Flow and form in rehabilitation of large-river ecosystems: an example from the Lower Missouri River
R. B. Jacobson, D.L. Galat
2006, Geomorphology (77) 249-269
On large, intensively engineered rivers like the Lower Missouri, the template of the physical habitat is determined by the nearly independent interaction of channel form and flow regime. We evaluated the interaction between flow and form by modeling four combinations of modern and historical channel form and modern and historical...
Assessment of factors limiting Klamath River fall Chinook salmon production potential using historical flows and temperatures
John M. Bartholow, James A. Henriksen
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1249
We parameterized and applied a deterministic salmon production model to infer the degree to which river flows and temperatures may limit freshwater production potential of the Klamath River in California. Specific parameter requirements, data sources, and significant assumptions are discussed in detail. Model simulations covered a wide variety of historical...
Landscape conditions predisposing grizzly bears to conflicts on private agricultural lands in the western USA
S.M. Wilson, M.J. Madel, D.J. Mattson, J.M. Graham, T. Merrill
2006, Biological Conservation (130) 47-59
We used multiple logistic regression to model how different landscape conditions contributed to the probability of human-grizzly bear conflicts on private agricultural ranch lands. We used locations of livestock pastures, traditional livestock carcass disposal areas (boneyards), beehives, and wetland-riparian associated vegetation to model the locations of 178 reported human-grizzly bear...
A model for autumn pelagic distribution of adult female polar bears in the Chukchi Seas, 1987-1994
George M. Durner, David C. Douglas, R. M. Nielson, Steven C. Amstrup
2006, Report
We made predictions of polar bear (Ursus maritimus) autumn distribution in the Chukchi Sea with a Resource Selection Function (RSF) developed from 1198 satellite radio-collar locations on 124 adult female polar bears, 1987 – 1994. The RSF was created to assist in an aerial survey design for polar bears proposed...
The influence of hazard models on GIS-based regional risk assessments and mitigation policies
R. L. Bernknopf, S.J.M. Rabinovici, N.J. Wood, L.B. Dinitz
2006, International Journal of Risk Assessment and Management (6) 369-387
Geographic information systems (GIS) are important tools for understanding and communicating the spatial distribution of risks associated with natural hazards in regional economies. We present a GIS-based decision support system (DSS) for assessing community vulnerability to natural hazards and evaluating potential mitigation policy outcomes. The Land Use Portfolio Modeler (LUPM)...
Foraging patterns and prey selection in an increasing and expanding sea otter population
K.L. Laidre, R.J. Jameson
2006, Journal of Mammalogy (87) 799-807
Focal observations of sea otter (Enhydra lutris kenyoni) foraging patterns and prey selection were collected in coastal Washington between 1993 and 1999. Records consisted of 13,847 individual dives from 841 feeding bouts ranging from 1 min to >4 h. Average dive time was 55 s ?? 0.9 SE and average...
Transverse and longitudinal variation in woody riparian vegetation along a montane river
Jonathan M. Friedman, G.T. Auble, E.D. Andrews, G. Kittel, R.F. Madole, E.R. Griffin, Tyler M. Allred
2006, Western North American Naturalist (66) 78-91
This study explores how the relationship between flow and riparian vegetation varies along a montane river. We mapped occurrence of woody riparian plant communities along 58 km of the San Miguel River in southwestern Colorado. We determined the recurrence interval of inundation for each plant community by combining step-backwater hydraulic...
Neural network prediction of carbonate lithofacies from well logs, Big Bow and Sand Arroyo Creek fields, Southwest Kansas
L. Qi, T.R. Carr
2006, Computers & Geosciences (32) 947-964
In the Hugoton Embayment of southwestern Kansas, St. Louis Limestone reservoirs have relatively low recovery efficiencies, attributed to the heterogeneous nature of the oolitic deposits. This study establishes quantitative relationships between digital well logs and core description data, and applies these relationships in a probabilistic sense to predict lithofacies in...
Tidal saltmarsh fragmentation and persistence of San Pablo Song Sparrows (Melospiza melodia samuelis): Assessing benefits of wetland restoration in San Francisco Bay
John Y. Takekawa, B.N. Sacks, I. Woo, M.L. Johnson, G.D. Wylie
Greenberg R.Maldonado J.E.Droege S.McDonald M.V., editor(s)
2006, Studies in Avian Biology 238-246
The San Pablo Song Sparrow (Melospiza melodia samuelis) is one of three morphologically distinct Song Sparrow subspecies in tidal marshes of the San Francisco Bay estuary. These subspecies are rare, because as the human population has grown, diking and development have resulted in loss of 79% of the historic tidal...
Odontomariinae, a new middle paleozoic subfamily of slit-bearing euophaloidean gastropods (Euophalomorpha, Gastropoda)
J. Fryda, D. Heidelberger, R. B. Blodgett
2006, Neues Jahrbuch fur Geologie und Palaontologie - Monatshefte 225-248
A new subfamily, the Odontomariinae subfam. nov., is established herein for a distinctive group of uncoiled, slit-bearing Middle Devonian euomphalid gastropods. Its taxonomic position is based on the recent discovery of open coiled protoconchs and it is placed within the Euomphalomorpha. The genera Odontomaria Odontomaria C. F. Roemer and Tubiconcha...
Experiments on δ34S mixing between organic and inorganic sulfur species during thermal maturation
Alon Amrani, Ward Said-Ahamed, Michael D. Lewan, Zeev Aizenshtat
2006, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (70) 5146-5161
Reduced sulfur species were studied to constrain isotopic exchange-mixing with synthetic polysulfide cross-linked macromolecules (PCLM), model sulfur containing molecules and natural sulfur-rich kerogen, asphalt and oil of the Dead Sea area. PCLM represents protokerogens that are rich in sulfur and thermally unstable. Mixing rates of PCLM with <a...
Structural fabrics, mineralization and Lamaride kinematics of the Idaho Springs-Ralston shear zone, Colorado mineral belt and central Front Range uplift
Jonathan S. Caine, E.P. Nelson, S.T. Beach, P.W. Layer
2006, Mountain Geologist (43) 1-24
The Idaho Springs and Central City mining districts form the central portion of a structurally controlled hydrothermal precious- and base-metal vein system in the Front Range of the northeast-trending Colorado Mineral Belt. Three new 40Ar/39Ar plateau ages on hydrothermal sericite indicate the veins formed during the Laramide orogeny between 65.4??1.5...
Patch size and landscape effects on density and nesting success of grassland birds
Maiken Winter, Douglas H. Johnson, Jill A. Shaffer, Therese M. Donovan, W. Daniel Svedarsky
2006, Journal of Wildlife Management (70) 158-172
Current management recommendations for grassland birds in North America emphasize providing large patches of grassland habitat within landscapes that have few forest or shrubland areas. These Bird Conservation Areas are being proposed under the assumption that large patches of habitat in treeless landscapes will maintain viable populations of grassland birds....
Application of artificial neural networks to assess pesticide contamination in shallow groundwater
G.B. Sahoo, C. Ray, E. Mehnert, D.A. Keefer
2006, Science of the Total Environment (367) 234-251
In this study, a feed-forward back-propagation neural network (BPNN) was developed and applied to predict pesticide concentrations in groundwater monitoring wells. Pesticide concentration data are challenging to analyze because they tend to be highly censored. Input data to the neural network included the categorical indices of depth to aquifer material,...
Post-seismic relaxation following the great 2004 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake on a compressible self-gravitating Earth
F. F. Pollitz, R. Burgmann, P. Banerjee
2006, Geophysical Journal International (167) 397-420
he Mw ??? 9.0 2004 December 26 Sumatra-Andaman and Mw =8.7 2005 March 28 Nias earthquakes, which collectively ruptured approximately 1800 km of the Andaman and Sunda subduction zones, are expected to be followed by vigorous viscoelastic relaxation involving both the upper and lower mantle. Because of these large spatial...
The 1906 earthquake and a century of progress in understanding earthquakes and their hazards
M.L. Zoback
2006, GSA Today (16) 4-11
The 18 April 1906 San Francisco earthquake killed nearly 3000 people and left 225,000 residents homeless. Three days after the earthquake, an eight-person Earthquake Investigation Commission composed of 25 geologists, seismologists, geodesists, biologists and engineers, as well as some 300 others started work under the supervision of Andrew Lawson to...
Negative magnetic anomaly over Mt. Resnik, a subaerially erupted volcanic peak beneath the West Antarctic Ice Sheet
John C. Behrendt, Carol A. Finn, D. L. Morse, D. D. Blankenship
2006, Terra Antarctica (12) 203-212
Mt. Resnik is one of the previously reported 18 subaerially erupted volcanoes (in the West Antarctic rift system), which have high elevation and high bed relief beneath the WAIS in the Central West Antarctica (CWA) aerogeophysical survey. Mt. Resnik lies 300 m below the surface of the West Antarctic Ice...
A plastic flow model for the Acquara - Vadoncello landslide in Senerchia, Southern Italy
W. Savage, J. Wasowski
2006, Engineering Geology (83) 4-21
A previously developed model for stress and velocity fields in two-dimensional Coulomb plastic materials under self-weight and pore pressure predicts that long, shallow landslides develop slip surfaces that manifest themselves as normal faults and normal fault scarps at the surface in areas of extending flow and as thrust faults and...
Costimulatory receptors in a teleost fish: Typical CD28, elusive CTLA4
D. Bernard, B. Riteau, J.D. Hansen, R.B. Phillips, F. Michel, P. Boudinot, A. Benmansour
2006, Journal of Immunology (176) 4191-4200
T cell activation requires both specific recognition of the peptide-MHC complex by the TCR and additional signals delivered by costimulatory receptors. We have identified rainbow trout sequences similar to CD28 (rbtCD28) and CTLA4 (rbtCTLA4). rbtCD28 and rbtCTLA4 are composed of an extracellular Ig-superfamily V domain, a...
Drainage effects on the transient, near-surface hydrologic response of a steep hillslope to rainfall: Implications for slope stability, Edmonds, Washington, USA
G. Biavati, J. W. Godt, J.P. McKenna
2006, Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences (6) 343-355
Shallow landslides on steep (>25??) hillsides along Puget Sound have resulted in occasional loss of life and costly damage to property during intense or prolonged rainfall. As part of a larger project to assess landslide hazards in the Seattle area, the U.S. Geological Survey instrumented two coastal bluff sites in...
Comparative performance of fixed-film biological filters: Application of reactor theory
B.J. Watten, P.L. Sibrell
2006, Aquacultural Engineering (34) 198-213
Nitrification is classified as a two-step consecutive reaction where R1 represents the rate of formation of the intermediate product NO2-N and R2 represents the rate of formation of the final product NO3-N. The relative rates of R1 and R2 are influenced by reactor type characterized hydraulically as plug-flow, plug-flow with...
Inverse modeling for seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers: Insights about parameter sensitivities, variances, correlations and estimation procedures derived from the Henry problem
E. Sanz, C.I. Voss
2006, Advances in Water Resources (29) 439-457
Inverse modeling studies employing data collected from the classic Henry seawater intrusion problem give insight into several important aspects of inverse modeling of seawater intrusion problems and effective measurement strategies for estimation of parameters for seawater intrusion. Despite the simplicity of the Henry problem, it embodies the behavior of a...
The fitting of general force-of-infection models to wildlife disease prevalence data
D.M. Heisey, D.O. Joly, F. Messier
2006, Ecology (87) 2356-2365
Researchers and wildlife managers increasingly find themselves in situations where they must deal with infectious wildlife diseases such as chronic wasting disease, brucellosis, tuberculosis, and West Nile virus. Managers are often charged with designing and implementing control strategies, and researchers often seek to determine factors that influence and control the...
Spectrophotometric properties of materials observed by Pancam on the Mars Exploration Rovers: 1. Spirit
J. R. Johnson, W.M. Grundy, M.T. Lemmon, J.F. Bell III, M. J. Johnson, R.G. Deen, R. E. Arvidson, W. H. Farrand, E.A. Guinness, A. G. Hayes, Kenneth E. Herkenhoff, F. Seelos IV, J. Soderblom, S. Squyres
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
Multispectral observations of rocks and soils were acquired under varying illumination and viewing geometries in visible/near‐infrared wavelengths by the Panoramic Camera (Pancam) on the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover to provide constraints on the physical and mineralogical nature of geologic materials in Gusev Crater. Data sets were acquired at six sites...
Radiative transfer modeling of dust-coated Pancam calibration target materials: Laboratory visible/near-infrared spectrogoniometry
J. R. Johnson, J. Sohl-Dickstein, W.M. Grundy, R. E. Arvidson, J.F. Bell III, P. R. Christensen, T. Graff, E.A. Guinness, K. Kinch, Robert Morris, M.K. Shepard
2006, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (111)
Laboratory visible/near-infrared multispectral observations of Mars Exploration Rover Pancam calibration target materials coated with different thicknesses of Mars spectral analog dust were acquired under variable illumination geometries using the Bloomsburg University Goniometer. The data were fit with a two-layer radiative transfer model that combines a Hapke formulation for the dust...
