The decline of winter monsoon velocity in the South China Sea through the 20th century: Evidence from the Sr/Ca records in corals
Yajing Liu, Z. Peng, T. Chen, G. Wei, W. Sun, R. Sun, J. He, Gaisheng Liu, C. L. Chou, R. E. Zartman
2008, Global and Planetary Change (63) 79-85
A modern massive Porites coral was collected from the Longwan Bay (19??20???N, 110??39???E) on the east coast of the Hainan Island, China. The coral was sectioned vertical to the growth axis into discs of double density-bands representing annual growth. The samples were analyzed for the Sr/Ca ratio by inductively coupled...
Calibrating and testing a gap model for simulating forest management in the Oregon Coast Range
R.J. Pabst, M.N. Goslin, S.L. Garman, T.A. Spies
2008, Forest Ecology and Management (256) 958-972
The complex mix of economic and ecological objectives facing today's forest managers necessitates the development of growth models with a capacity for simulating a wide range of forest conditions while producing outputs useful for economic analyses. We calibrated the gap model ZELIG to simulate stand-level forest development in the Oregon...
Restoration of Circum-Arctic Upper Jurassic source rock paleolatitude based on crude oil geochemistry
K. E. Peters, L.S. Ramos, J.E. Zumberge, Z. C. Valin, C.R. Scotese
2008, Organic Geochemistry (39) 1189-1196
Tectonic geochemical paleolatitude (TGP) models were developed to predict the paleolatitude of petroleum source rock from the geochemical composition of crude oil. The results validate studies designed to reconstruct ancient source rock depositional environments using oil chemistry and tectonic reconstruction of paleogeography from coordinates of the present day collection site....
Mapping regional distribution of a single tree species: Whitebark pine in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem
L. Landenburger, R.L. Lawrence, S. Podruzny, C.C. Schwartz
2008, Sensors (8) 4983-4994
Moderate resolution satellite imagery traditionally has been thought to be inadequate for mapping vegetation at the species level. This has made comprehensive mapping of regional distributions of sensitive species, such as whitebark pine, either impractical or extremely time consuming. We sought to determine whether using a combination of moderate resolution...
Identity and physiology of a new psychrophilic eukaryotic green alga, Chlorella sp., strain BI, isolated from a transitory pond near Bratina Island, Antarctica
R. M. Morgan-Kiss, A.G. Ivanov, S. Modla, K. Czymmek, N.P.A. Huner, J.C. Priscu, J.T. Lisle, T.E. Hanson
2008, Extremophiles (12) 701-711
Permanently low temperature environments are one of the most abundant microbial habitats on earth. As in most ecosystems, photosynthetic organisms drive primary production in low temperature food webs. Many of these phototrophic microorganisms are psychrophilic; however, functioning of the photosynthetic processes of these enigmatic psychrophiles (the 'photopsychrophiles') in cold environments...
Coherent changes in relative C4 plant productivity and climate during the late Quaternary in the North American Great Plains
L. Nordt, J. Von Fischer, L. Tieszen, J. Tubbs
2008, Quaternary Science Reviews (27) 1600-1611
Evolution of the mixed and shortgrass prairie of the North American Great Plains is poorly understood because of limited proxies available for environmental interpretations. Buried soils in the Great Plains provide a solution to the problem because they are widespread both spatially and temporally with their organic reservoirs serving as...
Agreement evaluation of AVHRR and MODIS 16-day composite NDVI data sets
Lei Ji, Kevin P. Gallo, Jeffery C. Eidenshink, John L. Dwyer
2008, International Journal of Remote Sensing (29) 4839-4861
Satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) data have been used extensively to detect and monitor vegetation conditions at regional and global levels. A combination of NDVI data sets derived from AVHRR and MODIS can be used to construct a long NDVI time series that may also be extended to VIIRS....
Complex faulting associated with the 22 December 2003 Mw 6.5 San Simeon California, earthquake, aftershocks and postseismic surface deformation
Marcia K. McLaren, Jeanne L. Hardebeck, Nicholas van der Elst, Jeffrey R. Unruh, Gerald W. Bawden, J. Luke Blair
2008, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (98) 1659-1680
We use data from two seismic networks and satellite interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) imagery to characterize the 22 December 2003 Mw 6.5 San Simeon earthquake sequence. Absolute locations for the mainshock and nearly 10,000 aftershocks were determined using a new three-dimensional (3D) seismic velocity model; relative locations were obtained using...
Warming of the Indian Ocean threatens eastern and southern African food security but could be mitigated by agricultural development
Chris C. Funk, Michael D. Dettinger, Joel C. Michaelsen, James P. Verdin, Molly E. Brown, Mathew Barlow, Andrew Hoell
2008, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (105) 11081-11086
Since 1980, the number of undernourished people in eastern and southern Africa has more than doubled. Rural development stalled and rural poverty expanded during the 1990s. Population growth remains very high, and declining per-capita agricultural capacity retards progress toward Millennium Development goals. Analyses of in situ station data and satellite...
Modeling the effect of toe clipping on treefrog survival: Beyond the return rate
J.H. Waddle, K.G. Rice, F.J. Mazzotti, H.F. Percival
2008, Journal of Herpetology (42) 467-473
Some studies have described a negative effect of toe clipping on return rates of marked anurans, but the return rate is limited in that it does not account for heterogeneity of capture probabilities. We used open population mark-recapture models to estimate both apparent survival (ϕ) and the recapture probability (p)...
50,000 years of vegetation and climate history on the Colorado Plateau, Utah and Arizona, USA
Larry L. Coats, Kenneth L. Cole, Jim I. Mead
2008, Quaternary Research (70) 322-338
Sixty packrat middens were collected in Canyonlands and Grand Canyon National Parks, and these series include sites north of areas that produced previous detailed series from the Colorado Plateau. The exceptionally long time series obtained from each of three sites (> 48,000 14C yr BP to present) include some of the...
Modified method for external attachment of transmitters to birds using two subcutaneous anchors
Tyler Lewis, Paul L. Flint
2008, Journal of Field Ornithology (79) 336-341
Of the transmitter attachment techniques for birds, the subcutaneous anchor provides a secure attachment that yields relatively few secondary effects. However, the use of subcutaneous anchors has been limited by transmitter size and retention time. Using a modified method of attachment that utilized two subcutaneous anchors, we deployed 69 GPS...
Evidence for an eolian origin for the silt-enriched soil mantles on the glaciated uplands of eastern Upper Michigan, USA
R.J. Schaetzl, W.L. Loope
2008, Geomorphology (100) 285-295
We provide textural, geochemical, and mineralogical data on a thin, silty deposit that unconformably mantles glaciated uplands in the eastern Upper Peninsula of Michigan. Previous research on this deposit, which we hypothesize to be loess, is nonexistent. The uplands were islands or narrow peninsulas within one or more glacial lakes....
Modelling invasion for a habitat generalist and a specialist plant species
P.H. Evangelista, S. Kumar, T.J. Stohlgren, C. S. Jarnevich, A.W. Crall, J. B. Norman III, D.T. Barnett
2008, Diversity and Distributions (14) 808-817
Predicting suitable habitat and the potential distribution of invasive species is a high priority for resource managers and systems ecologists. Most models are designed to identify habitat characteristics that define the ecological niche of a species with little consideration to individual species' traits. We tested five commonly used modelling methods...
Stormwater plume detection by MODIS imagery in the southern California coastal ocean
N.P. Nezlin, P.M. DiGiacomo, D.W. Diehl, B.H. Jones, S.C. Johnson, M.J. Mengel, K.M. Reifel, J.A. Warrick, M. Wang
2008, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (80) 141-152
Stormwater plumes in the southern California coastal ocean were detected by MODIS-Aqua satellite imagery and compared to ship-based data on surface salinity and fecal indicator bacterial (FIB) counts collected during the Bight'03 Regional Water Quality Program surveys in February-March of 2004 and 2005. MODIS imagery was processed using a combined...
DDE in sediments of the Palos Verdes shelf, California: In situ transformation rates and geochemical fate
R.P. Eganhouse, J. Pontolillo
2008, Environmental Science & Technology (42) 6392-6398
From 1947 to 1971 the world's largest manufacturer of DDT discharged process wastes into the sewers of Los Angeles County. Roughly 870-1450 t of DDT were released to the ocean off Palos Verdes, CA, a portion of which (???100 t) resides in sediments on the continental shelf and slope. The...
Species traits influence the genetic consequences of river fragmentation on two co-occurring redhorse (Moxostoma) species
S.M. Reid, C.C. Wilson, L.M. Carl, T.G. Zorn
2008, Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (65) 1892-1904
We used microsatellite DNA markers to test whether fragmentation of the Trent River (Ontario, Canada) has reduced genetic diversity and increased genetic differentiation among populations of river redhorse (Moxostoma carinatum) and shorthead redhorse (Moxostoma macrolepidotum). Allelic richness of both species was significantly greater along the free-flowing Muskegon River (Michigan, USA)...
Anomalous cold in the Pangaean tropics
G.S. Soreghan, M. J. Soreghan, C.J. Poulsen, R.A. Young, C.F. Eble, D.E. Sweet, O.C. Davogustto
2008, Geology (36) 659-662
The late Paleozoic archives the greatest glaciation of the Phanerozoic. Whereas high-latitude Gondwanan strata preserve widespread evidence for continental ice, the Permo-Carboniferous tropics have long been considered analogous to today's: warm and shielded from the highlatitude cold. Here, we report on glacial and periglacial indicators that record episodes of freezing...
Two-phase Neogene extension in the northwestern basin and range recorded in a single thermochronology sample
J.P. Colgan, D.L. Shuster, P.W. Reiners
2008, Geology (36) 631-634
We use a combination of apatite 4He/3He, (U-Th)/ He, and fission-track thermochronology to date slip on the Surprise Valley fault in northeastern California by analyzing a single sample from the Warner Range in the footwall of the fault. This sample, a granitic clast from a conglomerate, yielded a fission-track age...
Wave climate, sediment supply and the depth of the sand-mud transition: A global survey
D.A. George, P.S. Hill
2008, Marine Geology (254) 121-128
The influences of wave climate and sediment supply on the depths of sand-mud transitions (hSMT) are investigated. Depths of sand-mud transitions (SMT) are based on published granulometric data from surface samples gathered from 14 sites in different wave-dominated coastal environments with fluvial input, including high energy (Columbia, Eel, Russian, San...
Monitoring waterbird abundance in wetlands: The importance of controlling results for variation in water depth
F. Bolduc, A. D. Afton
2008, Ecological Modelling (216) 402-408
Wetland use by waterbirds is highly dependent on water depth, and depth requirements generally vary among species. Furthermore, water depth within wetlands often varies greatly over time due to unpredictable hydrological events, making comparisons of waterbird abundance among wetlands difficult as effects of habitat variables and water depth are confounded....
Weathering of the Rio Blanco quartz diorite, Luquillo Mountains, Puerto Rico: Coupling oxidation, dissolution, and fracturing
H.L. Buss, P.B. Sak, S.M. Webb, S.L. Brantley
2008, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (72) 4488-4507
In the mountainous Rio Icacos watershed in northeastern Puerto Rico, quartz diorite bedrock weathers spheroidally, producing a 0.2-2 m thick zone of partially weathered rock layers (???2.5 cm thickness each) called rindlets, which form concentric layers around corestones. Spheroidal fracturing has been modeled to occur when a weathering reaction with...
Combining MODIS and Landsat imagery to estimate and map boreal forest cover loss
P. Potapov, Matthew C. Hansen, S.V. Stehman, Thomas R. Loveland, K. Pittman
2008, Remote Sensing of Environment (112) 3708-3719
Estimation of forest cover change is important for boreal forests, one of the most extensive forested biomes, due to its unique role in global timber stock, carbon sequestration and deposition, and high vulnerability to the effects of global climate change. We used time-series data from the MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer...
Anatomy of a shoreface sand ridge revisited using foraminifera: False Cape Shoals, Virginia/North Carolina inner shelf
M.M. Robinson, R.A. McBride
2008, Continental Shelf Research (28) 2428-2441
Certain details regarding the origin and evolution of shelf sand ridges remain elusive. Knowledge of their internal stratigraphy and microfossil distribution is necessary to define the origin and to determine the processes that modify sand ridges. Fourteen vibracores from False Cape Shoal A, a well-developed shoreface-attached sand ridge on the...
Geolocation of man-made reservoirs across terrains of varying complexity using GIS
D.M. Mixon, D.A. Kinner, R.F. Stallard, J.P.M. Syvitski
2008, Computers & Geosciences (34) 1184-1197
The Reservoir Sedimentation Survey Information System (RESIS) is one of the world's most comprehensive databases of reservoir sedimentation rates, comprising nearly 6000 surveys for 1819 reservoirs across the continental United States. Sediment surveys in the database date from 1904 to 1999, though more than 95% of surveys were entered prior...
