Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic survey maps and data, East Poplar oil field area, Fort Peck Indian Reservation, northeastern Montana, August 2004
Bruce D. Smith, Joanna N. Thamke, Michael J. Cain, Christa Tyrrell, Patricia L. Hill
2006, Open-File Report 2006-1216
This report is a data release for a helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic survey that was conducted during August 2004 in a 275-square-kilometer area that includes the East Poplar oil field on the Fort Peck Indian Reservation. The electromagnetic equipment consisted of six different coil-pair orientations that measured resistivity at separate...
Extirpation of freshwater mussels (Bivalvia: Unionidae) following the invasion of dreissenid mussels in an interconnecting river of the Laurentian Great Lakes
Don W. Schloesser, Janice L. Metcalfe-Smith, William P. Kovalak, Gary D. Longton, Rick D. Smithee
2006, American Midland Naturalist (155) 307-320
Previous (1992–1994) surveys for native freshwater mussels (Unionidae) along main channels of the Detroit River showed that unionids had been extirpated from all but four sites in the upper reaches of the river due to impacts of dreissenid mussels (Dreissena polymorpha and D. bugensis). These four sites were surveyed again...
Arsenic, cadmium, lead, and mercury in surface soils, Pueblo, Colorado: Implications for population health risk
D.M. Diawara, J.S. Litt, D. Unis, N. Alfonso, L.A. Martinez, J. G. Crock, D. B. Smith, J. Carsella
2006, Environmental Geochemistry and Health (28) 297-315
Decades of intensive industrial and agricultural practices as well as rapid urbanization have left communities like Pueblo, Colorado facing potential health threats from pollution of its soils, air, water and food supply. To address such concerns about environmental contamination, we conducted an urban geochemical study of the city of Pueblo...
Survey design for detecting rare freshwater mussels
D. R. Smith
2006, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (25) 701-711
A common objective when surveying freshwater mussels is to detect the presence of rare populations. In certain situations, such as when endangered or threatened species are potentially in the area of a proposed impact, the survey should be designed to ensure a high probability of detecting species presence. Linking survey...
Seeing the elephant: Importance of spatial and temporal coverage in a large-scale volunteer-based program to monitor horseshoe crabs
D. R. Smith, S.F. Michels
2006, Fisheries (31) 485-491
As in John Godfrey Saxe's poem about six blind men and an elephant, conclusions drawn from a monitoring program depend critically on where and when observations are made. We examined results from the Delaware Bay horseshoe crab (Limulus polyphemus) spawning survey to evaluate the effect of spatial and temporal coverage...
Abundance of adult horseshoe crabs (Limulus polylphemus) in Delaware Bay estimated from a bay-wide mark-recapture study
D. R. Smith, M. J. Millard, S. Eyler
2006, Fishery Bulletin (104) 456-464
Estimates of the abundance of American horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) are important to determine egg production and to manage populations for the energetic needs of shorebirds that feed on horseshoe crab eggs. In 2003, over 17,500 horseshoe crabs were tagged and released throughout Delaware Bay, and recaptured crabs came from...
Trophic transfer of trace metals: Subcellular compartmentalization in a polychaete and assimilation by a decapod crustacean
P.S. Rainbow, L. Poirier, B. D. Smith, K.V. Brix, S. N. Luoma
2006, Marine Ecology Progress Series (308) 91-100
The chemical form of accumulated trace metal in prey is important in controlling the bioavailability of dietary metal to a predator. This study investigated the trophic transfer of radiolabelled Ag, Cd and Zn from the polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor to the decapod crustacean Palaemonetes varians. We used 2 populations of worms with different...
Trophic transfer of trace metals from the polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor to the polychaete N. virens and the decapod crustacean Palaemonetes varians
P.S. Rainbow, L. Poirier, B. D. Smith, K.V. Brix, S. N. Luoma
2006, Marine Ecology Progress Series (321) 167-181
Diet is an important exposure route for the uptake of trace metals by aquatic invertebrates, with trace metal trophic transfer depending on 2 stages - assimilation and subsequent accumulation by the predator. This study investigated the trophic transfer of trace metals from the sediment-dwelling polychaete worm Nereis diversicolor from metal-rich...
The Cenozoic palaeoenvironment of the Arctic Ocean
K. Moran, J. Backman, H. Brinkhuis, S.C. Clemens, Thomas M. Cronin, G.R. Dickens, F. Eynaud, J. Gattacceca, M. Jakobsson, R.W. Jordan, M. Kaminski, J. King, N. Koc, A. Krylov, N. Martinez, J. Matthiessen, D. McInroy, T.C. Moore, J. Onodera, M. O'Regan, H. Palike, B. Rea, D. Rio, T. Sakamoto, D. C. Smith, R. Stein, John K. St, I. Suto, N. Suzuki, K. Takahashi, M. E. Watanabe, M. Yamamoto, J. Farrell, M. Frank, P. Kubik, W. Jokat, Y. Kristoffersen
2006, Nature (441) 601-605
The history of the Arctic Ocean during the Cenozoic era (0–65 million years ago) is largely unknown from direct evidence. Here we present a Cenozoic palaeoceanographic record constructed from >400 m of sediment core from a recent drilling expedition to the Lomonosov ridge in the Arctic Ocean. Our record shows a...
Subtropical Arctic Ocean temperatures during the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum
A. Sluijs, S. Schouten, M. Pagani, M. Woltering, H. Brinkhuis, J.S.S. Damste, G.R. Dickens, M. Huber, G.-J. Reichart, R. Stein, J. Matthiessen, L.J. Lourens, N. Pedentchouk, J. Backman, K. Moran, S. Clemens, T. Cronin, F. Eynaud, J. Gattacceca, M. Jakobsson, R. Jordan, M. Kaminski, J. King, N. Koc, N.C. Martinez, D. McInroy, T.C. Moore Jr., M. O'Regan, J. Onodera, H. Palike, B. Rea, D. Rio, T. Sakamoto, D. C. Smith, K.E.K. St John, I. Suto, N. Suzuki, K. Takahashi, M. E. Watanabe, M. Yamamoto
2006, Nature (441) 610-613
The Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum, ???55 million years ago, was a brief period of widespread, extreme climatic warming, that was associated with massive atmospheric greenhouse gas input. Although aspects of the resulting environmental changes are well documented at low latitudes, no data were available to quantify simultaneous changes in the Arctic...
Albatross species demonstrate regional differences in North Pacific marine contamination
M. Finkelstein, B.S. Keitt, D.A. Croll, B. Tershy, Walter M. Jarman, S. Rodriguez-Pastor, D.J. Anderson, P.R. Sievert, D. R. Smith
2006, Ecological Applications (16) 678-686
Recent concern about negative effects on human health from elevated organochlorine and mercury concentrations in marine foods has highlighted the need to understand temporal and spatial patterns of marine pollution. Seabirds, long-lived pelagic predators with wide foraging ranges, can be used as indicators of regional contaminant patterns across large temporal...
Transport of horseshoe crab eggs by waves and swash on an estuarine beach: Implications for foraging shorebirds
K.F. Nordstrom, N.L. Jackson, D. R. Smith, R.G. Weber
2006, Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science (70) 438-448
The abundance of horseshoe crab eggs in the swash zone and remaining on the beach after tide levels fall was evaluated to identify how numbers of eggs available to shorebirds differ with fluctuations in spawning numbers of horseshoe crabs, wave energies and beach elevation changes. Field data were gathered 1-6...
Geochemical landscapes of Alaska — New map presentations and interpretations for 23 elements in surficial materials
L. P. Gough, Bronwen Wang, D. B. Smith, Nils Gustavsson
2005, Professional Paper 1716
No abstract available....
Hydraulic properties of the surficial aquifer at five selected sites in the Little Contentnea Creek basin, North Carolina, 2002-03
Douglas G. Smith, Melinda J. Chapman
2005, Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5238
Major- and trace-element concentrations in soils from two continental-scale transects of the United States and Canada
David B. Smith, William F. Cannon, Laurel G. Woodruff, Robert G. Garrett, Rodney Klassen, James E. Kilburn, John D. Horton, Harley D. King, Martin B. Goldhaber, Jean Morrison
2005, Open-File Report 2005-1253
This report contains major- and trace-element concentration data for soil samples collected from 265 sites along two continental-scale transects in North America. One of the transects extends from northern Manitoba to the United States-Mexico border near El Paso, Tex. and consists of 105 sites. The other transect approximately follows the...
Helicopter electromagnetic and magnetic survey data and maps, northern Bexar County, Texas
Bruce D. Smith, Michael J. Cain, Allan K. Clark, David W. Moore, Jason R. Faith, Patricia L. Hill
2005, Open-File Report 2005-1158
New Perspectives on Ancient Mars
S.C. Solomon, O. Aharonson, J.M. Aurnou, W. B. Banerdt, Michael H. Carr, A.J. Dombard, H. V. Frey, Matthew P. Golombek, S.A. Hauck II, J.W. Head, Bruce M. Jakosky, C.L. Johnson, P.J. McGovern, G.A. Neumann, R.J. Phillips, D.E. Smith, Maria Zuber
2005, Science (307) 1214-1220
Mars was most active during its first billion years. The core, mantle, and crust formed within ∼50 million years of solar system formation. A magnetic dynamo in a convecting fluid core magnetized the crust, and the global field shielded a more massive early atmosphere against solar wind stripping. The Tharsis...
Calibrating a tensor magnetic gradiometer using spin data
Robert E. Bracken, David V. Smith, Philip J. Brown
2005, Scientific Investigations Report 2005-5045
Scalar magnetic data are often acquired to discern characteristics of geologic source materials and buried objects. It is evident that a great deal can be done with scalar data, but there are significant advantages to direct measurement of the magnetic gradient tensor in applications with nearby sources, such as unexploded...
Optimal sampling design for estimating spatial distribution and abundance of a freshwater mussel population
P.S. Pooler, D. R. Smith
2005, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (24) 525-537
We compared the ability of simple random sampling (SRS) and a variety of systematic sampling (SYS) designs to estimate abundance, quantify spatial clustering, and predict spatial distribution of freshwater mussels. Sampling simulations were conducted using data obtained from a census of freshwater mussels in a 40 X 33 m section...
Two-stage sequential sampling: A neighborhood-free adaptive sampling procedure
M. Salehi, D. R. Smith
2005, Journal of Agricultural, Biological, and Environmental Statistics (10) 84-103
Designing an efficient sampling scheme for a rare and clustered population is a challenging area of research. Adaptive cluster sampling, which has been shown to be viable for such a population, is based on sampling a neighborhood of units around a unit that meets a specified condition. However, the edge...
Comparison of sediment grain size characteristics on nourished and un-nourished estuarine beaches and impacts on horseshoe crab habitat, Delaware Bay, New Jersey
N.L. Jackson, D. R. Smith, K.F. Nordstrom
2005, Zeitschrift fur Geomorphologie, Supplementband (141) 31-45
This study was undertaken to determine whether nourished and un-nourished estuarine beaches have conspicuous differences in sediment size and sorting that could affect their value as habitat for horseshoe crabs. Comparisons are made of beach profiles and sediment samples gathered at 0.15 m and 0.30 m depths on the backshore,...
Critical shear stress for erosion of cohesive soils subjected to temperatures typical of wildfires
J. A. Moody, Smith J. Dungan, B.W. Ragan
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (110)
[1] Increased erosion is a well-known response after wildfire. To predict and to model erosion on a landscape scale requires knowledge of the critical shear stress for the initiation of motion of soil particles. As this soil property is temperature-dependent, a quantitative relation between critical shear stress and the temperatures...
Large-scale 3D subsurface conductivity imaging using full-wave forward modeling
G.L. Wang, W.C. Chew, T.J. Cui, D.L. Wright, D.V. Smith
2005, Conference Paper, IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society, AP-S International Symposium (Digest)
[No abstract available]...
Influence of waves and horseshoe crab spawning on beach morphology and sediment grain-size characteristics on a sandy estuarine beach
N.L. Jackson, K.F. Nordstrom, D. R. Smith
2005, Sedimentology (52) 1097-1108
The effects of wave action and horseshoe crab spawning on the topography and grain-size characteristics on the foreshore of an estuarine sand beach in Delaware Bay, New Jersey, USA were evaluated using data collected over six consecutive high tides. Data were gathered inside and outside a 25 m long exclosure...
Burrowing owl nesting productivity: A comparison between artificial and natural burrows on and off golf courses
M. D. Smith, Courtney J. Conway, L. A. Ellis
2005, Wildlife Society Bulletin (33) 454-462
Burrowing owl (Athene cunicularia) populations are declining in many portions of their range, and lack of suitable nesting burrows is thought to be one reason for observed declines. Burrowing owls are attracted to golf courses because the birds generally nest and forage in short-grass, open areas, yet golf courses seldom...
