Utility of shallow-water ATRIS images in defining biogeologic processes and self-similarity in skeletal scleractinia, Florida reefs
B. H. Lidz, J. C. Brock, D.B. Nagle
2008, Conference Paper, Journal of Coastal Research
A recently developed remote-sensing instrument acquires high-quality digital photographs in shallow-marine settings within water depths of 15 m. The technology, known as the Along-Track Reef-Imaging System, provides remarkably clear, georeferenced imagery that allows visual interpretation of benthic class (substrates, organisms) for mapping coral reef habitats, as intended. Unforeseen, however, are...
Use of an integrated flow model to estimate ecologically relevant hydrologic characteristics at stream biomonitoring sites
J.G. Kennen, L. J. Kauffman, M. A. Ayers, D.M. Wolock, Susan J. Colarullo
2008, Ecological Modelling (211) 57-76
We developed an integrated hydroecological model to provide a comprehensive set of hydrologic variables representing five major components of the flow regime at 856 aquatic-invertebrate monitoring sites in New Jersey. The hydroecological model simulates streamflow by routing water that moves overland and through the subsurface from atmospheric delivery to the...
Estimating groundwater recharge in Hebei Plain, China under varying land use practices using tritium and bromide tracers
B. Wang, M. Jin, J. R. Nimmo, L. Yang, W. Wang
2008, Journal of Hydrology (356) 209-222
Tritium and bromide were used as applied tracers to determine groundwater recharge in Hebei Plain, North China, to evaluate the impacts of different soil types, land use, irrigation, and crop cultivation practice on recharge. Additional objectives were to evaluate temporal variability of recharge and the effect on results of the...
Physiological response of some economically important freshwater salmonids to catch-and-release fishing
Gary Wedemeyer, R.S. Wydoski
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 1587-1596
Catch-and-release fishing regulations are widely used by fishery resource managers to maintain both the quantity and quality of sport fish populations. We evaluated blood chemistry disturbances in wild brook trout Salvelinus fontinalis, brown trout Salmo trutta, cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarkii, and Arctic grayling Thymallus arcticus that had been hooked and...
Detection and attribution of temperature changes in the mountainous Western United States
Celine Bonfils, B.D. Santer, D.W. Pierce, H.G. Hidalgo, G. Bala, T. Das, T.P. Barnett, D.R. Cayan, C. Doutriaux, A.W. Wood, A. Mirin, T. Nozawa
2008, Journal of Climate (21) 6404-6424
Large changes in the hydrology of the western United States have been observed since the mid-twentieth century. These include a reduction in the amount of precipitation arriving as snow, a decline in snowpack at low and midelevations, and a shift toward earlier arrival of both snowmelt and the centroid (center...
Status of the desert tortoise in Red Rock Canyon State Park
Kristin H. Berry, Kevin Keith, Tracy Y. Bailey
2008, California Fish and Game (94) 98-118
We surveyed for desert tortoises, Gopherus agassizii, in the western part of Red Rock Canyon State Park and watershed in eastern Kern County, California, between 2002 and 2004. We used two techniques: a single demographic plot (~4 km2 ) and 37 landscape plots (1-ha each). We estimated population densities of...
Avoidance behavior of juvenile lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) exposed to Bayluscide 3.2% Granular Sea Lamprey Larvicide
Michael A Boogaard, Jane E Rivera, Mark P Gaikowski
2008, Report
Avoidance of juvenile lake sturgeons < 100 mm in length in response to application of the Bayluscide 3.2% Granular Sea Lamprey Larvicide was assessed. Clear plexiglas columns (107 cm in height, 30.5 cm in diameter) to evaluate the potential for the normally bottom-dwelling fishes to move vertically in the water...
Biological and societal dimensions of lead poisoning in birds in the USA
Milton Friend, J. Christian Franson, William L. Anderson
2008, Book chapter, Ingestion of lead from spent ammunition: Implications for wildlife and humans: May 2008 Proceedings
The ingestion of spent lead shot was known to cause mortality in wild waterfowl in the US a century before the implementation of nontoxic shot regulations began in 1972. The biological foundation for this transition was strongly supported by both field observations and structured scientific investigations. Despite the overwhelming evidence,...
Effects of 2003 wildfires on stream chemistry in Glacier National Park, Montana
M. Alisa Mast, David W. Clow
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 5013-5023
Changes in stream chemistry were studied for 4 years following large wildfires that burned in Glacier National Park during the summer of 2003. Burned and unburned drainages were monitored from December 2003 through August 2007 for streamflow, major constituents, nutrients, and suspended sediment following the fires. Stream-water nitrate concentrations showed...
The 2005 catastrophic acid crater lake drainage, lahar, and acidic aerosol formation at Mount Chiginagak volcano, Alaska, USA: Field observations and preliminary water and vegetation chemistry results
J.R. Schaefer, W. E. Scott, William C. Evans, J. Jorgenson, R. G. McGimsey, B. Wang
2008, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (9)
A mass of snow and ice 400-m-wide and 105-m-thick began melting in the summit crater of Mount Chiginagak volcano sometime between November 2004 and early May 2005, presumably owing to increased heat flux from the hydrothermal system, or possibly from magma intrusion and degassing. In early May 2005, an estimated...
Detecting biological responses to flow management: Missed opportunities; future directions
Y. Souchon, C. Sabaton, R. Deibel, D. Reiser, J. Kershner, M. Gard, C. Katopodis, P. Leonard, N.L. Poff, W.J. Miller, B. L. Lamb
2008, Conference Paper, River Research and Applications
The conclusions of numerous stream restoration assessments all around the world are extremely clear and convergent: there has been insufficient appropriate monitoring to improve general knowledge and expertise. In the specialized field of instream flow alterations, we consider that there are several opportunities comparable to full-size experiments. Hundreds of water...
Peat porewater chloride concentration profiles in the Everglades during wet/dry cycles from January 1996 to June 1998: Field measurements and theoretical analysis
M.M. Reddy, M.B. Reddy, K.L. Kipp, A. Burman, Peter Schuster, P.S. Rawlik Jr.
2008, Hydrological Processes (22) 1713-1724
Water quality is a key aspect of the Everglades Restoration Project, the largest water reclamation and ecosystem management project proposed in the United States. Movement of nutrients and contaminants to and from Everglades peat porewater could have important consequences for Everglades water quality and ecosystem restoration activities. In a study...
Modeling mechanisms of vegetation change due to fire in a semi-arid ecosystem
J.D. White, K.J. Gutzwiller, W.C. Barrow, L.J. Randall, P. Swint
2008, Ecological Modelling (214) 181-200
Vegetation growth and community composition in semi-arid environments is determined by water availability and carbon assimilation mechanisms specific to different plant types. Disturbance also impacts vegetation productivity and composition dependent on area affected, intensity, and frequency factors. In this study, a new spatially explicit ecosystem model is presented for the...
Pathogen and chemical transport in the karst limestone of the Biscayne aquifer: 3. Use of microspheres to estimate the transport potential of Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts
Ronald W. Harvey, David W. Metge, Allen M. Shapiro, Robert A. Renken, Christina L. Osborn, Joseph N. Ryan, Kevin J. Cunningham, Lee L. Landkamer
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
The vulnerability of a municipal well in the Northwest well field in southeastern Florida to potential contamination by Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts was assessed in a large‐scale, forced‐gradient (convergent) injection and recovery test. The field study involved a simultaneous pulse introduction of a nonreactive tracer (SF6, an inert gas) and oocyst‐sized (1.6, 2.9,...
Baseline studies in the Elwha River ecosystem prior to dam removal: Introduction to the special issue
Jeffrey J. Duda, Jerry Freilich, Edward G. Schreiner
2008, Northwest Science (82) 1-12
The planned removal of two dams that have been in place for over 95 years on the Elwha River provides a unique opportunity to study dam removal effects. Among the largest dams ever considered for removal, this project is compelling because 83% of the watershed lies undisturbed in Olympic National...
The GIS Weasel: An interface for the development of geographic information used in environmental simulation modeling
Roland J. Viger
2008, Computers & Geosciences (34) 891-901
The GIS Weasel is a freely available, open-source software package built on top of ArcInfo Workstation?? [ESRI, Inc., 2001, ArcInfo Workstation (8.1 ed.), Redlands, CA] for creating maps and parameters of geographic features used in environmental simulation models. The software has been designed to minimize the need for GIS expertise...
Seasonal variation in sensitivity of larval sea lampreys to the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol
R.J. Scholefield, K.S. Slaght, B.E. Stephens
2008, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (28) 1609-1617
We evaluated the sensitivity of larval sea lampreys Petromyzon marinus to the lampricide 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) in a series of toxicity tests in spring and summer. Although noted previously, the seasonal variation in sensitivity to TFM had never been tested as a means of reducing TFM usage in stream treatments. A...
Potential for 4-n-nonylphenol biodegradation in stream sediments
P. M. Bradley, L. B. Barber, D.W. Kolpin, P.B. McMahon, F. H. Chapelle
2008, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (27) 260-265
The potential for in situ biodegradation of 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) was investigated in three hydrologically distinct streams impacted by wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) in the United States. Microcosms were prepared with sediments from each site and amended with [U-ring-14C]4-n-nonylphenol (4-n-NP) as a model test substrate. Microcosms prepared with sediment collected upstream...
Trends and spatial distribution of annual and seasonal rainfall in Ethiopia
W.H. Cheung, G.B. Senay, A. Singh
2008, International Journal of Climatology (28) 1723-1734
As a country whose economy is heavily dependent on low-productivity rainfed agriculture, rainfall trends are often cited as one of the more important factors in explaining various socio-economic problems such as food insecurity. Therefore, in order to help policymakers and developers make more informed decisions, this study investigated the temporal...
Regional groundwater flow in mountainous terrain: Three‐dimensional simulations of topographic and hydrogeologic controls
Tom Gleeson, Andrew H. Manning
2008, Water Resources Research (44)
This study uses numerical simulations to define the salient controls on regional groundwater flow in 3‐D mountainous terrain by systematically varying topographic and hydrogeologic variables. Topography for idealized multiple‐basin mountainous terrain is derived from geomatic data and literature values. Water table elevation, controlled by the ratio of...
Influence of gravel mining and other factors on detection probabilities of Coastal Plain fishes in the Mobile River Basin, Alabama
C.-A. Hayer, E.R. Irwin
2008, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (137) 1606-1620
We used an information-theoretic approach to examine the variation in detection probabilities for 87 Piedmont and Coastal Plain fishes in relation to instream gravel mining in four Alabama streams of the Mobile River drainage. Biotic and abiotic variables were also included in candidate models. Detection probabilities were heterogeneous across species...
Assessing manure management strategies through small-plot research and whole-farm modeling
A.M. Garcia, T.L. Veith, P.J.A. Kleinman, C.A. Rotz, L.S. Saporito
2008, Journal of Soil and Water Conservation (63) 204-211
Plot-scale experimentation can provide valuable insight into the effects of manure management practices on phosphorus (P) runoff, but whole-farm evaluation is needed for complete assessment of potential trade offs. Artificially-applied rainfall experimentation on small field plots and event-based and long-term simulation modeling were used to compare P loss in runoff...
Gypsum-karst problems in constructing dams in the USA
K.S. Johnson
2008, Conference Paper, Environmental Geology
Gypsum is a highly soluble rock and is dissolved readily to form caves, sinkholes, disappearing streams, and other karst features that typically are also present in limestones and dolomites. Gypsum karst is widespread in the USA and has caused problems at several sites where dams were built, or where dam...
Identification of spectral units on Phoebe
A. Coradini, F. Tosi, A.I. Gavrishin, F. Capaccioni, P. Cerroni, G. Filacchione, A. Adriani, R. H. Brown, G. Bellucci, V. Formisano, E. D’Aversa, J. I. Lunine, K. H. Baines, J.-P. Bibring, B. J. Buratti, R. N. Clark, D. P. Cruikshank, M. Combes, P. Drossart, R. Jaumann, Y. Langevin, D. L. Matson, T. B. McCord, V. Mennella, R.M. Nelson, P. D. Nicholson, B. Sicardy, Christophe Sotin, M.M. Hedman, G. B. Hansen, C. A. Hibbitts, M. Showalter, C. Griffith, G. Strazzulla
2008, Icarus (193) 233-251
We apply a multivariate statistical method to the Phoebe spectra collected by the VIMS experiment onboard the Cassini spacecraft during the flyby of June 2004. The G-mode clustering method, which permits identification of the most important features in a spectrum, is used on a small subset of data, characterized by...
Spatial and temporal zoning of hydrothermal alteration and mineralization in the Sossego iron oxide-copper-gold deposit, Carajás Mineral Province, Brazil: Paragenesis and stable isotope constraints
Lena V.S. Monteiro, R.P. Xavier, E.R. Carvalho, M.W. Hitzman, C. A. Johnson, Filho C.R. Souza, I. Torresi
2008, Mineralium Deposita (43) 129-159
The Sossego iron oxide–copper–gold deposit (245 Mt @ 1.1% Cu, 0.28 g/t Au) in the Carajás Mineral Province of Brazil consists of two major groups of orebodies (Pista–Sequeirinho–Baiano and Sossego–Curral) with distinct alteration assemblages that are separated from each other by a major high angle fault. The deposit is located along...
