The International Geomagnetic Reference Field, 2005
Kenneth S. Rukstales, Jeffrey J. Love
2007, Scientific Investigations Map 2964
This is a set of five world charts showing the declination, inclination, horizontal intensity, vertical component, and total intensity of the Earth's magnetic field at mean sea level at the beginning of 2005. The charts are based on the International Geomagnetic Reference Field (IGRF) main model for 2005 and secular...
Lithosphere stress and deformation
M.L. Zoback, M. Zoback
2007, Book chapter, Treatise on Geophysics
After several decades of investigation, a surprisingly simple view of the lithospheric state of stress has emerged. Broad regions of the lithosphere (scales up to thousands of kilometers) are characterized by remarkably uniform stress fields, both in terms of orientations and...
Dynamic triggering
D.P. Hill, S.G. Prejean
2007, Book chapter, Treatise on Geophysics
A growing body of evidence demonstrates that dynamic stresses propagating as seismic waves from large earthquakes are capable of triggering additional earthquakes ranging from aftershocks in the near-field (within one or two source dimensions of the mainshock epicenter) to remotely triggered...
Water-balance model of a wetland on the Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota
Kevin C. Vining
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5034
A numerical water-balance model was developed to simulate the responses of a wetland on the Fort Berthold Reservation, North Dakota, to historical and possible extreme hydrological inputs and to changes in hydrological inputs that might occur if a proposed refinery is built on the reservation. Results from model simulations indicated...
Cenozoic environmental changes along the East Antarctic continental margin inferred from regional seismic stratigraphy
G.L. Leitchenkov, Y.B. Guseva, V.V. Gandyukhin
2007, Open-File Report 2007-1047-SRP-005
We interpret ~40,000 km of multichannelseismic reflection lines collected by the Russian Antarctic Expedition along the East Antarctic continental margin between 32° E and 115° E, and present a revised seismic stratigraphic model for depositional paleoenvironments of the region. Variations in acoustic facies characteristics observed across major seismic horizons are correlated...
A Dreissena Risk Assessment for the Colorado River Ecosystem
Theodore A. Kennedy
2007, Open-File Report 2007-1085
Executive Summary Nonnative zebra and quagga mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and Dreissena bugensis, respectively; see photo above) were accidentally introduced to the Great Lakes in the 1980s and subsequently spread to watersheds of the Eastern United States (Strayer and others, 1999). The introduction of Dreissena mussels has been economically costly and has...
Crust and lithospheric structure – Global crustal structure
Walter D. Mooney
2007, Book chapter, Treatise on Geophysics
The Earth’s crust has played an important role in all aspects of this planet’s evolution. This chapter presents a review of our current understanding of the physical properties of the crust on a global basis. This understanding comes from extensive seismic measurements using many...
Beating effect identified from seismic responses of instrumented buildings
Mehmet Celebi
2007, Conference Paper, New Horizons and Better Practices
Beating effects observed in the recorded responses of buildings are examined in this paper. Beating is a periodic, resonating and prolonged vibrational behavior caused by distinctive close coupling of translational and torsional modes of a lightly damped structure. Repetitively stored potential...
Application of a Two-Dimensional Reservoir Water-Quality Model of Beaver Lake, Arkansas, for the Evaluation of Simulated Changes in Input Water Quality, 2001-2003
Joel M. Galloway, W. Reed Green
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5302
Beaver Lake is considered a primary watershed of concern in the State of Arkansas. As such, information is needed to assess water quality, especially nutrient enrichment, nutrient-algal relations, turbidity, and sediment issues within the system. A previously calibrated two-dimensional, laterally averaged model of hydrodynamics and water quality was used for...
Characterization of habitat and biological communities at fixed sites in the Great Salt Lake basins, Utah, Idaho, and Wyoming, water years 1999-2001
Christine M. Albano, Elise M. P. Giddings
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5300
Habitat and biological communities were sampled at 10 sites in the Great Salt Lake Basins as part of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Assessment program to assess the occurrence and distribution of biological organisms in relation to environmental conditions. Sites were distributed among the Bear River, Weber River, and...
Methods of analysis by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group--Determination of dissolved isoxaflutole and its sequential degradation products, diketonitrile and benzoic acid, in water using solid-phase extraction and liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry
Michael T. Meyer, Edward A. Lee, Elisabeth A. Scribner
2007, Techniques and Methods 5-A9
An analytical method for the determination of isoxaflutole and its sequential degradation products, diketonitrile and a benzoic acid analogue, in filtered water with varying matrices was developed by the U.S. Geological Survey Organic Geochemistry Research Group in Lawrence, Kansas. Four different water-sample matrices fortified at 0.02 and 0.10 ug/L (micrograms...
Streamflow and nutrient fluxes of the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin and subbasins for the period of record through 2005
Brent T. Aulenbach, Herbert T. Buxton, William A. Battaglin, Richard H. Coupe
2007, Open-File Report 2007-1080
U.S. Geological Survey has monitored streamflow and water quality systematically in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin (MARB) for more than five decades. This report provides streamflow and estimates of nutrient delivery (flux) to the Gulf of Mexico from both the Atchafalaya River and the main stem of the Mississippi River. This...
Report on the final completion of the Unified Lunar Control Network 2005 and Lunar Topographic Model
Brent A. Archinal, Mark R. Rosiek, Randolph L. Kirk, Trent M. Hare, Bonnie L. Redding
2007, Conference Paper, ISPRS Working Group IV/7 Extraterrestrial Mapping: Advances in Planetary Mapping 2007
In order to highlight this project to the extraterrestrial mapping community, we repeat here our earlier abstract [1], with a corrected Figure 2. A report describing the Unified Lunar Control Network 2005 and the files associated with that network is now available as an on-line USGS Open-File Report [2] at...
Developing methods to assess and predict the population and community level effects of environmental contaminants
John M. Emlen, Kathrine R. Springman
2007, Integrated Environmental Assessment and Management (3) 157-165
The field of ecological toxicity seems largely to have drifted away from what its title implies—assessing and predicting the ecological consequences of environmental contaminants—moving instead toward an emphasis on individual effects and physiologic case studies. This paper elucidates how a relatively new ecological methodology, interaction assessment (INTASS), could be useful...
Land-Cover Change in the Southern Lake Tahoe Basin, California and Nevada, 1940-2002
Christian G. Raumann
2007, Scientific Investigations Map 2962
The Lake Tahoe basin has been subject to significant landscape-altering human activity since the mid-1850s; in particular, widespread timber harvest from the 1850s to 1920s and urban development from the 1950s to the present. The consequences of changes such as impacted water quality, degraded biotic communities, and increased fire hazard...
U.S. Geological Survey scientific activities in the exploration of Antarctica: 1946-2006 record of personnel in Antarctica and their postal cachets: U.S. Navy (1946-48, 1954-60), International Geophysical Year (1957-58), and USGS (1960-2006)
Tony K. Meunier, Richard S. Williams Jr., Jane G. Ferrigno
2007, Open-File Report 2006-1116
Antarctica, a vast region encompassing 13.2 million km2 (5.1 million mi2), is considered to be one of the most important scientific laboratories on Earth. During the past 60 years, the USGS, in collaboration and with logistical support from the National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs, has sent 325 USGS...
Hydrogeology and Simulated Ground-Water Flow in the Salt Pond Region of Southern Rhode Island
John P. Masterson, Jason R. Sorenson, Janet Radway Stone, S. Bradley Moran, Andrea Hougham
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5271
The Salt Pond region of southern Rhode Island extends from Westerly to Narragansett Bay and forms the natural boundary between the Atlantic Ocean and the shallow, highly permeable freshwater aquifer of the South Coastal Basin. Large inputs of fresh ground water coupled with the low flushing rates to the open...
Resolution effects in radarclinometry
Randolph L. Kirk, Jani Radebaugh
2007, Conference Paper, ISPRS Working Group IV/7: Extraterrestrial Mapping Workshop: Advances in Planetary Mapping 2007
Data from the Cassini-Huygens mission, in particular images from the Cassini Titan Radar Mapper (RADAR) have revealed Saturn's giant moon, Titan to be a world whose geologic diversity and complexity approach those of the Earth itself. Estimates of topographic relief are, naturally, of enormous interest in the effort to understand...
The HRSC DTM test
Christian Heipke, Jurgen Oberst, Jeorg Albertz, Maria Attwenger, Peter Dorninger, Egon Dorrer, M. Ewe, Stephan Gehrke, Klaus Gwinner, H. Hirschmuller, J.R. Kim, Randolph L. Kirk, H. Mayer, Jan-Peter Muller, Rajagopalan Rengarajan, M. Rentsch, R. Schmidt, Frank Scholten, J. Shan, Michael Spiegel, M. Wahlisch, Gerhard Neukum, HRSC Co-Investigator Team
2007, Conference Paper, ISPRS Working Group IV/7: Extraterrestrial Mapping: Advances in Planetary Mapping 2007
The High Resolution Stereo Camera (HRSC, [1]) is part of the orbiter payload on the Mars Express (MEX) mission of the European Space Agency (ESA), orbiting the Red Planet in a highly elliptical orbit since January 2004. For the first time in planetary exploration, a camera system has especially been...
Simulated Ground-Water Withdrawals by Cabot WaterWorks from the Mississippi River Valley Alluvial Aquifer, Lonoke County, Arkansas
John B. Czarnecki
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5030
Cabot WaterWorks, located in Lonoke County, Arkansas, plans to increase ground-water withdrawals from the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer from a 2004 rate of approximately 2.24 million gallons per day to between 4.8 and 8 million gallons per day by the end of 2049. The effects of increased pumping from...
Seismic Shear Wave Reflection Imaging at the Former Fort Ord, Monterey, California
Seth S. Haines, Bethany L. Burton, Lewis E. Hunter
2007, Open-File Report 2007-1068
At the former Fort Ord in Monterey County, California, contamination threatens an aquifer that provides drinking water for local communities. Assessment and remediation require accurate hydrological modeling, which in turn require a thorough understanding of aquifer stratigraphy. In order to help guide remediation efforts at the site, the U.S. Geological...
Synthesis of age data and chronology for Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay cores collected for ecosystem history of South Florida’s estuaries project
G. Lynn Wingard, J.W. Hudley, C. W. Holmes, Debra A. Willard, M. Marot
2007, Open-File Report 2007-1203
210Pb, 14C, and pollen biostratigraphic data have been compiled and synthesized to develop age models for cores collected from Florida Bay and Biscayne Bay. These cores are being used to interpret the ecosystem history of south Florida’s estuaries by examining the physical, chemical, and biological record preserved within the cores....
A Precipitation-Runoff Model for the Blackstone River Basin, Massachusetts and Rhode Island
Jeffrey R. Barbaro, Phillip J. Zarriello
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5213
A Hydrological Simulation Program-FORTRAN (HSPF) precipitation-runoff model of the Blackstone River Basin was developed and calibrated to study the effects of changing land- and water-use patterns on water resources. The 474.5 mi2 Blackstone River Basin in southeastern Massachusetts and northern Rhode Island is experiencing rapid population and commercial growth throughout...
A Spatial Landscape Model of Forest Patch Dynamics and Climate Change
Richard T. Busing
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2007-5040
FOREL (a FOREst Landscape model) is an individual-based, multi-scale simulator of forest and climate dynamics. Rationale and design of the model are presented in relation to other forest patch models. Information on implementation of the model is also provided. Capabilities of the FOREL model are demonstrated for forest composition, structure...
Hydraulic survey and scour assessment of Bridge 524, Tanana River at Big Delta, Alaska
Thomas A. Heinrichs, Dustin E. Langley, Robert L. Burrows, Jeffrey S. Conaway
2007, Scientific Investigations Report 2006-5282
Bathymetric and hydraulic data were collected August 26–28, 1996, on the Tanana River at Big Delta, Alaska, at the Richardson Highway bridge and Trans-Alaska Pipeline crossing. Erosion along the right (north) bank of the river between the bridge and the pipeline crossing prompted the data collection. A water-surface profile hydraulic model...
