Competition favors elk over beaver in a riparian willow ecosystem
B.W. Baker, H.R. Peinetti, M.C. Coughenour, T. L. Johnson
2012, Ecosphere (3) 1-15
Beaver (Castor spp.) conservation requires an understanding of their complex interactions with competing herbivores. Simulation modeling offers a controlled environment to examine long-term dynamics in ecosystems driven by uncontrollable variables. We used a new version of the SAVANNA ecosystem model to investigate beaver (C....
Restoration of movement patterns of the Hawaiian Goose
Steven C. Hess, Christina R. Leopold, Kathleen Misajon, Darcy Hu, John J. Jeffrey
2012, Wilson Journal of Ornithology (124) 478-486
We used visual observations of banded individuals and satellite telemetry from 2007 to 2011 on Hawai′i Island to document movement patterns of the Hawaiian Goose (Branta sandvicensis), commonly known as Nene. Visual observations of numbered leg bands identified >19% and ≤10% of 323 geese at one of two breeding sites...
Trajectory of early tidal marsh restoration: elevation, sedimentation and colonization of breached salt ponds in the northern San Francisco Bay
L. Arriana Brand, Lacy M. Smith, John Y. Takekawa, Nicole D. Athearn, Karen Taylor, Gregory Shellenbarger, David H. Schoellhamer, Renee Spenst
2012, Ecological Engineering (42) 19-29
Tidal marsh restoration projects that cover large areas are critical for maintaining target species, yet few large sites have been studied and their restoration trajectories remain uncertain. A tidal marsh restoration project in the northern San Francisco Bay consisting of three breached salt ponds (≥300 ha each; 1175 ha total)...
User Manual for SAHM package for VisTrails
C.B. Talbert, M.K. Talbert
2012, Report
The Software for Assisted Habitat I\•1odeling (SAHM) has been created to both expedite habitat modeling and help maintain a record of the various input data, pre-and post-processing steps and modeling options incorporated in the construction of a species distribution model. The four main advantages to using the combined VisTrail: SAHM...
The spatial scale for cisco recruitment dynamics in Lake Superior during 1978-2007
Benjamin J. Rook, Michael J. Hansen, Owen T. Gorman
2012, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (32) 499-514
The cisco Coregonus artedi was once the most abundant fish species in the Great Lakes, but currently cisco populations are greatly reduced and management agencies are attempting to restore the species throughout the basin. To increase understanding of the spatial scale at which density‐independent and density‐dependent factors influence cisco recruitment dynamics in...
The effect of size and competition on tree growth rate in old-growth coniferous forests
Adrian Das
2012, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (42) 1983-1995
Tree growth and competition play central roles in forest dynamics. Yet models of competition often neglect important variation in species-specific responses. Furthermore, functions used to model changes in growth rate with size do not always allow for potential complexity. Using a large data set from old-growth forests in California, models...
Impact assessment of extreme storm events using a Bayesian network
C. den Heijer, Dirk T.J.A. Knipping, Nathaniel G. Plant, Jaap S. M. van Thiel de Vries, Fedor Baart, Pieter H. A. J. M. van Gelder
2012, Conference Paper, Coastal Engineering 2012: Proceedings of the 33rd International Conference on Coastal Engineering
This paper describes an investigation on the usefulness of Bayesian Networks in the safety assessment of dune coasts. A network has been created that predicts the erosion volume based on hydraulic boundary conditions and a number of cross-shore profile indicators. Field measurement data along a large part of the Dutch...
Response of the North American monsoon to regional changes in ocean surface temperature
John A. Barron, Sarah E. Metcalfe, Jason A. Addison
2012, Paleoceanography (27)
The North American monsoon (NAM), an onshore wind shift occurring between July and September, has evolved in character during the Holocene largely due to changes in Northern Hemisphere insolation. Published paleoproxy and modeling studies suggest that prior to ∼8000 cal years BP, the NAM affected a broader region than today,...
Tracking lava flow emplacement on the east rift zone of Kilauea, Hawai’i with synthetic aperture radar (SAR) coherence
Hannah R. Dietterich, Michael P. Poland, David Schmidt, Katharine V. Cashman, David R. Sherrod, Arkin Tapia Espinosa
2012, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (13)
Lava flow mapping is both an essential component of volcano monitoring and a valuable tool for investigating lava flow behavior. Although maps are traditionally created through field surveys, remote sensing allows an extraordinary view of active lava flows while avoiding the difficulties of mapping on location. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR)...
Selection of the Mars Science Laboratory landing site
M. Golombek, J. Grant, D. Kipp, A. Vasavada, Randolph L. Kirk, Robin L. Fergason, P. Bellutta, F. Calef, K. Larsen, Y. Katayama, A. Huertas, R. Beyer, A. Chen, T. Parker, B. Pollard, S. Lee, R. Hoover, H. Sladek, J. Grotzinger, R. Welch, E. Noe Dobrea, J. Michalski, M. Watkins
2012, Space Science Reviews (170) 641-737
The selection of Gale crater as the Mars Science Laboratory landing site took over five years, involved broad participation of the science community via five open workshops, and narrowed an initial >50 sites (25 by 20 km) to four finalists (Eberswalde, Gale, Holden and Mawrth) based on science and safety....
Peninsular terrane basement ages recorded by Paleozoic and Paleoproterozoic zircon in gabbro xenoliths and andesite from Redoubt volcano, Alaska
Charles R. Bacon, Jorge A. Vazquez, Joseph L. Wooden
2012, Geological Society of America Bulletin (124) 24-34
Historically Sactive Redoubt volcano is an Aleutian arc basalt-to-dacite cone constructed upon the Jurassic–Early Tertiary Alaska–Aleutian Range batholith. The batholith intrudes the Peninsular tectonostratigraphic terrane, which is considered to have developed on oceanic basement and to have accreted to North America, possibly in Late Jurassic time. Xenoliths in Redoubt magmas...
Analysis options for estimating status and trends in long-term monitoring
Jonathan Bart, Hawthorne L. Beyer
2012, Book chapter, Design and Analysis of Long-term Ecological Monitoring Studies
This chapter describes methods for estimating long-term trends in ecological parameters. Other chapters in this volume discuss more advanced methods for analyzing monitoring data, but these methods may be relatively inaccessible to some readers. Therefore, this chapter provides an introduction to trend analysis for managers and biologists while also discussing...
Relating management practices and nutrient export in agricultural watersheds of the United States
Lori A. Sprague, Jo Ann M. Gronberg
2012, Journal of Environmental Quality (41) 1939-1950
Relations between riverine export (load) of total nitrogen (N) and total phosphorus (P) from 133 large agricultural watersheds in the United States and factors affecting nutrient transport were evaluated using empirical regression models. After controlling for anthropogenic inputs and other landscape factors affecting nutrient transport-such as runoff, precipitation, slope, number...
Numerical simulation of flow in deep open boreholes in a coastal freshwater lens, Pearl Harbor Aquifer, O‘ahu, Hawai‘i
Kolja Rotzoll
2012, Scientific Investigations Report 2012-5009
The Pearl Harbor aquifer in southern O‘ahu is one of the most important sources of freshwater in Hawai‘i. A thick freshwater lens overlays brackish and saltwater in this coastal aquifer. Salinity profiles collected from uncased deep monitor wells (DMWs) commonly are used to monitor freshwater-lens thickness. However, vertical flow in...
Nitrate removal in deep sediments of a nitrogen-rich river network: A test of a conceptual model
Robert S. Stelzer, Lynn Bartsch
2012, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences (117)
Many estimates of nitrogen removal in streams and watersheds do not include or account for nitrate removal in deep sediments, particularly in gaining streams. We developed and tested a conceptual model for nitrate removal in deep sediments in a nitrogen-rich river network. The model predicts that oxic, nitrate-rich groundwater will...
Evaluation of capture techniques for long-billed curlews wintering in Texas
Marc C. Woodin, Mary K. Skoruppa, Jeremy W. Edwardson, Jane E. Austin
2012, Bulletin of the Texas Ornithological Society (45) 12-22
Texas coast harbors the largest, eastern-most populations of Long-billed Curlews (Numenius americanus) in North America; however, very little is known about their migration and wintering ecology. Curlews are readily captured on their breeding grounds, but experience with capturing the species during the non-breeding season is extremely limited. We assessed the...
The role of spatial and temporal heterogeneity and competition in structuring trematode communities in the great pond snail, Lymnaea stagnalis (L.)
Miroslava Soldánová, Armand M. Kuris, Tomáš Scholz, Kevin D. Lafferty
2012, Journal of Parasitology (98) 460-471
We assessed how spatial and temporal heterogeneity and competition structure larval trematode communities in the pulmonate snail Lymnaea stagnalis. To postulate a dominance hierarchy, mark-release-recapture was used to monitor replacements of trematode species within snails over time. In addition, we sampled the trematode community in snails in different ponds in...
The 1909 Taipei earthquake: implication for seismic hazard in Taipei
Hiroo Kanamori, William H.K. Lee, Kuo-Fong Ma
2012, Geophysical Journal International (191) 126-146
The 1909 April 14 Taiwan earthquake caused significant damage in Taipei. Most of the information on this earthquake available until now is from the written reports on its macro-seismic effects and from seismic station bulletins. In view of the importance of this event for assessing the shaking hazard in the...
Tools for quantifying isotopic niche space and dietary variation at the individual and population level.
Seth D. Newsome, Justin D. Yeakel, Patrick V. Wheatley, M. Tim Tinker
2012, Journal of Mammalogy (93) 329-341
Ecologists are increasingly using stable isotope analysis to inform questions about variation in resource and habitat use from the individual to community level. In this study we investigate data sets from 2 California sea otter (Enhydra lutris nereis) populations to illustrate the advantages and potential pitfalls of applying various statistical...
Variations of transcript profiles between sea otters Enhydra lutris from Prince William Sound, Alaska, and clinically normal reference otters
A. Keith Miles, Lizabeth Bowen, Brenda E. Ballachey, James L. Bodkin, M. Murray, J.L. Estes, Robin A. Keister, J.L. Stott
2012, Marine Ecology Progress Series (451) 201-212
Development of blood leukocyte gene transcript profiles has the potential to expand condition assessments beyond those currently available to evaluate wildlife health, including sea otters Enhydra lutris, both individually and as populations. The 10 genes targeted in our study represent multiple physiological systems that play a role in immuno-modulation, inflammation,...
A shell-neutral modeling approach yields sustainable oyster harvest estimates: a retrospective analysis of the Louisiana state primary seed grounds
Thomas M. Soniat, John M. Klinck, Eric N. Powell, Nathan W. Cooper, Abdelguerfi, Eileen E. Hofmann, Janak Dahal, Shengru Tu, John Finigan, Benjamin S. Eberline, Jerome F. La Peyre, Megan K. LaPeyre, Fareed Qaddoura
2012, Journal of Shellfish Research (31) 1103-1112
A numerical model is presented that defines a sustainability criterion as no net loss of shell, and calculates a sustainable harvest of seed (<75 mm) and sack or market oysters (≥75 mm). Stock assessments of the Primary State Seed Grounds conducted east of the Mississippi from 2009 to 2011 show...
Molecular dynamics simulation of nitric oxide in myoglobin
Myung Won Lee, Markus Meuwly
2012, Journal of Physical Chemistry (116) 4154-4162
The infrared (IR) spectroscopy and ligand migration of photodissociated nitric oxide (NO) in and around the active sites in myoglobin (Mb) are investigated. A distributed multipolar model for open-shell systems is developed and used, which allows one to realistically describe the charge distribution around the diatomic probe molecule. The IR...
Structure, spectroscopy and dynamics of layered H2O and CO2 ices
Lee. Myung Won, Nuria Plattner, Markus Meuwly
2012, Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics (14) 15464-15474
Molecular dynamics simulations of structural, spectroscopic and dynamical properties of mixed water–carbon dioxide (H2O–CO2) ices are discussed over temperature ranges relevant to atmospheric and astrophysical conditions. The simulations employ multipolar force fields to represent electrostatic interactions which are essential for spectroscopic and dynamical investigations. It is found that at the...
Accuracy evaluation of an ASTER-Derived Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM) Version 1 and Version 2 for two sites in western Africa
Peter G. Chirico, Katherine C. Malpeli, Sarah M. Trimble
2012, GIScience and Remote Sensing (49) 775-801
This study compares the ASTER Global DEM version 1 (GDEMv1) and version 2 (GDEMv2) for two study sites with distinct terrain and land cover characteristics in western Africa. The effects of land cover, slope, relief, and stack number are evaluated through both absolute and relative DEM statistical comparisons. While GDEMv2...
Well log characterization of natural gas-hydrates
Timothy S. Collett, Myung W. Lee
2012, Book
In the last 25 years there have been significant advancements in the use of well-logging tools to acquire detailed information on the occurrence of gas hydrates in nature: whereas wireline electrical resistivity and acoustic logs were formerly used to identify gas-hydrate occurrences in wells drilled in Arctic permafrost environments, more...
