Observations of mixing and transport on a steep beach
Jenna A. Brown, Jamie H. MacMahan, Ad J. H. M. Reniers, Ed B. Thornton, Alan L. Shanks, Steven G. Morgan, Edie L. Gallagher
2019, Continental Shelf Research (178) 1-14
Surfzone mixing and transport on a sandy, steep (∼1/8 slope), reflective beach at Carmel River State Beach, California, are described for a range of wave and alongshore flow conditions. Depth-limited wave breaking occurred close to the shore due to the steepness of the beach, creating a narrow surf/swash zone (∼10 m...
The application of oyster reefs in shoreline protection: Are we over‐engineering for an ecosystem engineer?
R. L. Morris, D. M. Bilkovic, M. K. Boswell, D. Bushek, J. Cebrian, Josh Goff, K. M. Kibler, Megan K. LaPeyre, G. McClenachan, J. A. Moody, P. E. Sacks, J.P. Shinn, E. L. Sparks, N. A. Temple, L. J. Walters, B. M. Webb, S. E. Swearer
2019, Journal of Applied Ecology (56) 1703-1711
Oyster reef living shorelines have been proposed as an effective alternative to traditional coastal defence structures (e.g. bulkheads, breakwaters), with the benefit that they may keep pace with sea‐level rise and provide co‐benefits, such as habitat provision. However, there remains uncertainty about the effectiveness of shoreline protection provided by...
Syn-collisional exhumation of hot middle crust in the Adirondack Mountains (New York, USA): Implications for extensional orogenesis in the southern Grenville province
Sean Regan, Gregory J. Walsh, Michael L. Williams, Jeffrey R. Chiarenzelli, Megan E. Toft, Ryan J. McAleer
2019, Geosphere (15) 1-22
Extensional deformation in the lower to middle continental crust is increasingly recognized and shown to have significant impact on crustal architecture, magma emplacement, fluid flow, and ore deposits. Application of the concept of extensional strain to ancient orogenic systems, like the Grenville province of eastern North America, has helped decipher the structural evolution of...
Mercury concentrations vary within and among individual bird feathers: A critical evaluation and guidelines for feather use in mercury monitoring programs
Sarah H. Peterson, Joshua T. Ackerman, Matthew Toney, Mark P. Herzog
2019, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (38) 1164-1187
Feathers are widely used to represent mercury contamination in birds. Yet, few recommendations exist that provide guidance for using bird feathers in mercury monitoring programs. We conducted a literature review and 5 experiments to show that mercury concentrations vary substantially within (vane >100% higher than calamus) and among (>1000%) individual...
Digital database of the geologic map of the middle east rift geothermal subzone, Kīlauea Volcano, Hawai‘i
Michael H. Zoeller, Frank A. Trusdell, Richard B. Moore
2019, Data Series 1111
This database release contains all the information used to produce Geologic Investigations Series I-2614 (https://pubs.usgs.gov/imap/2614/). The main component of this digital release is a geodatabase prepared using ArcGIS, but Esri shapefiles are included as well.Kīlauea is an active shield volcano in the southeastern part of the...
Mercury exposure and altered parental nesting behavior in a wild songbird
C. Alex Hartman, Joshua T. Ackerman, Mark P. Herzog
2019, Environmental Science & Technology (53) 5396-5405
Methylmercury is a neurotoxin and endocrine disruptor and may impair avian reproduction directly through embryotoxicity or by altering parental care behaviors. We studied mercury exposure and incubation behavior of free-living tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) nesting in artificial nest boxes. Using small temperature dataloggers, we measured incubation constancy (the proportion of...
Influence of fire refugia spatial pattern on post-fire forest recovery in Oregon’s Blue Mountains
William M Downing, Meg A. Krawchuk, Garrett W Meigs, Sandra L. Haire, Jonathan D. Coop, Ryan B Walker, Ellen Whitman, Geneva W. Chong, Carol Miller
2019, Landscape Ecology (34) 771-792
ContextFire regimes in many dry forests of western North America are substantially different from historical conditions, and there is concern about the ability of these forests to recover following severe wildfire. Fire refugia, unburned or low-severity burned patches where trees survived fire, may serve as essential propagule sources...
Lotic freshwater: Rivers
Ellen Wohl, R. O. Hall Jr., David Walters
2019, Book chapter, Encyclopedia of the World’s Biomes
Ecosystems associated with rivers are intricately connected to their entire watershed. The river ecosystem includes the channel of active water flow, floodplain, and riparian and hyporheic zones. This ecosystem is shaped by interactions among the natural flow of water, sediments within the river and entering the river, and large wood...
Prominence of the tropics in the recent rise of global nitrogen pollution
Minjin Lee, Elena Shevliakova, Charles A. Stock, Sergey Malyshev, Paul C. D. Milly
2019, Nature Communications (10)
Nitrogen (N) pollution is shaped by multiple processes, the combined effects of which remain uncertain, particularly in the tropics. We use a global land biosphere model to analyze historical terrestrial-freshwater N budgets, considering the effects of anthropogenic N inputs, atmospheric CO2, land use, and climate. We estimate that globally, land...
Serologic evidence for influenza A virus exposure in three loon species (Gavia spp.) breeding in Alaska
Brian D. Uher-Koch, Timothy J. Spivey, Caroline R. Van Hemert, Joel A. Schmutz, Kaijun Jiang, Xiu-Feng Wan, Andrew M. Ramey
2019, Journal of Wildlife Diseases (55) 862-867
Limited information exists about exposure to influenza A viruses (IAVs) in many wild waterbird species, including loons. We analyzed serum samples from breeding adult Pacific (Gavia pacifica), Red-throated (Gavia stellata), and Yellow-billed (Gavia adamsii) loons sampled at three locations along the coast of Alaska, US from 2008 to 2017 to...
Geology and biostratigraphy of the Upper Floridan aquifer in the greater Savannah region, Georgia and South Carolina
Jean Self-Trail, Mercer Parker, John T. Haynes, Arthur P. Schultz, Paul. F. Huddleston
2019, Stratigraphy (16) 41-62
The Upper Floridan aquifer (UFA) of South Carolina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi, and Florida has been considered a regionally continuous stratigraphic sequence of Eocene to Miocene carbonate strata, with documented unconformities based on lithology and biostratigraphy. As part of an investigation of the regional subsurface geologic framework in the Atlantic Coastal...
Lakes as paleoseismic records in a seismically-active, low-relief area (Rieti Basin, central Italy)
Claire Archer, Paula Noble, Michael R. Rosen, Leonardo Sagnotti, Fabio Fiorindo, Gianluca Piovesan, Scott Mensing, Alessandro Michetti
2019, Quaternary Science Reviews (211) 186-207
Small lakes in low relief areas are atypical candidates for studies on paleoseismicity, but their sediments can contain seismically induced event layers (seismites) generated through strong ground shaking, sediment transport, hydrological reorganization and/or changes in groundwater chemistry and flow. Lakes Lungo and Ripasottile are shallow lakes (<10m deep) located in...
Biological effects of elevated major ions in surface water contaminated by a produced water from oil production
Ning Wang, James L. Kunz, Danielle M. Cleveland, Jeffery A. Steevens, Isabelle M. Cozzarelli
2019, Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (76) 670-677
Produced water (PW) from oil and gas extraction processes has been shown to contain elevated concentrations of major ions. The objective of this study was to determine the potential effects of elevated major ions in PW-contaminated surface water on a fish (fathead minnow, Pimephales promelas) and a unionid mussel (fatmucket,...
Assessing patterns of annual change to permafrost bluffs along the North Slope coast of Alaska using high-resolution imagery and elevation models
Ann E. Gibbs, Matt Nolan, Bruce M. Richmond, Alexander G. Snyder, Li Erikson
2019, Geomorphology (336) 152-164
Coastal permafrost bluffs at Barter Island, on the North Slope, Beaufort Sea Coast of Alaska are among the most rapidly eroding along Alaska’s coast, having retreated up to 132 m between 1955 and 2015. Here we quantify rates and patterns of change over a single year using very-high resolution orthophotomosaics...
Igneous rocks in the Fish Creek Mountains and environs, Battle Mountain area, north-central Nevada: A microcosm of Cenozoic igneous activity in the northern Great Basin, Basin and Range Province, USA
Brian L. Cousens, Christopher D. Henry, Christopher Stevens, Susan Varve, David A. John, Stacey Wetmore
2019, Earth Science Reviews (192) 403-444
The Great Basin of the western United States, the northern component of the Basin and Range Province, is a region of Cenozoic lithospheric extension with multiple periods and types of igneous activity. The composition and volume of Cenozoic magmas reflect a complex interaction between mantle-derived magmas and highly diverse crust, where...
Emerging investigator series: Atmospheric cycling of indium in the northeastern United States
Sarah Jane White, Harold F. Hemond
2019, Environmental Science: Processes and Impacts (21) 623-634
Indium is critical to the global economy and is used in an increasing number of electronics and new energy technologies. However, little is known about its environmental behavior or impacts, including its concentrations or cycling in the atmosphere. This study determined indium concentrations in air particulate matter at five locations...
Effects of age and environment on stable carbon isotope ratios in tree rings of riparian Populus
Jonathan M. Friedman, Craig A. Stricker, Adam Z Csank, Honghua Zhou
2019, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology (524) 25-32
Stable carbon isotopes of riparian tree rings are enabling improved reconstruction of past climate variability, but this advance is limited by difficulty distinguishing the effects of tree age from those of climate. We investigated relative influence of age and climate trends in genus Populus, which dominates floodplain forests in Europe,...
HyCReWW: A hybrid coral reef wave and water level metamodel
Ana C. Rueda, Laura Cagigal, Stuart Pearson, Jose Antolínez, Curt D. Storlazzi, Ap van Dongeren, Paula Camus, Fernando J. Mendez
2019, Computers & Geosciences (127) 85-90
Wave-induced flooding is a major coastal hazard on tropical islands fronted by coral reefs. The variability of shape, size, and physical characteristics of the reefs across the globe make it difficult to obtain a parameterization of wave run-up, which is needed for risk assessments. Therefore, we developed the HyCReWW metamodel...
Geology of the Hardeeville NW Quadrangle and parts of the Brighton and Pineland Quadrangles, Jasper County, South Carolina
Christopher S. Swezey, Arthur P. Schultz, William R. Doar III, Christopher P. Garrity, Christopher E. Bernhardt, E. Allen Crider Jr., Lucy E. Edwards, John P. McGeehin
2019, Scientific Investigations Map 3424
IntroductionThis publication portrays the geology of the Hardeeville NW quadrangle and parts of the Brighton and Pineland quadrangles that are within Jasper County, South Carolina. The study area is located in the Atlantic Coastal Plain province, approximately 50 to 70 kilometers (km) inland from the coast. The data are compiled...
Sea level rise in the Samoan Islands escalated by viscoelastic relaxation after the 2009 Samoa‐Tonga earthquake
Shin-Chan Han, Jeanne Sauber, Frederick Pollitz, Richard Ray
2019, Journal of Geophysical Research (124) 4142-4156
The Samoan islands are an archipelago hosting a quarter million people mostly residing in three major islands, Savai'i and Upolu (Samoa), and Tutuila (American Samoa). The islands have experienced sea level rise by 2–3 mm/year during the last half century. The rate, however, has dramatically increased following...
Flow alteration-ecology relationships in Ozark Highland streams: Consequences for fish, crayfish and macroinvertebrate assemblages
D.T. Lynch, D.R. Leasure, Daniel D. Magoulick
2019, Science of the Total Environment (672) 680-697
We examined flow alteration-ecology relationships in benthic macroinvertebrate, fish, and crayfish assemblages in Ozark Highland streams, USA, over two years with contrasting environmental conditions, a drought year (2012) and a flood year (2013). We hypothesized that: 1) there would be temporal variation in flow alteration-ecology relationships between the two years, 2) flow alteration-ecology...
Wetland drying linked to variations in snowmelt runoff across Grand Teton and Yellowstone national parks
Andrew M. Ray, Adam J. Sepulveda, Kathryn M. Irvine, Siri K.C. Wilmoth, David P. Thoma, Debra A. Patla
2019, Science of the Total Environment (666) 1188-1197
In Grand Teton and Yellowstone national parks wetlands offer critical habitat and play a key role in supporting biological diversity. The shallow depths and small size of many wetlands make them vulnerable to changes in climate compared with larger and deeper aquatic habitats. Here, we use a simple water balance...
Establishing molecular methods to quantitatively profile gastric diet items of fish—Application to the invasive blue catfish (ictalurus furcatus)
Deborah D. Iwanowicz, W. Bane Schill, Lakyn R. Sanders, Tim Groves, Mary C. Groves
2019, Open-File Report 2019-1021
Understanding the diet of invasive species helps researchers to more accurately assess the health, survivorship, growth, and stability of an invasive fish species, as well as their effects on native populations. Techniques capable of identifying multiple prey species from fish stomach contents have been developed. In this study, a multi-locus...
The MTPy software package for magnetotelluric data analysis and visualisation
Alison Kirkby, Fei Zhang, Jared R. Peacock, Rakib Hassan, Jingming Duan
2019, Journal of Open Source Software (4) 1358-1364
The magnetotelluric (MT) method is increasingly being applied to a wide variety of geoscience problems. However, the software available for MT data analysis and interpretation is still very limited in comparison to many of the more mature geophysical methods such as the gravity, magnetic or seismic reflection methods. MTPy is an open source...
Slow-growing and extended-duration seismicity swarms: Reactivating joints or foliations in the Cahuilla Valley Pluton, Central Peninsular Ranges, Southern California
E. Hauksson, Z. Ross, Elizabeth S. Cochran
2019, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (124)
Three prolific earthquake swarms and numerous smaller ones have occurred since 1980 in the Mesozoic igneous plutonic rocks of the Perris block of the Peninsular Ranges, Southern California. The major swarms occurred in 1980–1981, 1983–1984, and 2016–2018, with the latest swarm still ongoing. These swarms have no...
