Monitoring land use on military installations
K.A. Karstensen, Thomas R. Loveland
2009, Military Engineer (101) 47-48
The US Geological Survey's Land Cover Trends is a research projects aimed to understand the rates, trends, causes, and consequences of contemporary US land use and land-cover change. The project is using the EPA Level III eco-regions as a geographic framework to process geospatial data collected between 1973 and 2000...
Interactions among wildland fires in a long-established Sierra Nevada natural fire area
B.M. Collins, J.D. Miller, A. E. Thode, M. Kelly, J. W. van Wagtendonk, S.L. Stephens
2009, Ecosystems (12) 114-128
We investigate interactions between successive naturally occurring fires, and assess to what extent the environments in which fires burn influence these interactions. Using mapped fire perimeters and satellite-based estimates of post-fire effects (referred to hereafter as fire severity) for 19 fires burning relatively freely over a 31-year period, we demonstrate...
Pliocene three-dimensional global ocean temperature reconstruction
H.J. Dowsett, M.M. Robinson, K.M. Foley
2009, Climate of the Past Discussions (5) 1901-1928
A snapshot of the thermal structure of the mid-Piacenzian ocean is obtained by combining the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping Project (PRISM3) multiproxy sea-surface temperature (SST) reconstruction with bottom water tempera-5 ture estimates produced using Mg/Ca paleothermometry. This reconstruction assumes a Pliocene water mass framework similar to that which...
PCDDs, PCDFs, PCBs, OC pesticides and mercury in fish and osprey eggs from Willamette River, Oregon (1993, 2001 and 2006) with calculated biomagnification factors
Charles J. Henny, J. L. Kaiser, R. A. Grove
2009, Ecotoxicology (18) 151-173
The osprey (Pandion haliaetus) population nesting along the main stem Willamette River and lower Santiam River was first studied to evaluate contaminants and reproductive rates in 1993 when 78 occupied nests were present. By 2001, the population increased to 234 occupied nests, a 13.7% annual rate of population increase. A...
Sensitivity analysis, calibration, and testing of a distributed hydrological model using error‐based weighting and one objective function
L. Foglia, Mary C. Hill, Steffen W. Mehl, P. Burlando
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
We evaluate the utility of three interrelated means of using data to calibrate the fully distributed rainfall‐runoff model TOPKAPI as applied to the Maggia Valley drainage area in Switzerland. The use of error‐based weighting of observation and prior information data, local sensitivity analysis, and single‐objective function nonlinear regression provides quantitative...
Spatial-temporal patterns in Mediterranean carnivore road casualties: Consequences for mitigation
C. Grilo, J.A. Bissonette, M. Santos-Reis
2009, Biological Conservation (142) 301-313
Many carnivores have been seriously impacted by the expansion of transportation systems and networks; however we know little about carnivore response to the extent and magnitude of road mortality, or which age classes may be disproportionately impacted. Recent research has demonstrated that wildlife-vehicle-collisions (WVC) involving carnivores are modulated by temporal...
Mapping of hazard from rainfall-triggered landslides in developing countries: Examples from Honduras and Micronesia
E. L. Harp, M.E. Reid, J.P. McKenna, J. A. Michael
2009, Engineering Geology (104) 295-311
Loss of life and property caused by landslides triggered by extreme rainfall events demonstrates the need for landslide-hazard assessment in developing countries where recovery from such events often exceeds the country's resources. Mapping landslide hazards in developing countries where the need for landslide-hazard mitigation is great but the resources are...
Deficit irrigation of a landscape halophyte for reuse of saline waste water in a desert city
E. P. Glenn, C. Mckeon, V. Gerhart, P.L. Nagler, F. Jordan, J. Artiola
2009, Landscape and Urban Planning (89) 57-64
Saline waste waters from industrial and water treatment processes are an under-utilized resource in desert urban environments. Management practices to safely use these water sources are still in development. We used a deeprooted native halophyte, Atriplex lentiformis (quailbush), to absorb mildly saline effluent (1800 mg l-1 total dissolved solids, mainly...
Tracking magma volume recovery at Okmok Volcano using GPS and an unscented kalman filter
T. Fournier, Jeffrey T. Freymueller, Peter Cervelli
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
Changes beneath a volcano can be observed through position changes in a GPS network, but distinguishing the source of site motion is not always straightforward. The records of continuous GPS sites provide a favorable data set for tracking magma migration. Dense campaign observations usually provide a better spatial picture...
Geochemistry and petrology of selected coal samples from Sumatra, Kalimantan, Sulawesi, and Papua, Indonesia
H. E. Belkin, S.J. Tewalt, J.C. Hower, J.D. Stucker, J.M.K. O’Keefe
2009, International Journal of Coal Geology (77) 260-268
Indonesia has become the world's largest exporter of thermal coal and is a major supplier to the Asian coal market, particularly as the People's Republic of China is now (2007) and perhaps may remain a net importer of coal. Indonesia has had a long history of coal production, mainly in...
Tsunami exposure estimation with land-cover data: Oregon and the Cascadia subduction zone
N. Wood
2009, Applied Geography (29) 158-170
A Cascadia subduction-zone earthquake has the potential to generate tsunami waves which would impact more than 1000 km of coastline on the west coast of the United States and Canada. Although the predictable extent of tsunami inundation is similar for low-lying land throughout the region, human use of tsunami-prone land...
The effect of bathymetric filtering on nearshore process model results
N.G. Plant, K.L. Edwards, J.M. Kaihatu, J. Veeramony, L. Hsu, K. T. Holland
2009, Coastal Engineering (56) 484-493
Nearshore wave and flow model results are shown to exhibit a strong sensitivity to the resolution of the input bathymetry. In this analysis, bathymetric resolution was varied by applying smoothing filters to high-resolution survey data to produce a number of bathymetric grid surfaces. We demonstrate that the sensitivity of model-predicted...
Comparison of mid-Pliocene climate predictions produced by the HadAM3 and GCMAM3 General Circulation Models
A.M. Haywood, M.A. Chandler, P.J. Valdes, U. Salzmann, D.J. Lunt, H.J. Dowsett
2009, Global and Planetary Change (66) 208-224
The mid-Pliocene warm period (ca. 3 to 3.3??million years ago) has become an important interval of time for palaeoclimate modelling exercises, with a large number of studies published during the last decade. However, there has been no attempt to assess the degree of model dependency of the results obtained. Here...
Pollen-based biome reconstructions for Latin America at 0, 6000 and 18 000 radiocarbon years ago
R. Marchant, A. Cleef, S. P. Harrison, H. Hooghiemstra, Vera Markgraf, J. Van Boxel, T. Ager, L. Almeida, R. Anderson, C. Baied, H. Behling, J. C. Berrio, R. Burbridge, S. Bjorck, R. Byrne, M. Bush, J. Duivenvoorden, J. Flenley, P. De Oliveira, B. Van Gee, K. Graf, W. D. Gosling, S. Harbele, T. Van Der Hammen, B. Hansen, S. Horn, P. Kuhry, M.-P. Ledru, F. Mayle, B. Leyden, S. Lozano-Garcia, A. M. Melief, P. Moreno, N. T. Moar, A. Prieto, G. Van Reenen, F. Schabitz, M. Salgado-Labouriau, E. J. Schreve-Brinkman, M. Wille
2009, Climate of the Past (5) 725-767
The biomisation method is used to reconstruct Latin American vegetation at 6000±500 and 18 000±1000 radiocarbon years before present (14C yr BP) from pollen data. Tests using modern pollen data from 381 samples derived from 287 locations broadly reproduce potential natural vegetation. The strong temperature gradient associated with the Andes...
Deposition and flux of sediment from the Po River, Italy: An idealized and wintertime numerical modeling study
A.J. Bever, C. K. Harris, C. R. Sherwood, R. P. Signell
2009, Marine Geology (260) 69-80
Recent studies of sediment dynamics and clinoform development in the northern Adriatic Sea focused on winter 2002-2003 and provided the data and motivation for development of a detailed sediment-transport model for the area near the Po River delta. We used both idealized test cases and more realistic simulations to improve...
An estimate of the historic population size of adult pallid sturgeon in the upper Missouri river basin, Montana and North Dakota
P.J. Braaten, D.B. Fuller, R.D. Lott, G.R. Jordan
2009, Conference Paper, Journal of Applied Ichthyology
Juvenile pallid sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus raised in hatcheries and stocked in the wild are used to augment critically imperiled populations of this federally endangered species in the United States. For pallid sturgeon in recovery priority management area 2 (RPMA 2) of the Missouri River and lower Yellowstone River where natural...
The results of nocturnal visual surveys are influenced by lamp properties
B. Lardner, J. A. Savidge, G.H. Rodda, R.N. Reed, A.A.Y. Adams
2009, Applied Herpetology (6) 391-396
We conducted standardized visual searches at night for brown treesnakes (Boiga irregularis) and geckos, where we alternated between spotlight and floodlight lamps. Floodlights rendered us 25% more snakes and 71% more geckos than did spotlights. We show data on searcher variability and discuss what might affect the relative benefit of...
Objective rapid delineation of areas at risk from block-and-ash pyroclastic flows and surges
C. Widiwijayanti, B. Voight, D. Hidayat, S. P. Schilling
2009, Bulletin of Volcanology (71) 687-703
Assessments of pyroclastic flow (PF) hazards are commonly based on mapping of PF and surge deposits and estimations of inundation limits, and/or computer models of varying degrees of sophistication. In volcanic crises a PF hazard map may be sorely needed, but limited time, exposures, or safety aspects may preclude fieldwork,...
Integrated analysis of PALSAR/Radarsat-1 InSAR and ENVISAT altimeter data for mapping of absolute water level changes in Louisiana wetlands
J.-W. Kim, Z. Lu, H. Lee, C. K. Shum, C.M. Swarzenski, T.W. Doyle, S.-H. Baek
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 2356-2365
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) has been used to detect relative water level changes in wetlands. We developed an innovative method to integrate InSAR and satellite radar altimetry for measuring absolute or geocentric water level changes and applied the methodology to remote areas of swamp forest in coastal Louisiana. Coherence...
GIS applications for military operations in coastal zones
S. Fleming, T. Jordan, M. Madden, E.L. Usery, R. Welch
2009, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (64) 213-222
In order to successfully support current and future US military operations in coastal zones, geospatial information must be rapidly integrated and analyzed to meet ongoing force structure evolution and new mission directives. Coastal zones in a military-operational environment are complex regions that include sea, land and air features that demand...
Survival of radio-implanted drymarchon couperi (Eastern Indigo Snake) in relation to body size and sex
N.L. Hyslop, J.M. Meyers, R.J. Cooper, Terry M. Norton
2009, Herpetologica (65) 199-206
Drymarchon couperi (eastern indigo snake) has experienced population declines across its range primarily as a result of extensive habitat loss, fragmentation, and degradation. Conservation efforts for D. couperi have been hindered, in part, because of informational gaps regarding the species, including a lack of data on population ecology and estimates...
Quality assurance and quality control in light stable isotope laboratories: A case study of Rio Grande, Texas, water samples
T.B. Coplen, H. Qi
2009, Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies (45) 126-134
New isotope laboratories can achieve the goal of reporting the same isotopic composition within analytical uncertainty for the same material analysed decades apart by (1) writing their own acceptance testing procedures and putting them into their mass spectrometric or laser-based isotope-ratio equipment procurement contract, (2) requiring...
Mathematical modelling of anisotropy of illite-rich shale
E.M. Chesnokov, D.K. Tiwary, I.O. Bayuk, M.A. Sparkman, R.L. Brown
2009, Conference Paper, Geophysical Journal International
The estimation of illite-rich shale anisotropy to account for the alignment of clays and gas- or brine-filled cracks is presented via mathematical modelling. Such estimation requires analysis to interpret the dominance of one effect over another. This knowledge can help to evaluate the permeability in the unconventional reservoir, stress orientation,...
An Atlas of ShakeMaps and population exposure catalog for earthquake loss modeling
T.I. Allen, D.J. Wald, P.S. Earle, K. D. Marano, A.J. Hotovec, K. Lin, M.G. Hearne
2009, Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering (7) 701-718
We present an Atlas of ShakeMaps and a catalog of human population exposures to moderate-to-strong ground shaking (EXPO-CAT) for recent historical earthquakes (1973-2007). The common purpose of the Atlas and exposure catalog is to calibrate earthquake loss models to be used in the US Geological Survey's Prompt Assessment of Global...
A regional soil and sediment geochemical study in northern California
M. B. Goldhaber, J.M. Morrison, J.M. Holloway, R. B. Wanty, D.R. Helsel, D. B. Smith
2009, Applied Geochemistry (24) 1482-1499
Regional-scale variations in soil geochemistry were investigated in a 20,000-km2 study area in northern California that includes the western slope of the Sierra Nevada, the southern Sacramento Valley and the northern Coast Ranges. Over 1300 archival soil samples collected from the late 1970s to 1980 in El Dorado, Placer, Sutter,...
