Selected achievements, science directions, and new opportunities for the WEBB small watershed research program
Pierre D. Glynn, Matthew C. Larsen, Earl A. Greene, Heather L. Buss, David W. Clow, Randall J. Hunt, M. Alisa Mast, Sheila F. Murphy, Norman E. Peters, Stephen D. Sebestyen, James B. Shanley, John F. Walker
2009, Conference Paper, Planning for an uncertain future - Monitoring, integration, and adaptation (SIR 2009-5049)
Over nearly two decades, the Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) small watershed research program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) has documented how water and solute fluxes, nutrient, carbon, and mercury dynamics, and weathering and sediment transport respond to natural and humancaused drivers, including climate, climate change, and atmospheric...
Holocene climate on the Modoc Plateau, northern California, USA: The view from Medicine Lake
Scott W. Starratt
2009, Hydrobiologia (631) 197-211
Medicine Lake is a small (165 ha), relatively shallow (average 7.3 m), intermediate elevation (2,036 m) lake located within the summit caldera of Medicine Lake volcano, Siskiyou County, California, USA. Sediment cores and high-resolution bathymetric and seismic reflection data were collected from the lake during the fall of 1999 and 2000. Sediments were...
Performance of temperature and dissolved oxygen criteria to predict habitat use by lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush)
J.M. Plumb, P.J. Blanchfield
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 2011-2023
We compared theoretical habitat volumes, determined from traditional combinations of temperature and dissolved oxygen concentration (DO) boundaries, with in situ habitat use by acoustically tagged lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush). The widely used criteria of 8–12 °C underestimated lake trout habitat use by 68%–80%. Instead, combined temperature (<12 or 15 °C)...
Experimental infection of a North American raptor, American kestrel (Falco sparverius), with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1)
Jeffrey S. Hall, Hon S. Ip, J. C. Franson, C. Meteyer, Sean W. Nashold, Joshua L. Teslaa, J. French, P. Redig, C. Brand
2009, PLoS ONE (4)
Several species of wild raptors have been found in Eurasia infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) subtype H5N1. Should HPAIV (H5N1) reach North America in migratory birds, species of raptors are at risk not only from environmental exposure, but also from consuming infected birds and carcasses. In this...
Promoting species establishment in a phragmites-dominated great lakes coastal wetland
M.L. Carlson, K.P. Kowalski, D.A. Wilcox
2009, Natural Areas Journal (29) 263-280
This study examined efforts to promote species establishment and maintain diversity in a Phragmites-dominated wetland where primary control measures were underway. A treatment experiment was performed at Crane Creek, a drowned-river-mouth wetland in Ottawa National Wildlife Refuge along the shore of western Lake Erie. Following initial aerial spraying of Phragmites...
Offshore double-planed shallow seismic zone in the NE Japan forearc region revealed by sP depth phases recorded by regional networks
S.S.N. Gamage, N. Umino, A. Hasegawa, S. H. Kirby
2009, Geophysical Journal International (178) 195-214
We detected the sP depth phase at small epicentral distances of about 150 km or more in the seismograms of shallow earthquakes in the NE Japan forearc region. The focal depths of 1078 M > 3 earthquakes that occurred from 2000 to 2006 were precisely determined using the time delay...
Evaluating wildlife response to coastal dune habitat restoration in san francisco, california
W. Russell, J. Shulzitski, A. Setty
2009, Ecological Restoration (27) 439-448
The vast dune system that once dominated the entire western half of the San Francisco peninsula in California has been reduced to a few fragments that conserve locally threatened plant and animal species. We measured the effects of ongoing restoration efforts on wildlife abundance and diversity on one of the...
Investigation of uptake and retention of atmospheric Hg(II) by boreal forest plants using stable Hg isotopes
J.A. Graydon, Louis, H. Hintelmann, S.E. Lindberg, K.A. Sandilands, J.W.M. Rudd, C.A. Kelly, M.T. Tate, D. P. Krabbenhoft, I. Lehnherr
2009, Environmental Science & Technology (43) 4960-4966
Although there is now a general consensus among mercury (Hg) biogeochemists that increased atmospheric inputs of inorganic Hg(II) to lakes and watersheds can result in increased methylmercury (MeHg) concentrations in fish, researchers still lack kinetic data describing the movement of Hg from the atmosphere, through watershed and lake ecosystems, and...
Seabird nest counts: A test of monitoring metrics using Red-tailed Tropicbirds
N.E. Seavy, M.H. Reynolds
2009, Journal of Field Ornithology (80) 297-302
Counts of nesting birds are often used to monitor the abundance of breeding pairs at colonies. Mean incubation counts (MICs) are counts of nests with eggs at intervals that correspond to the mean incubation period of a species. The sum of all counts during the nesting season (MICtotal) and the...
Rayleigh-wave mode separation by high-resolution linear radon transform
Y. Luo, J. Xia, R. D. Miller, Y. Xu, J. Liu, Q. Liu
2009, Geophysical Journal International (179) 254-264
Multichannel analysis of surface waves (MASW) method is an effective tool for obtaining vertical shear wave profiles from a single non-invasive measurement. One key step of the MASW method is generation of a dispersion image and extraction of a reliable dispersion curve from raw multichannel shot records. Because different Rayleigh-wave...
Mapping Curie temperature depth in the western United States with a fractal model for crustal magnetization
C. Bouligand, J.M.G. Glen, R.J. Blakely
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
We have revisited the problem of mapping depth to the Curie temperature isotherm from magnetic anomalies in an attempt to provide a measure of crustal temperatures in the western United States. Such methods are based on the estimation of the depth to the bottom of magnetic sources, which is assumed...
Hierarchical Bayesian analysis to incorporate age uncertainty in growth curve analysis and estimates of age from length: Florida manatee (Trichechus manatus) carcasses
L.K. Schwarz, M.C. Runge
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 1775-1789
Age estimation of individuals is often an integral part of species management research, and a number of ageestimation techniques are commonly employed. Often, the error in these techniques is not quantified or accounted for in other analyses, particularly in growth curve models used to describe physiological responses to environment and...
Absolute stellar photometry on moderate-resolution FPA images
T.C. Stone
2009, Metrologia (46)
An extensive database of star (and Moon) images has been collected by the ground-based RObotic Lunar Observatory (ROLO) as part of the US Geological Survey program for lunar calibration. The stellar data are used to derive nightly atmospheric corrections for the observations from extinction measurements, and absolute calibration of the...
The 20th-century development and expansion of Louisiana shelf hypoxia, Gulf of Mexico
L.E. Osterman, R.Z. Poore, P.W. Swarzenski, D.B. Senn, Steven F. DiMarco
2009, Geo-Marine Letters (29) 405-414
Since systematic measurements of Louisiana continental-shelf waters were initiated in 1985, hypoxia (oxygen content <2 mg L-1) has increased considerably in an area termed the dead zone. Monitoring and modeling studies have concluded that the expansion of the Louisiana shelf dead zone is related to increased anthropogenically derived nutrient delivery...
Monitoring forest changes in the southwestern United States using multitemporal Landsat data
James E. Vogelmann, Brian L. Tolk, Zhiliang Zhu
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 1739-1748
Landsat time series data sets were acquired for the Santa Fe National Forest in New Mexico. This area includes the San Pedro Parks Wilderness area, which was designated as an official wilderness in 1964. Eight autumnal Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) scenes acquired from 1988 to 2006 were analyzed to determine...
Application of models to conservation planning for terrestrial birds in North America
Jane A. Fitzgerald, Wayne E. Thogmartin, Randy Dettmers, Tim Jones, Christopher Rustay, Janet M. Ruth, Frank R. Thompson III, Tom Will
Joshua J. Millspaugh, Frank R. Thompson III, editor(s)
2009, Book chapter, Models for planning wildlife conservation in large landscapes
Partners in Flight (PIF), a public–private coalition for the conservation of land birds, has developed one of four international bird conservation plans recognized under the auspices of the North American Bird Conservation Initiative (NABCI). Partners in Flight prioritized species most in need of conservation attention...
Global distribution of bedrock exposures on Mars using THEMIS high-resolution thermal inertia
C.S. Edwards, J. L. Bandfield, P. R. Christensen, R.L. Fergason
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
We investigate high thermal inertia surfaces using the Mars Odyssey Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) nighttime temperature images (100 m/pixel spatial sampling). For this study, we interpret any pixel in a THEMIS image with a thermal inertia over 1200 J m-2 K-1 s-1/2 as "bedrock" which represents either in situ...
Spatial and temporal spawning dynamics of native westslope cutthroat trout, Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi, introduced rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, and their hybrids
C.C. Muhlfeld, T.E. McMahon, D. Belcer, J. L. Kershner
2009, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (66) 1153-1168
We used radiotelemetry to assess spatial and temporal spawning distributions of native westslope cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii lewisi; WCT), introduced rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss; RBT), and their hybrids in the upper Flathead River system, Montana (USA) and British Columbia (Canada), from 2000 to 2007. Radio-tagged trout (N = 125) moved...
Cacades: A reliable dissemination protocol for data collection sensor network
Y. Peng, W. Song, R. Huang, M. Xu, B. Shirazi, R. LaHusen, G. Pei
2009, Conference Paper, IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings
In this paper, we propose a fast and reliable data dissemination protocol Cascades to disseminate data from the sink(base station) to all or a subset of nodes in a data collection sensor network. Cascades makes use of the parentmonitor-children analogy to ensure reliable dissemination. Each node monitors whether or not...
Cross-comparison of the IRS-P6 AWiFS sensor with the L5 TM, L7 ETM+, & Terra MODIS sensors
G. Chander, X. Xiong, A. Angal, T. Choi, R. Malla
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
As scientists and decision makers increasingly rely on multiple Earth-observing satellites to address urgent global issues, it is imperative that they can rely on the accuracy of Earth-observing data products. This paper focuses on the crosscomparison of the Indian Remote Sensing (IRS-P6) Advanced Wide Field Sensor (AWiFS) with the Landsat...
Interannual variation of carbon fluxes from three contrasting evergreen forests: The role of forest dynamics and climate
C.A. Sierra, H.W. Loescher, M. E. Harmon, A.D. Richardson, D.Y. Hollinger, S.S. Perakis
2009, Ecology (90) 2711-2723
Interannual variation of carbon fluxes can be attributed to a number of biotic and abiotic controls that operate at different spatial and temporal scales. Type and frequency of disturbance, forest dynamics, and climate regimes are important sources of variability. Assessing the variability of carbon fluxes from these specific sources can...
Dynamics of national forests assessed using the Landsat record: Case studies in eastern United States
C. Huang, S.N. Goward, K. Schleeweis, N. Thomas, J. G. Masek, Z. Zhu
2009, Remote Sensing of Environment (113) 1430-1442
The national forests (NFs) in the United States are protected areas managed for multiple purposes, and therefore are subject to both natural and anthropogenic disturbances. Monitoring forest changes arising from such disturbances and the post-disturbance recovery processes is essential for assessing the conditions of the NFs and the effectiveness...
THEMIS high-resolution digital terrain: Topographic and thermophysical mapping of Gusev Crater, Mars
G.E. Cushing, T.N. Titus, L.A. Soderblom, R. L. Kirk
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
We discuss a new technique to generate high-resolution digital terrain models (DTMs) and to quantitatively derive and map slope-corrected thermophysical properties such as albedo, thermal inertia, and surface temperatures. This investigation is a continuation of work started by Kirk et al. (2005), who empirically deconvolved Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS)...
Global irrigated area map (GIAM), derived from remote sensing, for the end of the last millennium
P.S. Thenkabail, C.M. Biradar, P. Noojipady, V. Dheeravath, Y. Li, M. Velpuri, M. Gumma, O.R.P. Gangalakunta, H. Turral, X. Cai, J. Vithanage, M.A. Schull, R. Dutta
2009, International Journal of Remote Sensing (30) 3679-3733
A Global Irrigated Area Map (GIAM) has been produced for the end of the last millennium using multiple satellite sensor, secondary, Google Earth and groundtruth data. The data included: (a) Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) 3-band and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) 10 km monthly time-series for 1997-1999, (b)...
Geomorphic applications of stream-gage information
K. E. Juracek, F. A. Fitzpatrick
2009, River Research and Applications (25) 329-347
In the United States, several thousand stream gages provide what typically is the only source of continuous, long-term streamflow and channel-geometry information for the locations being monitored. In this paper, the geomorphic content of stream-gage information, previous and potential applications of stream-gage information in fluvial geomorphic research and various possible...
