Scientific Investigations Report 2006–5060
U.S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
Scientific Investigations Report 2006–5060
Modeling Water Quality Effects of Structural and Operational Changes to Scoggins
Dam and Henry Hagg Lake, Oregon
Prepared in cooperation with Clean Water Services
By Annett B. Sullivan and Stewart A. Rounds
Table of Contents
Conversion Factors, Datums, Abbreviations,
and Acronyms
Abstract
Introduction
Model Description and Predictive Utility
Scenario Descriptions
Results
Implications for Future Dam Operation
“Preferred” Options
Other Issues
Acknowledgments
Supplemental Material
References Cited
Appendix A. A New “Withdrawal Blending”
Capability for CE-QUAL-W2
Figures
Figure 1. Henry Hagg Lake, Oregon,
and surrounding area.
Figure 2. Types of outlet assemblies
tested in the dam raise scenarios, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 3. Oregon’s maximum water temperature
standard in Scoggins Creek downstream of the dam, the smoothed temperature target
used in model scenarios, the 7-day moving average of the daily maximum temperature
(7dADM) in Scoggins Creek upstream of the lake, and the measured temperature
(7dADM) in 2002 downstream of Scoggins Dam.
Figure 4. Water surface elevations
for the scenarios with the relevant fill curves, Hagg Lake, Oregon, 2002.
Figure 5. Water surface elevations
for the scenarios with the relevant fill curves, Hagg Lake, Oregon, 2001.
Figure 6. Simulated water temperature
in the deepest part of the lake near the dam for 2002 scenarios 10b, 11b, 12b,
and 13b, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 7. Simulated water temperature
in the deepest part of the lake near the dam for 2002 base case (0) and pump-back
scenarios (14b, 15b), Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 8. Simulated water temperature
in the outflow for scenarios 0, 10, 11, 12, and 13, Hagg Lake, Oregon, 2002.
The relevant water temperature standard and the target temperature are shown.
Figure 9. Simulated water temperature
in the outflow for scenarios 0, 14, and 15, Hagg Lake, Oregon, 2002.
Figure 10. Simulated dissolved oxygen
concentrations in the deepest part of the lake near the dam for 2002 scenarios
10b, 11b, 12b, and 13b, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 11. Simulated dissolved oxygen
concentrations in the deepest part of the lake near the dam for 2002 base case
(0) and pump-back scenarios (14b, 15b), Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 12. Simulated dissolved oxygen
concentrations in the outflow for scenarios 10, 11, 12, and 13, Hagg Lake, Oregon,
2002.
Figure 13. Simulated dissolved oxygen
concentrations in the outflow for scenarios 0, 14, and 15, Hagg Lake, Oregon,
2002.
Figure 14. Annual whole-lake average
ammonia concentration and the number of days in 2002 with dissolved oxygen concentrations
anywhere in the lake less than 1 mg/L, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 15. Simulated ammonia concentrations
in the deepest part of the lake near the dam for 2002 scenarios 10b, 11b, 12b,
and 13b, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 16. Simulated ammonia concentrations
in the deepest part of the lake near the dam for 2002 base case (0) and pump-back
scenarios (14b, 15b), Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 17. Simulated ammonia concentrations
in the outflow for scenarios 0, 10, 11, 12, and 13 for 2002, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 18. Simulated ammonia concentrations
in the outflow for scenarios 0, 14, and 15 for 2002, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure 19. Annual average orthophosphate
and chlorophyll a concentrations in the outflow, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Figure A1. Several assemblies of potential
CE-QUAL-W2 outlet types.
Tables
Table 1. Scenarios showing water delivery
level, dam height, outlet type, and supplemental inflow strategy for Hagg Lake,
Oregon, 2001-02.
Table 2. Annual deliveries used in the
model scenarios for downstream water users and instream flow requirements, Hagg
Lake, Oregon.
Table 3. Whole-lake annual scenario
results for water temperature and dissolved oxygen, Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Table 4. Annual scenario results for
the outflow from Hagg Lake, Oregon.
Table 5. In-lake annual scenario results
for ammonia, orthophosphate, chlorophyll a, and blue-green algae, Hagg Lake,
Oregon.
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Send questions or comments about this report to the author, Annett
B. Sullivan, (503) 251-3260.
For more information about USGS activities in Oregon, visit the USGS
Oregon Water Science Center home page.
U.S.
Department of the Interior | U.S. Geological
Survey
