterize...
Black bears alter movements in response to anthropogenic features with time of day and season
Katherine A. Zeller, David Wattles, Laura Conlee, Stephen DeStefano
2019, Movement Ecology (7)
BackgroundWith the growth and expansion of human development, large mammals will increasingly encounter humans, elevating the likelihood of human-wildlife conflicts. Understanding the behavior and movement of large mammals, particularly around human development, is important for crafting effective conservation and management plans for these species.MethodsWe used GPS...
Heat flow in the Western Arctic Ocean (Amerasian Basin)
Carolyn D. Ruppel, A.H. Lachenbruch, Deborah Hutchinson, Robert Munroe, David Mosher
2019, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (124) 7562-7587
From 1963 to 1973 the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) measured heat flow at 356 sites in the Amerasian Basin (Western Arctic Ocean) from a drifting ice island (T-3). The resulting measurements, which are unevenly distributed on Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge (AMR) and in Canada and Nautilus basins, greatly expand available heat flow...
A phylogenomic supertree of birds
Rebecca T Kimball, Carl H Oliveros, Ning Wang, Noor D White, F. Keith Barker, Daniel J Field, Daniel T Ksepka, Terry Chesser, Robert G Moyle, Michael J Braun, Robb T Brumfield, Brant C Faircloth, Brian Tilston-Smith, Edward L Braun
2019, Diversity (11) 35
It has long been appreciated that analyses of genomic data (e.g., whole genome sequencing or sequence capture) have the potential to reveal the tree of life, but it remains challenging to move from sequence data to a clear understanding of evolutionary history, in part due to the computational challenges of...
