Comparisons between consumption estimates from bioenergetics simulations and field measurements for walleyes from Oneida Lake, New York
B.F. Lantry, L. G. Rudstam, J.L. Forney, A.J. VanDeValk, E.L. Mills, D.J. Stewart, J.V. Adams
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 1406-1421
Daily consumption was estimated from the stomach contents of walleyes Sander vitreus collected weekly from Oneida Lake, New York, during June-October 1975, 1992, 1993, and 1994 for one to four age-groups per year. Field rations were highly variable between weeks, and trends in ration size varied both seasonally and annually....
Building hierarchical models of avian distributions for the State of Georgia
J.E. Howell, J.T. Peterson, M.J. Conroy
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 168-178
To predict the distributions of breeding birds in the state of Georgia, USA, we built hierarchical models consisting of 4 levels of nested mapping units of decreasing area: 90,000 ha, 3,600 ha, 144 ha, and 5.76 ha. We used the Partners in Flight database of point counts to generate presence...
Groundwater nutrient concentrations near an incised midwestern stream: Effects of floodplain lithology and land management
K. E. Schilling, P. Jacobson
2008, Biogeochemistry (87) 199-216
It has been recognized that subsurface lithology plays an important role in controlling nutrient cycling and transport in riparian zones. In Iowa and adjacent states, the majority of alluvium preserved in small and moderate sized valleys consists of Holocene-age organic-rich, and fine-grained loam. In this paper, we describe and evaluate...
Soil modification by invasive plants: Effects on native and invasive species of mixed-grass prairies
N.R. Jordan, D.L. Larson, S.C. Huerd
2008, Biological Invasions (10) 177-190
Invasive plants are capable of modifying attributes of soil to facilitate further invasion by conspecifics and other invasive species. We assessed this capability in three important plant invaders of grasslands in the Great Plains region of North America: leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula), smooth brome (Bromus inermis) and crested wheatgrass (Agropyron...
Titan's surface from the Cassini RADAR radiometry data during SAR mode
F. Paganelli, M.A. Janssen, R.M. Lopes, E. Stofan, S. D. Wall, R. D. Lorenz, J. I. Lunine, Randolph L. Kirk, L. Roth, C. Elachi
2008, Planetary and Space Science (56) 100-108
We present initial results on the calibration and interpretation of the high-resolution radiometry data acquired during the Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mode (SAR-radiometry) of the Cassini Radar Mapper during its first five flybys of Saturn's moon Titan.We construct maps of the brightness temperature at the 2-cm wavelength coincident with SAR...
Physical, biotic, and sampling influences on diel habitat use by stream-dwelling bull trout
N.P. Banish, J.T. Peterson, R.F. Thurow
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 176-187
We used daytime and nighttime underwater observation to assess microhabitat use by bull trout Salvelinus confluentus (N = 213) in streams of the intermountain western USA during the summers of 2001 and 2002. We recorded fish focal points and measured a set of habitat characteristics as well as habitat availability...
Influence of dams and habitat condition on the distribution of redhorse (Moxostoma) species in the Grand River watershed, Ontario
S.M. Reid, N.E. Mandrak, L.M. Carl, C.C. Wilson
2008, Environmental Biology of Fishes (81) 111-125
Redhorse, Moxostoma spp., are considered to be negatively affected by dams although this assertion is untested for Canadian populations. One hundred and fifty-one sites in the Grand River watershed were sampled to identify factors influencing the distribution of redhorse species. Individual species of redhorse were captured from 3 to 32%...
Recent bright gully deposits on Mars: Wet or dry flow?
Jon D. Pelletier, Kelly J. Kolb, Alfred S. McEwen, Randolph L. Kirk
2008, Geology (36) 211-214
Bright gully sediments attributed to liquid water flow have been deposited on Mars within the past several years. To test the liquid water flow hypothesis, we constructed a high-resolution (1 m/pixel) photogrammetric digital elevation model of a crater in the Centauri Montes region, where a bright gully deposit formed between...
Influence of variable chemical conditions on EDTA-enhanced transport of metal ions in mildly acidic groundwater
D.B. Kent, J.A. Davis, J.L. Joye, G.P. Curtis
2008, Environmental Pollution (153) 44-52
Adsorption of Ni and Pb on aquifer sediments from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, USA increased with increasing pH and metal-ion concentration. Adsorption could be described quantitatively using a semi-mechanistic surface complexation model (SCM), in which adsorption is described using chemical reactions between metal ions and adsorption sites. Equilibrium reactive transport simulations...
Assessing manure management strategies through small-plot research and whole-farm modeling
A.M. Garcia, T.L. Veith, P.J.A. Kleinman, C.A. Rotz, L.S. Saporito
2008, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (63) 204-211
Plot-scale experimentation can provide valuable insight into the effects of manure management practices on phosphorus (P) runoff, but whole-farm evaluation is needed for complete assessment of potential trade offs. Artificially-applied rainfall experimentation on small field plots and event-based and long-term simulation modeling were used to compare P loss in runoff...
Zero-inflated modeling of fish catch per unit area resulting from multiple gears: Application to channel catfish and shovelnose sturgeon in the Missouri River
A. Arab, M. L. Wildhaber, C. K. Wikle, C.N. Gentry
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 1044-1058
Fisheries studies often employ multiple gears that result in large percentages of zero values. We considered a zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) model with random effects to address these excessive zeros. By employing a Bayesian ZIP model that simultaneously incorporates data from multiple gears to analyze data from the Missouri River, we...
Role of NSO compounds during primary cracking of a Type II kerogen and a Type III lignite
F. Behar, F. Lorant, M. Lewan
2008, Organic Geochemistry (39) 1-22
The aim of this work is to follow the generation of NSO compounds during the artificial maturation of an immature Type II kerogen and a Type III lignite in order to determine the different sources of the petroleum potential during primary cracking. Experiments were carried out in closed system pyrolysis...
Seasonal frost effects on the dynamic behavior of a twenty-story office building
Z. Yang, U. Dutta, F. Xiong, N. Biswas, H. Benz
2008, Cold Regions Science and Technology (51) 76-84
Studies have shown that seasonal frost can significantly affect the seismic behavior of a bridge foundation system in cold regions. However, little information could be found regarding seasonal frost effects on the dynamic behavior of buildings. Based on the analysis of building vibration data recorded by a permanent strong-motion instrumentation...
An overview of methods for developing bioenergetic and life history models for rare and endangered species
J.H. Petersen, D.L. DeAngelis, C.P. Paukert
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 244-253
Many fish species are at risk to some degree, and conservation efforts are planned or underway to preserve sensitive populations. For many imperiled species, models could serve as useful tools for researchers and managers as they seek to understand individual growth, quantify predator-prey dynamics, and identify critical sources of mortality....
Joint inversion of fundamental and higher mode Rayleigh waves
Y.-H. Luo, J.-H. Xia, J.-P. Liu, Q.-S. Liu
2008, Chinese Journal of Geophysics (Acta Geophysica Sinica) (51) 242-249
In this paper, we analyze the characteristics of the phase velocity of fundamental and higher mode Rayleigh waves in a six-layer earth model. The results show that fundamental mode is more sensitive to the shear velocities of shallow layers (< 7 m) and concentrated in a very narrow band (around...
Relations between nutritional condition and survival of North American elk Cervus elaphus
Louis C. Bender, J.G. Cook, R.C. Cook, P.B. Hall
2008, Wildlife Biology (14) 70-80
We related annual and seasonal survival of four populations of elk Cervus elaphus in the Pacific Northwest, USA, to measures and indices of individual nutritional condition. Among populations, for all mortality (human and non-human causes) sources inclusive, annual survival of adult females was correlated with a rump body condition score...
Winter survival of Eurasian woodcock Scolopax rusticola in central Italy
A. Aradis, M.W. Miller, G. Landucci, P. Ruda, S. Taddei, F. Spina
2008, Wildlife Biology (14) 36-43
The Eurasian woodcock Scolopax rusticola is a popular game bird in much of Europe. However, little is known about its population dynamics. We estimated winter survival of woodcock in a protected area with no hunting in central Italy. We radio-tagged 68 woodcocks with battery-powered radio-transmitters during 2001-2005. Woodcocks were captured...
Isotope geochemistry of mercury in source rocks, mineral deposits and spring deposits of the California Coast Ranges, USA
C.N. Smith, S.E. Kesler, J.D. Blum, J. J. Rytuba
2008, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (269) 398-406
We present here the first study of the isotopic composition of mercury in rocks, ore deposits, and active spring deposits from the California Coast Ranges, a part of Earth's crust with unusually extensive evidence of mercury mobility and enrichment. The Franciscan Complex and Great Valley Sequence, which form the bedrock...
Occurrence and fate of pesticides in four contrasting agricultural settings in the United States
G. V. Steele, H.M. Johnson, Mark W. Sandstrom, P. D. Capel, J.E. Barbash
2008, Journal of Environmental Quality (37) 1116-1132
Occurrence and fate of 45 pesticides and 40 pesticide degradates were investigated in four contrasting agricultural settings—in Maryland, Nebraska, California, and Washington. Primary crops included corn at all sites, soybeans in Maryland, orchards in California and Washington, and vineyards in Washington. Pesticides and pesticide degradates detected in water samples from...
Greenland ice sheet surface temperature, melt and mass loss: 2000-06
D.K. Hall, R.S. Williams Jr., S.B. Luthcke, N.E. DiGirolamo
2008, Journal of Glaciology (54) 81-93
A daily time series of 'clear-sky' surface temperature has been compiled of the Greenland ice sheet (GIS) using 1 km resolution moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS) land-surface temperature (LST) maps from 2000 to 2006. We also used mass-concentration data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) to study mass change...
Nutrient availability affects pigment production but not growth in lichens of biological soil crusts
M. A. Bowker, G.W. Koch, J. Belnap, N.C. Johnson
2008, Soil Biology and Biochemistry (40) 2819-2826
Recent research suggests that micronutrients such as Mn may limit growth of slow-growing biological soil crusts (BSCs) in some of the drylands of the world. These soil surface communities contribute strongly to arid ecosystem function and are easily degraded, creating a need for new restoration tools. The possibility that Mn...
Influence of flow-through and renewal exposures on the toxicity of copper to rainbow trout
P.G. Welsh, J. Lipton, C.A. Mebane, J.C.A. Marr
2008, Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety (69) 199-208
We examined changes in water chemistry and copper (Cu) toxicity in three paired renewal and flow-through acute bioassays with rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Test exposure methodology influenced both exposure water chemistry and measured Cu toxicity. Ammonia and organic carbon concentrations were higher and the fraction of dissolved Cu lower in...
Continuation of the New England Orogen, Australia, beneath the Queensland Plateau and Lord Howe rise
N. Mortimer, F. Hauff, A.T. Calvert
2008, Australian Journal of Earth Sciences (55) 195-209
Greywacke, argillite, greyschist and hypabyssal igneous rocks have been obtained from an Ocean Drilling Program core on the Queensland Plateau and from xenoliths in a volcanic breccia dredged from the crest of the Lord Howe Rise. Low to intermediate detrital quartz contents, 260-240 Ma K-Ar ages, and only moderately radiogenic...
Seasonal survival of radiomarked emperor geese in western Alaska
Jerry W. Hupp, Joel A. Schmutz, Craig R. Ely
2008, Journal of Wildlife Management (72) 1584-1595
The population of emperor geese (Chen canagica) in western Alaska, USA, declined by >50% from the 1960s to the mid‐1980s and has increased only slightly since. Rates of population increase among arctic geese are especially sensitive to changes in adult survival. Improving adult survival in seasons or geographic areas where...
Importance of physical and hydraulic characteristics to unionid mussels: A retrospective analysis in a reach of large river
S. J. Zigler, T.J. Newton, J. J. Steuer, M.R. Bartsch, J.S. Sauer
2008, Hydrobiologia (598) 343-360
Interest in understanding physical and hydraulic factors that might drive distribution and abundance of freshwater mussels has been increasing due to their decline throughout North America. We assessed whether the spatial distribution of unionid mussels could be predicted from physical and hydraulic variables in a reach of the Upper Mississippi...
