How does landscape structure influence catchment transit time across different geomorphic provinces?
D. Tetzlaff, J. Seibert, K.J. McGuire, H. Laudon, Douglas A. Burns, S.M. Dunn, C. Soulsby
2009, Hydrological Processes (23) 945-953
Despite an increasing number of empirical investigations of catchment transit times (TTs), virtually all are based on individual catchments and there are few attempts to synthesize understanding across different geographical regions. Uniquely, this paper examines data from 55 catchments in five geomorphic provinces in northern temperate regions (Scotland, United States...
Change in diel catchability of young-of-year yellow perch associated with establishment of dreissenid mussels
Martin A. Stapanian, Patrick M. Kocovsky, Jean V. Adams
2009, Freshwater Biology (54) 1593-1604
1. Non-native mussels have increased water clarity in many lakes and streams in North America and Europe. Diel variation in catchability of some fish species has been linked to visibility during survey trawls (used to measure escapement). 2. Water clarity increased in nearshore areas of western Lake Erie by the...
An evaluation of sex-age-kill (SAK) model performance
Joshua J. Millspaugh, John R. Skalski, Richard L. Townsend, Duane R. Diefenbach, Mark S. Boyce, Lonnie P. Hansen, Kent Kammermeyer
2009, Journal of Wildlife Management (73) 442-451
The sex-age-kill (SAK) model is widely used to estimate abundance of harvested large mammals, including white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus). Despite a long history of use, few formal evaluations of SAK performance exist. We investigated how violations of the stable age distribution and stationary population assumption, changes to male or female...
Regional three-dimensional seismic velocity model of the crust and uppermost mantle of northern California
C. Thurber, H. Zhang, T. Brocher, V. Langenheim
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
We present a three-dimensional (3D) tomographic model of the P wave velocity (Vp) structure of northern California. We employed a regional-scale double-difference tomography algorithm that incorporates a finite-difference travel time calculator and spatial smoothing constraints. Arrival times from earthquakes and travel times from controlled-source explosions, recorded at network and/or temporary...
Predicting fractional bed load transport rates: Application of the Wilcock‐Crowe equations to a regulated gravel bed river
David Gaeuman, E.D. Andrews, Andreas Krause, Wes Smith
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
Bed load samples from four locations in the Trinity River of northern California are analyzed to evaluate the performance of the Wilcock‐Crowe bed load transport equations for predicting fractional bed load transport rates. Bed surface particles become smaller and the fraction of sand on the bed increases with distance downstream...
Late Pleistocene Sea level on the New Jersey Margin: Implications to eustasy and deep-sea temperature
J.D. Wright, R. E. Sheridan, K.G. Miller, J. Uptegrove, B.S. Cramer, J.V. Browning
2009, Global and Planetary Change (66) 93-99
We assembled and dated a late Pleistocene sea-level record based on sequence stratigraphy from the New Jersey margin and compared it with published records from fossil uplifted coral reefs in New Guinea, Barbados, and Araki Island, as well as a composite sea-level estimate from scaling of Red Sea isotopic values....
Approximation to cutoffs of higher modes of Rayleigh waves for a layered earth model
Y. Xu, J. Xia, R. D. Miller
2009, Pure and Applied Geophysics (166) 339-351
A cutoff defines the long-period termination of a Rayleigh-wave higher mode and, therefore is a key characteristic of higher mode energy relationship to several material properties of the subsurface. Cutoffs have been used to estimate the shear-wave velocity of an underlying half space of a layered earth model. In this...
Comparison with CLPX II airborne data using DMRT model
X. Xu, D. Liang, K.M. Andreadis, L. Tsang, E.G. Josberger
2009, Conference Paper, International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS)
In this paper, we considered a physical-based model which use numerical solution of Maxwell Equations in three-dimensional simulations and apply into Dense Media Radiative Theory (DMRT). The model is validated in two specific dataset from the second Cold Land Processes Experiment (CLPX II) at Alaska and Colorado. The data were...
Titan's surface at 2.2-cm wavelength imaged by the Cassini RADAR radiometer: Calibration and first results
M.A. Janssen, R. D. Lorenz, R. West, F. Paganelli, R.M. Lopes, R. L. Kirk, C. Elachi, S. D. Wall, W.T.K. Johnson, Y. Anderson, R.A. Boehmer, P. Callahan, Y. Gim, G.A. Hamilton, K.D. Kelleher, L. Roth, B. Stiles, Gall A. Le
2009, Icarus (200) 222-239
The first comprehensive calibration and mapping of the thermal microwave emission from Titan's surface is reported based on radiometric data obtained at 2.2-cm wavelength by the passive radiometer included in the Cassini Radar instrument. The data reported were accumulated from 69 separate observational segments in Titan passes from Ta (October...
Pliocene three-dimensional global ocean temperature reconstruction
H.J. Dowsett, M.M. Robinson, K.M. Foley
2009, Climate of the Past (5) 769-783
The thermal structure of the mid-Piacenzian ocean is obtained by combining the Pliocene Research, Interpretation and Synoptic Mapping Project (PRISM3) multiproxy sea-surface temperature (SST) reconstruction with bottom water temperature estimates from 27 locations produced using Mg/Ca paleothermometry based upon the ostracod genus Krithe. Deep water temperature estimates are skewed toward...
Integrated treatment process using a natural Wyoming clinoptilolite for remediating produced waters from coalbed natural gas operations
H. Zhao, G.F. Vance, M.A. Urynowicz, R.W. Gregory
2009, Applied Clay Science (42) 379-385
Coalbed natural gas (CBNG) development in western U.S. states has resulted in an increase in an essential energy resource, but has also resulted in environmental impacts and additional regulatory needs. A concern associated with CBNG development relates to the production of the copious quantities of potentially saline-sodic groundwater required to...
Analysis of dynamic thresholds for the normalized difference water index
Lei Ji, Li Zhang, Bruce K. Wylie
2009, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing (75) 1307-1317
The normalized difference water index (NDWI) has been successfully used to delineate surface water features. However, two major problems have been often encountered: (a) NDWIs calculated from different band combinations [visible, nearinfrared, or shortwave-infrared (SWIR)] can generate different results, and (b) NDWI thresholds vary depending on the proportions of subpixel...
Evaluating the spatial variation of total mercury in young-of-year yellow perch (Perca flavescens), surface water and upland soil for watershed-lake systems within the southern Boreal Shield
M.C. Gabriel, R. Kolka, T. Wickman, E. Nater, Laurel G. Woodruff
2009, Science of the Total Environment (407) 4117-4126
The primary objective of this research is to investigate relationships between mercury in upland soil, lake water and fish tissue and explore the cause for the observed spatial variation of THg in age one yellow perch (Perca flavescens) for ten lakes within the Superior National Forest. Spatial relationships between yellow...
Decline in bloater fecundity in Southern Lake Michigan after decline of Diporeia
D.B. Bunnell, S.R. David, C.P. Madenjian
2009, Journal of Great Lakes Research (35) 45-49
Population fecundity can vary through time, sometimes owing to changes in adult condition. Consideration of these fecundity changes can improve understanding of recruitment variation. Herein, we estimated fecundity of Lake Michigan bloater Coregonus hoyi during December 2005 and February 2006. Bloater recruitment has been highly variable from 1962 to present,...
Localized double-array stacking analysis of PcP: D″ and ULVZ structure beneath the Cocos plate, Mexico, central Pacific, and north Pacific
Alexander R. Hutko, Thorne Lay, Justin Revenaugh
2009, Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors (173) 60-74
A large, high quality P-wave data set comprising short-period and broadband signals sampling four separate regions in the lowermost mantle beneath the Cocos plate, Mexico, the central Pacific, and the north Pacific is analyzed using regional one-dimensional double-array stacking and modelling with reflectivity synthetics. A data-screening criterion retains only events...
Implications of anthropogenic river stage fluctuations on mass transport in a valley fill aquifer
David F. Boutt, Brandon J. Fleming
2009, Water Resources Research (45)
In humid regions a strong coupling between surface water features and groundwater systems may exist. In these environments the exchange of water and solute depends primarily on the hydraulic gradient between the reservoirs. We hypothesize that daily changes in river stage associated with anthropogenic water releases (such as those from...
Factors associated with succession of abandoned agricultural lands along the Lower Missouri River, U.S.A
W.E. Thogmartin, M. Gallagher, N. Young, J.J. Rohweder, M. G. Knutson
2009, Restoration Ecology (17) 290-296
The 1993 flood of the Missouri River led to the abandonment of agriculture on considerable land in the floodplain. This abandonment led to a restoration opportunity for the U.S. Federal Government, purchasing those lands being sold by farmers. Restoration of this floodplain is complicated, however, by an imperfect understanding of...
Mapping Curie temperature depth in the western United States with a fractal model for crustal magnetization
C. Bouligand, J.M.G. Glen, R.J. Blakely
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114)
We have revisited the problem of mapping depth to the Curie temperature isotherm from magnetic anomalies in an attempt to provide a measure of crustal temperatures in the western United States. Such methods are based on the estimation of the depth to the bottom of magnetic sources, which is assumed...
Evaluation of acute copper toxicity to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, lampsilis siliquoidea) in natural and reconstituted waters
N. Wang, C.A. Mebane, J.L. Kunz, C.G. Ingersoll, T.W. May, W.R. Arnold, R.C. Santore, T. Augspurger, F.J. Dwyer, M.C. Barniiart
2009, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 2367-2377
The influence of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and water composition on the toxicity of copper to juvenile freshwater mussels (fatmucket, Lampsilis siliquoidea) were evaluated in natural and reconstituted waters. Acute 96‐h copper toxicity tests were conducted at four nominal DOC concentrations (0, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg/L...
Impact of a permanent El Niño (El Padre) and Indian Ocean Dipole in warm Pliocene climates
Sonali P. Shukla, Mark A. Chandler, Jeff Jonas, Linda E. Sohl, Ken Mankoff, Harry J. Dowsett
2009, Paleoceanography (24)
Pliocene sea surface temperature data, as well as terrestrial precipitation and temperature proxies, indicate warmer than modern conditions in the eastern equatorial Pacific and imply permanent El Niño–like conditions with impacts similar to those of the 1997/1998 El Niño event. Here we use a general circulation model to examine the...
Relationships between nutritional condition of adult females and relative carrying capacity for rocky mountain Elk
J.R. Piasecke, Louis C. Bender
2009, Rangeland Ecology and Management (62) 145-152
Lactation can have significant costs to individual and population-level productivity because of the high energetic demands it places on dams. Because the difference in condition between lactating and dry Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) cows tends to disappear as nutritional quality rises, the magnitude of that difference could be...
A revised burial dose estimation procedure for optical dating of youngand modern-age sediments
L.J. Arnold, R.G. Roberts, R.F. Galbraith, S.B. DeLong
2009, Quaternary Geochronology (4) 306-325
The presence of genuinely zero-age or near-zero-age grains in modern-age and very young samples poses a problem for many existing burial dose estimation procedures used in optical (optically stimulated luminescence, OSL) dating. This difficulty currently necessitates consideration of relatively simplistic and statistically inferior age models. In this study, we investigate...
A formal framework for scenario development in support of environmental decision-making
M. Mahmoud, Yajing Liu, H. Hartmann, S. Stewart, T. Wagener, D. Semmens, R. Stewart, H. Gupta, D. Dominguez, F. Dominguez, D. Hulse, R. Letcher, Brenda Rashleigh, C. Smith, R. Street, J. Ticehurst, M. Twery, Delden H. van, R. Waldick, D. White, L. Winter
2009, Environmental Modelling and Software (24) 798-808
Scenarios are possible future states of the world that represent alternative plausible conditions under different assumptions. Often, scenarios are developed in a context relevant to stakeholders involved in their applications since the evaluation of scenario outcomes and implications can enhance decision-making activities. This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of scenario development...
The relative influence of geographic location and reach-scale habitat on benthic invertebrate assemblages in six ecoregions
M.D. Munn, I.R. Waite, D. P. Larsen, A.T. Herlihy
2009, Environmental Monitoring and Assessment (154) 1-14
The objective of this study was to determine the relative influence of reach-specific habitat variables and geographic location on benthic invertebrate assemblages within six ecoregions across the Western USA. This study included 417 sites from six ecoregions. A total of 301 taxa were collected with the highest richness associated with...
Hydrodynamic modeling of tsunamis from the Currituck landslide
E.L. Geist, P.J. Lynett, J.D. Chaytor
2009, Marine Geology (264) 41-52
Tsunami generation from the Currituck landslide offshore North Carolina and propagation of waves toward the U.S. coastline are modeled based on recent geotechnical analysis of slide movement. A long and intermediate wave modeling package (COULWAVE) based on the non-linear Boussinesq equations are used to simulate the tsunami. This model includes...
