Tectonic evolution of the Salton Sea inferred from seismic reflection data
D.S. Brothers, N. W. Driscoll, G.M. Kent, A.J. Harding, J.M. Babcock, R. L. Baskin
2009, Nature Geoscience (2) 581-584
Oblique extension across strike-slip faults causes subsidence and leads to the formation of pull-apart basins such as the Salton Sea in southern California. The formation of these basins has generally been studied using laboratory experiments or numerical models. Here we combine seismic reflection data and geological observations from the Salton...
Toxicity of two insecticides to California, USA, anurans and its relevance to declining amphibian populations
D. W. Sparling, G. M. Fellers
2009, Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry (28) 1696-1703
Contaminants have been associated with population declines of several amphibian species in California (USA). Pesticides from the Central Valley of California are transported by winds into the Sierra Nevada Mountains and precipitate into wet meadows where amphibians breed. The present study examined the chronic toxicity of two of the insecticides...
The changing global carbon cycle: Linking plant-soil carbon dynamics to global consequences
F. S. Chapin III, J. McFarland, David A. McGuire, E.S. Euskirchen, Roger W. Ruess, K. Kielland
2009, Journal of Ecology (97) 840-850
Most current climate-carbon cycle models that include the terrestrial carbon (C) cycle are based on a model developed 40 years ago by Woodwell & Whittaker (1968) and omit advances in biogeochemical understanding since that time. Their model treats net C emissions from ecosystems as the balance between net primary production...
VP Structure of Mount St. Helens, Washington, USA, imaged with local earthquake tomography
G.P. Waite, S.C. Moran
2009, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (182) 113-122
We present a new P-wave velocity model for Mount St. Helens using local earthquake data recorded by the Pacific Northwest Seismograph Stations and Cascades Volcano Observatory since the 18 May 1980 eruption. These data were augmented with records from a dense array of 19 temporary stations deployed during the second...
Using the Sonoran Desert test site to monitor the long-term radiometric stability of the Landsat TM/ETM+ and Terra MODIS sensors
A. Angal, X. Xiong, T. Choi, G. Chander, A. Wu
2009, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Pseudo-invariant ground targets have been extensively used to monitor the long-term radiometric calibration stability of remote sensing instruments. The NASA MODIS Characterization Support Team (MCST), in collaboration with members from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Earth Resources Observation and Science (EROS) Center, has previously demonstrated the use of pseudo-invariant ground...
Characterization of Mars' seasonal caps using neutron spectroscopy
T.H. Prettyman, W. C. Feldman, T.N. Titus
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research E: Planets (114)
Mars' seasonal caps are characterized during Mars years 26 and 27 (April 2002 to January 2006) using data acquired by the 2001 Mars Odyssey Neutron Spectrometer. Time-dependent maps of the column abundance of seasonal CO 2 surface ice poleward of 60?? latitude in both hemispheres are determined from spatially deconvolved,...
Delta lobe degradation and hurricane impacts governing large-scale coastal behavior, South-central Louisiana, USA
M.D. Miner, M.A. Kulp, D. M. FitzGerald, J. G. Flocks, H.D. Weathers
2009, Geo-Marine Letters (29) 441-453
A large deficit in the coastal sediment budget, high rates of relative sea-level rise (???0.9 cm/year), and storm-induced current and wave erosion are forcing barrier shoreface retreat along the periphery of the Mississippi River delta plain. Additionally, conversion of interior wetlands to open water has increased the bay tidal prism,...
Investigating different mechanisms for biogenic selenite transformations: Geobacter sulfurreducens, Shewanella oneidensis and Veillonella atypica
C.I. Pearce, R.A.D. Pattrick, N. Law, J.M. Charnock, V.S. Coker, J.W. Fellowes, R.S. Oremland, J.R. Lloyd
2009, Environmental Technology (30) 1313-1326
The metal-reducing bacteria Geobacter sulfurreducens, Shewanella oneidensis and Veillonella atypica, use different mechanisms to transform toxic, bioavailable sodium selenite to less toxic, non-mobile elemental selenium and then to selenide in anaerobic environments, offering the potential for in situ and ex situ bioremediation of contaminated soils, sediments, industrial effluents, and agricultural...
Relationships between nutritional condition of adult females and relative carrying capacity for rocky mountain Elk
J.R. Piasecke, Louis C. Bender
2009, Rangeland Ecology and Management (62) 145-152
Lactation can have significant costs to individual and population-level productivity because of the high energetic demands it places on dams. Because the difference in condition between lactating and dry Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) cows tends to disappear as nutritional quality rises, the magnitude of that difference could be...
U.S. Department of Energy's Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnership Program: Overview
J. Litynski, S. Plasynski, L. Spangler, R. Finley, E. Steadman, D. Ball, K.J. Nemeth, B. McPherson, L. Myer
2009, Conference Paper, Energy Procedia
The U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) has formed a nationwide network of seven regional partnerships to help determine the best approaches for capturing and permanently storing gases that can contribute to global climate change. The Regional Carbon Sequestration Partnerships (RCSPs) are tasked with determining the most suitable technologies, regulations, and...
Isoscapes to address large-scale earth science challenges
G.J. Bowen, J. B. West, B. H. Vaughn, T. E. Dawson, J.R. Ehleringer, M. L. Fogel, K. Hobson, J. Hoogewerff, C. Kendall, C.-T. Lai, C.C. Miller, D. Noone, H. Schwarcz, C.J. Still
2009, Eos, Transactions, American Geophysical Union (90) 109-110
No abstract available....
Characteristics of organic soil in black spruce forests: Implications for the application of land surface and ecosystem models in cold regions
S. Yi, K. Manies, J. Harden, A. D. McGuire
2009, Geophysical Research Letters (36)
Soil organic layers (OL) play an important role in landatmosphere exchanges of water, energy and carbon in cold environments. The proper implementation of OL in land surface and ecosystem models is important for predicting dynamic responses to climate warming. Based on the analysis of OL samples of black spruce (Picea...
Premonitory acoustic emissions and stick-slip in natural and smooth-faulted Westerly granite
B.D. Thompson, R.P. Young, David A. Lockner
2009, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (114) 1-14
A stick-slip event was induced in a cylindrical sample of Westerly granite containing a preexisting natural fault by loading at constant confining pressure of 150 MPa. Continuously recorded acoustic emission (AE) data and computer tomography (CT)-generated images of the fault plane were combined to provide a detailed examination of microscale...
The cali meteorite fell: A new H/L ordinary chondrite
J.M.T. Rodriguez, J. Llorca, A.E. Rubin, J. N. Grossman, D.W.G. Sears, M. Naranjo, S. Bretzius, M. Tapia, M.H.G. Sepulveda
2009, Meteoritics and Planetary Science (44) 211-220
The fall of the Cali meteorite took place on 6 July 2007 at 16 h 32 ?? 1 min local time (21 h 32 ?? 1 min UTC). A daylight fireball was witnessed by hundreds of people in the Cauca Valley in Colombia from which 10 meteorite samples with a...
Fish movement and habitat use depends on water body size and shape
D.A. Woolnough, J. A. Downing, T.J. Newton
2009, Ecology of Freshwater Fish (18) 83-91
Home ranges are central to understanding habitat diversity, effects of fragmentation and conservation. The distance that an organism moves yields information on life history, genetics and interactions with other organisms. Present theory suggests that home range is set by body size of individuals. Here, we analyse estimates of home ranges...
The Moon mineralogy mapper (M3) on Chandrayaan-1
C.M. Pieters, J. Boardman, B. Buratti, A. Chatterjee, R. Clark, T. Glavich, R. Green, J. Head, P. Isaacson, E. Malaret, T. McCord, J. Mustard, N. Petro, C. Runyon, M. Staid, J. Sunshine, L. Taylor, S. Tompkins, P. Varanasi, M. White
2009, Current Science (96) 500-505
The Moon Mineralogy Mapper (M3) is a NASA-supported guest instrument on ISRO's remote sensing mission to Moon, Chandrayaan-1. The M3 is an imaging spectrometer that operates from the visible into the near-infrared (0.42-3.0 ??m) where highly diagnostic mineral absorption bands occur. Over the course of the mission M3 will provide...
Urban streams across the USA: Lessons learned from studies in 9 metropolitan areas
Larry R. Brown, Thomas F. Cuffney, James F. Coles, Faith A. Fitzpatrick, Gerard McMahon, Jeffrey Steuer, Amanda H. Bell, Jason T. May
2009, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (28) 1051-1069
Studies of the effects of urbanization on stream ecosystems have usually focused on single metropolitan areas. Synthesis of the results of such studies have been useful in developing general conceptual models of the effects of urbanization, but the strength of such generalizations is enhanced by applying consistent study designs and...
Development of a local-scale urban stream assessment method using benthic macroinvertebrates: An example from the Santa Clara Basin, California
J.L. Carter, A.H. Purcell, S.V. Fend, V.H. Resh
2009, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (28) 1007-1021
Research that explores the biological response to urbanization on a site-specific scale is necessary for management of urban basins. Recent studies have proposed a method to characterize the biological response of benthic macroinvertebrates along an urban gradient for several climatic regions in the USA. Our study demonstrates how this general...
Developing consistent Landsat data sets for large area applications: the MRLC 2001 protocol
G. Chander, Chengquan Huang, Limin Yang, Collin G. Homer, C. Larson
2009, IEEE Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters (6) 777-781
One of the major efforts in large area land cover mapping over the last two decades was the completion of two U.S. National Land Cover Data sets (NLCD), developed with nominal 1992 and 2001 Landsat imagery under the auspices of the MultiResolution Land Characteristics (MRLC) Consortium. Following the successful generation...
Geotechnical properties of cemented sands in steep slopes
B.D. Collins, N. Sitar
2009, Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering (135) 1359-1366
An investigation into the geotechnical properties specific to assessing the stability of weakly and moderately cemented sand cliffs is presented. A case study from eroding coastal cliffs located in central California provides both the data and impetus for this study. Herein, weakly cemented sand is defined as having an unconfined...
Isolation and characterization of microsatellite loci for alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) and their variability in two other species (Lepisosteus oculatus and L. osseus) of Lepisosteidae
G.R. Moyer, Brian L. Sloss, B.R. Kreiser, K.A. Feldheim
2009, Molecular Ecology Resources (9) 963-966
We report on the isolation of 17 polymorphic microsatellite loci from alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula), a large-bodied species that has experienced population declines across much of its range. These loci possessed 2-19 alleles and observed heterozygosities of 0-0.974. All loci conformed to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium expectations, and none exhibited linkage disequilibrium....
Nest movement by piping plovers in response to changing habitat conditions
Mark T. Wiltermuth, Michael J. Anteau, Mark H. Sherfy, Terry L. Shaffer
2009, Condor (111) 550-555
Birds that nest along reservoir or river shorelines may face fluctuating water levels that threaten nest survival. On Lake Sakakawea of the upper Missouri River, 37 and 70% of Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) nests found in 2007 and 2008, respectively, were initiated at elevations inundated prior to projected hatch date....
Bioenergetic model estimates of interannual and spatial patterns in consumption demand and growth potential of juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) in the Gulf of Alaska
J.H. Moss, D.A. Beauchamp, A.D. Cross, E.V. Farley, J.M. Murphy, J.H. Helle, R.V. Walker, K.W. Myers
2009, Deep-Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography (56) 2553-2559
A bioenergetic model of juvenile pink salmon (Oncorhynchus gorbuscha) was used to estimate daily prey consumption and growth potential of four ocean habitats in the Gulf of Alaska during 2001 and 2002. Growth potential was not significantly higher in 2002 than in 2001 at an alpha level of 0.05 (P=0.073)....
Size distributions and failure initiation of submarine and subaerial landslides
Uri S. ten Brink, R. Barkan, B.D. Andrews, J.D. Chaytor
2009, Earth and Planetary Science Letters (287) 31-42
Landslides are often viewed together with other natural hazards, such as earthquakes and fires, as phenomena whose size distribution obeys an inverse power law. Inverse power law distributions are the result of additive avalanche processes, in which the final size cannot be predicted at the onset of the disturbance. Volume...
Further development of raccoon poxvirus-vectored vaccines against plague (Yersinia pestis)
Tonie E. Rocke, Keith P. Iams, S. Dawe, Susan Smith, Judy L. Williamson, Dennis M. Heisey, Jorge E. Osorio
2009, Vaccine (28) 338-344
In previous studies, we demonstrated protection against plague in mice and prairie dogs using a raccoon pox (RCN) virus-vectored vaccine that expressed the F1 capsular antigen of Yersinia pestis. In order to improve vaccine efficacy, we have now constructed additional RCN-plague vaccines containing two different forms of the lcrV (V)...
