Estimating equivalence with quantile regression
B.S. Cade
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 281-289
Equivalence testing and corresponding confidence interval estimates are used to provide more enlightened statistical statements about parameter estimates by relating them to intervals of effect sizes deemed to be of scientific or practical importance rather than just to an effect size of zero. Equivalence tests and confidence interval estimates are...
Nutrient loadings to streams of the Continental United States from municipal and industrial effluent
M.A. Maupin, T. Ivahnenko
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 950-964
Data from the United States Environmental Protection Agency Permit Compliance System national database were used to calculate annual total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) loads to surface waters from municipal and industrial facilities in six major regions of the United States for 1992, 1997, and 2002. Concentration and effluent...
Sources and Delivery of Nutrients to the Northwestern Gulf of Mexico from Streams in the South-Central United States
Richard A. Rebich, Natalie A. Houston, Scott V. Mize, Daniel Pearson, Patricia B. Ging, Hornig C. Evan
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 1061-1086
SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models were developed to estimate nutrient inputs [total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP)] to the northwestern part of the Gulf of Mexico from streams in the South‐Central United States (U.S.). This area included drainages of the Lower Mississippi, Arkansas‐White‐Red, and Texas‐Gulf hydrologic...
Radionuclides, trace elements, and radium residence in phosphogypsum of Jordan
R. A. Zielinski, M. S. Al-Hwaiti, J. R. Budahn, J. F. Ranville
2011, Environmental Geochemistry and Health (33) 149-165
Voluminous stockpiles of phosphogypsum (PG) generated during the wet process production of phosphoric acid are stored at many sites around the world and pose problems for their safe storage, disposal, or utilization. A major concern is the elevated concentration of long-lived 226Ra (half-life = 1,600 years) inherited from the processed...
Comparative phylogeography of a coevolved community: Concerted population expansions in Joshua trees and four Yucca moths
C.I. Smith, S. Tank, W. Godsoe, J. Levenick, Espen Strand, T. Esque, O. Pellmyr
2011, PLoS ONE (6)
Comparative phylogeographic studies have had mixed success in identifying common phylogeographic patterns among co-distributed organisms. Whereas some have found broadly similar patterns across a diverse array of taxa, others have found that the histories of different species are more idiosyncratic than congruent. The variation in the results of comparative phylogeographic...
Predicting carnivore occurrence with noninvasive surveys and occupancy modeling
Robert A. Long, Therese M. Donovan, Paula MacKay, William J. Zielinski, Jeffrey S. Buzas
2011, Landscape Ecology (26) 327-340
Terrestrial carnivores typically have large home ranges and exist at low population densities, thus presenting challenges to wildlife researchers. We employed multiple, noninvasive survey methods—scat detection dogs, remote cameras, and hair snares—to collect detection–nondetection data for elusive American black bears (Ursus americanus), fishers (Martes pennanti), and bobcats (<i...
Marine and terrestrial factors affecting Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliae chick growth and recruitment off the western Antarctic Peninsula
Erik W. Chapman, Eileen E. Hofmann, Donna L. Patterson, Christine A. Ribic, William R. Fraser
2011, Marine Ecology Progress Series (436) 273-289
An individual-based bioenergetics model that simulates the growth of an Adélie penguin Pygoscelis adeliaechick from hatching to fledging was used to assess marine and terrestrial factors that affect chick growth and fledging mass off the western Antarctic Peninsula. Simulations considered the effects on Adélie penguin fledging mass of (1) modification of...
Sparrow modeling to understand water-quality conditions in major regions of the United States: A featured collection introduction
S. D. Preston, R. B. Alexander, D.M. Wolock
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 887-890
No abstract available....
Spatial modeling for groundwater arsenic levels in North Carolina
D. Kim, M.L. Miranda, J. Tootoo, P. Bradley, A.E. Gelfand
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 4824-4831
To examine environmental and geologic determinants of arsenic in groundwater, detailed geologic data were integrated with well water arsenic concentration data and well construction data for 471 private wells in Orange County, NC, via a geographic information system. For the statistical analysis, the geologic units were simplified into four generalized...
A multi-agency nutrient dataset used to estimate loads, improve monitoring design, and calibrate regional nutrient SPARROW models
D. A. Saad, G. E. Schwarz, Dale M. Robertson, N.L. Booth
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 933-949
Stream‐loading information was compiled from federal, state, and local agencies, and selected universities as part of an effort to develop regional SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes (SPARROW) models to help describe the distribution, sources, and transport of nutrients in streams throughout much of the United States. After screening, 2,739...
Demonstration of a conceptual model for using LiDAR to improve the estimation of floodwater mitigation potential of Prairie Pothole Region wetlands
S. Huang, Caitlin Young, M. Feng, Hans Karl Heidemann, Matthew Cushing, D.M. Mushet, S. Liu
2011, Journal of Hydrology (405) 417-426
Recent flood events in the Prairie Pothole Region of North America have stimulated interest in modeling water storage capacities of wetlands and their surrounding catchments to facilitate flood mitigation efforts. Accurate estimates of basin storage capacities have been hampered by a lack of high-resolution elevation data. In this paper, we...
Potential shifts in dominant forest cover in interior Alaska driven by variations in fire severity
K. Barrett, A. David McGuire, E.E. Hoy, E.S. Kasischke
2011, Ecological Applications (21) 2380-2396
Large fire years in which >1% of the landscape burns are becoming more frequent in the Alaskan (USA) interior, with four large fire years in the past 10 years, and 79 000 km2 (17% of the region) burned since 2000. We modeled fire severity conditions for the entire area burned in large...
Sex effect on polychlorinated biphenyl concentrations in fish: a synthesis
C.P. Madenjian
2011, Fish and Fisheries (12) 451-460
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) accumulate in fish primarily via food intake, and therefore, PCBs serve as a chemical tracer for food consumption. Sex differences in PCB concentrations of fish have been attributed to the following three mechanisms: (i) females losing a substantial portion of their PCB body burden during spawning and...
Pressure waves in a supersaturated bubbly magma
I. Kurzon, V. Lyakhovsky, O. Navon, B. Chouet
2011, Geophysical Journal International (187) 421-438
We study the interaction of acoustic pressure waves with an expanding bubbly magma. The expansion of magma is the result of bubble growth during or following magma decompression and leads to two competing processes that affect pressure waves. On the one hand, growth in vesicularity leads to increased damping and...
Metallothionein-like multinuclear clusters of mercury(II) and sulfur in peat
K. L. Nagy, A. Manceau, J. D. Gasper, J. N. Ryan, G. R. Aiken
2011, Environmental Science & Technology (45) 7298-7306
Strong mercury(II)–sulfur (Hg-SR) bonds in natural organic matter, which influence mercury bioavailability, are difficult to characterize. We report evidence for two new Hg-SR structures using X-ray absorption spectroscopy in peats from the Florida Everglades with added Hg. The first, observed at...
Cougar survival and source-sink structure on Greater Yellowstone's Northern Range
T.K. Ruth, M.A. Haroldson, K.M. Murphy, P.C. Buotte, M.G. Hornocker, H.B. Quigley
2011, Journal of Wildlife Management (75) 1381-1398
We studied survival and causes of mortality of radiocollared cougars (Puma concolor) on the Greater Yellowstone Northern Range (GYNR) prior to (1987–1994) and after wolf (Canis lupus) reintroduction (1998–2005) and evaluated temporal, spatial, and environmental factors that explain variation in adult, subadult, and kitten survival. Using Program MARK and multimodel...
Bias-adjusted satellite-based rainfall estimates for predicting floods: Narayani Basin
M.S. Shrestha, G. A. Artan, S.R. Bajracharya, D.K. Gautam, S.A. Tokar
2011, Journal of Flood Risk Management (4) 360-373
In Nepal, as the spatial distribution of rain gauges is not sufficient to provide detailed perspective on the highly varied spatial nature of rainfall, satellite‐based rainfall estimates provides the opportunity for timely estimation. This paper presents the flood prediction of Narayani Basin at the Devghat hydrometric station (32 000 km2) using bias‐adjusted...
Scented guide ropes as a method to enhance brown treesnake (Boiga irregularis) trap capture success on Guam
L.C. Mason, J. A. Savidge, G.H. Rodda, A. A. Yackel Adams
2011, Journal of Herpetology (45) 308-312
Current methods for controlling the invasive Brown Treesnake (Boiga irregularis) on Guam include a modified minnow trap with a live mouse lure. We investigated the effects on capture success of augmenting these traps with scented guide ropes leading to trap entrances. Initial screening of scent preferences was based on...
East Antarctic rifting triggers uplift of the Gamburtsev Mountains
Fausto Ferraccioli, Carol A. Finn, Tom A. Jordan, Robin E. Bell, Lester M. Anderson, Detlef Damaske
2011, Nature (479) 388-392
The Gamburtsev Subglacial Mountains are the least understood tectonic feature on Earth, because they are completely hidden beneath the East Antarctic Ice Sheet. Their high elevation and youthful Alpine topography, combined with their location on the East Antarctic craton, creates a paradox that has puzzled researchers since the mountains were...
Estimating water supply arsenic levels in the New England bladder cancer study
J.R. Nuckols, Freeman L.E. Beane, J.H. Lubin, M.S. Airola, D. Baris, J. D. Ayotte, A. Taylor, C. Paulu, M.R. Karagas, J. Colt, M.H. Ward, A.-T. Huang, W. Bress, S. Cherala, D.T. Silverman, K.P. Cantor
2011, Environmental Health Perspectives (119) 1279-1285
Background: Ingestion of inorganic arsenic in drinking water is recognized as a cause of bladder cancer when levels are relatively high (≥ 150 µg/L). The epidemiologic evidence is less clear at the low-to-moderate concentrations typically observed in the United States. Accurate retrospective exposure assessment over a long time period is...
The Regionalization of National-Scale SPARROW Models for Stream Nutrients
Gregory E. Schwarz, Richard B. Alexander, Richard A. Smith, Stephen D. Preston
2011, Journal of the American Water Resources Association (47) 1151-1172
This analysis modifies the parsimonious specification of recently published total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) national‐scale SPAtially Referenced Regressions On Watershed attributes models to allow each model coefficient to vary geographically among three major river basins of the conterminous United States. Regionalization of the national models reduces the standard...
Mapping permeability over the surface of the Earth
T. Gleeson, L. Smith, N. Moosdorf, J. Hartmann, H.H. Durr, Andrew H. Manning, L. P. H. Van Beek, A. Mark Jellinek
2011, Geophysical Research Letters (38)
Permeability, the ease of fluid flow through porous rocks and soils, is a fundamental but often poorly quantified component in the analysis of regional‐scale water fluxes. Permeability is difficult to quantify because it varies over more than 13 orders of magnitude and is heterogeneous and dependent on flow direction. Indeed,...
Late-Holocene climate evolution at the WAIS Divide site, West Antarctica: Bubble number-density estimates
John M. Fegyveresi, R. B. Alley, M. K. Spencer, J. J. Fitzpatrick, E.J. Steig, J.W.C. White, J.R. McConnell, K.C. Taylor
2011, Journal of Glaciology (57) 629-638
A surface cooling of ∼1.7°C occurred over the ∼two millennia prior to ∼1700 CE at the West Antarctic ice sheet (WAIS) Divide site, based on trends in observed bubble number-density of samples from the WDC06A ice core, and on an independently constructed accumulation-rate history using annual-layer dating corrected for density...
Critical nitrogen deposition loads in high-elevation lakes of the western US inferred from paleolimnological records
J.E. Saros, David W. Clow, T. Blett, A.P. Wolfe
2011, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (216) 193-202
Critical loads of nitrogen (N) from atmospheric deposition were determined for alpine lake ecosystems in the western US using fossil diatom assemblages in lake sediment cores. Changes in diatom species over the last century were indicative of N enrichment in two areas, the eastern Sierra Nevada, starting between 1960 and...
A probabilistic seismic risk assessment procedure for nuclear power plants: (I) Methodology
Y.-N. Huang, A.S. Whittaker, N. Luco
2011, Nuclear Engineering and Design (241) 3996-4003
A new procedure for probabilistic seismic risk assessment of nuclear power plants (NPPs) is proposed. This procedure modifies the current procedures using tools developed recently for performance-based earthquake engineering of buildings. The proposed procedure uses (a) response-based fragility curves to represent the capacity of structural and nonstructural components of NPPs,...
