Guiding principles of USGS methodology for assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources
Ronald R. Charpentier, T. R. Klett
2005, Conference Paper, Natural Resources Research
During the last 30 years, the methodology for assessment of undiscovered conventional oil and gas resources used by the Geological Survey has undergone considerable change. This evolution has been based on five major principles. First, the U.S. Geological Survey has responsibility for a wide range of U.S. and world assessments...
Ca cycling and isotopic fluxes in forested ecosystems in Hawaii
B.A. Wiegand, O.A. Chadwick, P.M. Vitousek, J. L. Wooden
2005, Geophysical Research Letters (32) 1-4
Biogeochemical processes fractionate Ca isotopes in plants and soils along a 4 million year developmental sequence in the Hawaiian Islands. We observed that plants preferentially take up 40Ca relative to 44Ca, and that biological fractionation and changes in the relative contributions from volcanic and marine sources produce a significant increase...
Landscape characteristics influence pond occupancy by frogs after accounting for detectability
M. J. Mazerolle, A. Desrochers, L. Rochefort
2005, Ecological Applications (15) 824-834
Many investigators have hypothesized that landscape attributes such as the amount and proximity of habitat are important for amphibian spatial patterns. This has produced a number of studies focusing on the effects of landscape characteristics on amphibian patterns of occurrence in patches or ponds, most of which conclude that the...
A new approach for predicting drought-related vegetation stress: Integrating satellite, climate, and biophysical data over the U.S. central plains
Tsegaye Tadesse, Jesslyn F. Brown, M.J. Hayes
2005, ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing (59) 244-253
Droughts are normal climate episodes, yet they are among the most expensive natural disasters in the world. Knowledge about the timing, severity, and pattern of droughts on the landscape can be incorporated into effective planning and decision-making. In this study, we present a data mining approach to modeling vegetation stress...
Modern pollen data from North America and Greenland for multi-scale paleoenvironmental applications
J. Whitmore, K. Gajewski, M. Sawada, J.W. Williams, B. Shuman, P. J. Bartlein, T. Minckley, A.E. Viau, T. Webb III, S. Shafer, P. Anderson, L. Brubaker
2005, Quaternary Science Reviews (24) 1828-1848
The modern pollen network in North America and Greenland is presented as a database for use in quantitative calibration studies and paleoenvironmental reconstructions. The georeferenced database includes 4634 samples from all regions of the continent and 134 pollen taxa that range from ubiquitous to regionally diagnostic taxa. Climate data and...
Effects of spinning-wing decoys on flock behavior and hunting vulnerability of mallards in Minnesota
M.L. Szymanski, A. D. Afton
2005, Wildlife Society Bulletin (33) 993-1001
Waterfowl managers in Minnesota and other states are concerned that increased kill rates associated with the use of spinning-wing decoys (SWDs) may negatively affect local breeding populations of mallards (Anas platyrhynchos). Accordingly, we conducted 219 experimental hunts to evaluate hunting vulnerability of mallards to SWDs during the 2002 duck season...
Geochemistry of speleothem records from southern Illinois: Development of (234U)/(238U) as a proxy for paleoprecipitation
Juanzuo Zhou, C.C. Lundstrom, B. Fouke, S. Panno, K. Hackley, B. Curry
2005, Chemical Geology (221) 1-20
Natural waters universally show fractionation of uranium series (U-series) parent-daughter pairs, with the disequilibrium between 234U and 238U (234U)/(238U) commonly used as a tracer of groundwater flow. Because speleothems provide a temporal record of geochemical variations in groundwater precipitating calcite, (234U)/(238U) variations in speleothems provide a unique method of investigating...
Natural attenuation software (NAS): Assessing remedial strategies and estimating timeframes
E. Mendez, M. Widdowson, F. Chapelle, C. Casey
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of the 8th International In Situ and On-Site Bioremediation Symposium
Natural Attenuation Software (NAS) is a screening tool to estimate remediation timeframes for monitored natural attenuation (MNA) and to assist in decision-making on the level of source zone treatment in conjunction with MNA using site-specific remediation objectives. Natural attenuation processes that NAS models include are advection, dispersion, sorption, non-aqueous phase...
Carbon isotopes from fossil packrat pellets and elevational movements of Utah agave plants reveal the Younger Dryas cold period in Grand Canyon, Arizona
K.L. Cole, S.T. Arundel
2005, Geology (33) 713-716
Carbon isotopes in rodent fecal pellets were measured on packrat (Neotoma spp.) middens from the Grand Canyon, Arizona. The pellet samples reflect the abundance of cold-intolerant C4 and Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant species relative to the predominant C3 vegetation in the packrat diet. The temporal sequence of isotopic results...
Diagenesis and late-stage porosity development in the Pennsylvanian Strawn Formation, Val Verde basin, Texas, U.S.A
K. David Newell, R.H. Goldstein, C. J. Burdick
2005, AAPG Memoir (48) 333-350
The Middle Pennsylvanian (Desmoinesian) Strawn Formation in the Trans-Pecos area of Texas was deposited during relative tectonic quiescence that prevailed before rapid infilling of the Val Verde Basin. It represents one of a series of backstepping carbonate ramps formed on the craton side of this foreland basin. Strawn Formation carbonate...
Habitat associations of age-0 cutthroat trout in a spring stream improved for adult salmonids
Wayne A. Hubert, M. P. Joyce
2005, Journal of Freshwater Ecology (20) 277-286
Native cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarki) in the Snake River watershed use streams formed by large springs for spawning and nursery habitat. Several spring streams have been modified to enhance abundance of adult salmonids, but the habitat associations of age-0 cutthroat trout in these systems are undescribed. We assessed the frequency...
Changes in mass and nutrient content of wood during decomposition in a south Florida mangrove forest
L.M. Romero, T. J. Smith III, J.W. Fourqurean
2005, Journal of Ecology (93) 618-631
1 Large pools of dead wood in mangrove forests following disturbances such as hurricanes may influence nutrient fluxes. We hypothesized that decomposition of wood of mangroves from Florida, USA (Avicennia germinans, Laguncularia racemosa and Rhizophora mangle), and the consequent nutrient dynamics, would depend on species, location in the forest relative...
A new reserve growth model for United States oil and gas fields
M.K. Verma
2005, Natural Resources Research (14) 77-89
Reserve (or field) growth, which is an appreciation of total ultimate reserves through time, is a well-recognized phenomenon, particularly in mature petroleum provinces. The importance of forecasting reserve growth accurately in a mature petroleum province made it necessary to develop improved growth functions, and a critical review of the original...
Adsorption equilibrium of organic vapors on single-walled carbon nanotubes
S. Agnihotri, M.J. Rood, M. Rostam-Abadi
2005, Carbon (43) 2379-2388
Gravimetric techniques were employed to determine the adsorption capacities of commercially available purified electric arc and HiPco single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) for organic compounds (toluene, methyl ethyl ketone (MEK), hexane and cyclohexane) at relative pressures, p/p0, ranging from 1 ?? 10-4 to 0.95 and at isothermal conditions of 25, 37...
Hydrologic changes in urban streams and their ecological significance
C.P. Konrad, D. B. Booth
2005, American Fisheries Society Symposium (2005) 157-177
Urban development modifies the production and delivery of runoff to streams and the resulting rate, volume, and timing of streamflow. Given that streamflow demonstrably influences the structure and composition of lotic communities, we have identified four hydrologic changes resulting from urban development that are potentially significant to stream ecosystems: increased...
Precipitation, density, and population dynamics of desert bighorn sheep on San Andres National Wildlife Refuge, New Mexico
Louis C. Bender, M.E. Weisenberger
2005, Wildlife Society Bulletin (33) 956-964
Understanding the determinants of population size and performance for desert bighorn sheep (Ovis canadensis mexicana) is critical to develop effective recovery and management strategies. In arid environments, plant communities and consequently herbivore populations are strongly dependent upon precipitation, which is highly variable seasonally and annually. We conducted a retrospective exploratory...
Habitat models to assist plant protection efforts in Shenandoah National Park, Virginia, USA
Frank T. van Manen, John A. Young, Cindy A. Thatcher, Wendy B. Cass, Chris Ulrey
2005, Natural Areas Journal (25) 339-350
During 2002, the National Park Service initiated a demonstration project to develop science-based law enforcement strategies for the protection of at-risk natural resources, including American ginseng (Panax quinquefolius L.), bloodroot (Sanguinaria canadensis L.), and black cohosh (Cimicifuga racemosa (L.) Nutt. [syn. Actaea racemosa L.]). Harvest pressure on these species is...
Effects of trapping with bait on bait-station indices to black bear abundance
L.L. Brongo, M.S. Mitchell, J.B. Grand
2005, Wildlife Society Bulletin (33) 1357-1361
Indices of relative abundance allow managers and researchers to examine changes in population size over time or compare relative population sizes in different areas. In the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary, bait-station surveys were conducted in most years from 1983 to 2000 to follow trends over time in the black bear (Ursus...
Impacts of petroleum production on ground and surface waters: Results from the Osage-Skiatook Petroleum Environmental Research A site, Osage County Oklahoma
Y.K. Kharaka, J.J. Thordsen, E. Kakouros, W.N. Herkelrath
2005, Environmental Geosciences (12) 127-138
Kharaka has been a research hydrogeochemist with the U.S. Geological Survey since1975. His current research covers the fields of water-rock-gas interactions, CO2 sequestration, contamination from agricultural drainage and petroleum produced water, and fluid-fault interactions. Kharaka has authored more than 100 scientific papers and book chapters and has delivered about...
Aqueous exposure to Aroclor 1254 modulates the mitogenic response of Atlantic salmon anterior kidney T-cells: Indications of short- and long-term immunomodulation
L. R. Iwanowicz, D.T. Lerner, V. S. Blazer, S. D. McCormick
2005, Aquatic Toxicology (72) 305-314
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exist as persistent organic pollutants in numerous river systems in the United States. Unfortunately, some of these rivers are sites of active Atlantic salmon restoration programs, and polychlorinated biphenyls have been implicated as ancillary factors contributing to failed salmon restoration. Here, we investigate the immediate and chronic...
Diel behavior of iron and other heavy metals in a mountain stream with acidic to neutral pH: Fisher Creek, Montana, USA
C.H. Gammons, D. A. Nimick, S.R. Parker, T.E. Cleasby, R. Blaine McCleskey
2005, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta (69) 2505-2516
Three simultaneous 24-h samplings at three sites over a downstream pH gradient were conducted to examine diel fluctuations in heavy metal concentrations in Fisher Creek, a small mountain stream draining abandoned mine lands in Montana. Average pH values at the upstream (F1), middle (F2),...
Colorado Late Cenozoic Fault and Fold Database and Internet Map Server: User-friendly technology for complex information
K.S. Morgan, G.J. Pattyn, M.L. Morgan
2005, Environmental & Engineering Geoscience (11) 155-162
Internet mapping applications for geologic data allow simultaneous data delivery and collection, enabling quick data modification while efficiently supplying the end user with information. Utilizing Web-based technologies, the Colorado Geological Survey's Colorado Late Cenozoic Fault and Fold Database was transformed from a monothematic, nonspatial Microsoft Access database into a complex...
Sensitivity analysis of conservative and reactive stream transient storage models applied to field data from multiple-reach experiments
M.N. Gooseff, K.E. Bencala, D.T. Scott, R.L. Runkel, Diane M. McKnight
2005, Advances in Water Resources (28) 479-492
The transient storage model (TSM) has been widely used in studies of stream solute transport and fate, with an increasing emphasis on reactive solute transport. In this study we perform sensitivity analyses of a conservative TSM and two different reactive solute transport models...
A potential new energy pathway in Central Lake Erie: The round goby connection
T.B. Johnson, D.B. Bunnell, C.T. Knight
2005, Journal of Great Lakes Research (31) 238-251
Round gobies, invasive fish that entered Lake Erie in 1994, are altering energy, contaminant, and nutrient pathways. Our objective was to quantify how they alter energy pathways in the central basin of Lake Erie by describing their diet and identifying the degree to which predatory fish feed upon round gobies....
Zooplankton size selection relative to gill raker spacing in rainbow trout
P. Budy, T. Haddix, R. Schneidervin
2005, Transactions of the American Fisheries Society (134) 1228-1235
Rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss are one of the most widely stocked salmonids worldwide, often based on the assumption that they will effectively utilize abundant invertebrate food resources. We evaluated the potential for feeding morphology to affect prey selection by rainbow trout using a combination of laboratory feeding experiments and field...
