Short human occupations in the Middle Palaeolithic level i of the Abric Romani rock-shelter (Capellades, Barcelona, Spain)
J. Vallerdu, E. Allue, J. L. Bischoff, I. Caceres, E. Carbonell, A. Cebria, D. Garcia-Anton, R. Huguet, N. Ibanez, K. Martinez, I. Pasto, J. Rosell, P. Saladie, Manola Vaquero
2005, Journal of Human Evolution (48) 157-174
This paper presents a multidisciplinary study on the size of the occupied surfaces, provisioning strategies and behaviour planning at the Romani rock-shelter, using the Middle Palaeolithic record of the level i. This level is dated around 46.000 BP through U/Th ages. A behavioural interpretation is proposed, which emphasises the...
A physical model for strain accumulation in the San Francisco Bay Region
F. F. Pollitz, M. Nyst
2005, Geophysical Journal International (160) 302-317
Strain accumulation in tectonically active regions is generally a superposition of the effects of background tectonic loading, steady-state dislocation processes, such as creep, and transient deformation. In the San Francisco Bay region (SFBR), the most uncertain of these processes is transient deformation, which arises primarily in association with large earthquakes....
A spatial model of potential jaguar habitat in Arizona
J.R. Hatten, A. Averill-Murray, W.E. van Pelt
2005, Journal of Wildlife Management (69) 1024-1033
The jaguar (Panthera onca) is an endangered species that occasionally visits the southwestern United States from Mexico. The number of jaguar sightings per decade has declined over the last 100 years in Arizona, USA, raising conservation concerns for the species at a local and national level. In 1997, state, federal,...
DUCKS: Low cost thermal monitoring units for near-vent deployment
A. Harris, D. Pirie, K. Horton, H. Garbeil, E. Pilger, H. Ramm, R. Hoblitt, C. Thornber, M. Ripepe, E. Marchetti, P. Poggi
2005, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (143) 335-360
During 1999 we designed and tested a thermal monitoring system to provide a cheap, robust, modular, real-time system capable of surviving the hostile conditions encountered proximal to active volcanic vents. In November 2000 the first system was deployed at Pu'u...
Evolving force balance at Columbia Glacier, Alaska, during its rapid retreat
Shad O’Neel, W.T. Pfeffer, R. Krimmel, M. Meier
2005, Journal of Geophysical Research F: Earth Surface (110)
Changes in driving and resistive stresses play an essential role in governing the buoyancy forces that are important controls on the speed and irreversibility of tidewater glacier retreats. We describe changes in geometry, velocity, and strain rate and present a top-down force balance analysis performed over the lower reach of...
A universal surface complexation framework for modeling proton binding onto bacterial surfaces in geologic settings
D. Borrok, B.F. Turner, J.B. Fein
2005, American Journal of Science (305) 826-853
Adsorption onto bacterial cell walls can significantly affect the speciation and mobility of aqueous metal cations in many geologic settings. However, a unified thermodynamic framework for describing bacterial adsorption reactions does not exist. This problem originates from the numerous approaches that have been chosen for modeling bacterial surface protonation reactions....
Strong effects of predation by fishes on an invasive macroinvertebrate in a large floodplain river
Michelle R. Bartsch, Lynn Bartsch, Steve Gutreuter
2005, Journal of the North American Benthological Society (24) 168-177
We assessed the effects of fish predation on zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) in Navigation Pool 8 of the Upper Mississippi River from 13 May to 5 October, 1998. Concrete-block samplers were deployed at 18 randomly chosen sites in the main-channel border, with 6 sites in the upper, middle, and lower...
The controlling effect of viscous dissipation on magma flow in silicic conduits
L.G. Mastin
2005, Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research (143) 17-28
Nearly all volcanic conduit models assume that flow is Newtonian and isothermal. Such models predict that, during high-flux silicic eruptions, gradients in pressure with depth increase upward as magma accelerates and becomes more viscous, leading to extremely low pressure and fragmentation at a depth of kilometers below the surface. In...
Chaparral fuel modification: what do we know --- and need to know?
Jon E. Keeley
2005, Fire Management Today (65) 11-12
Improving removal-based estimates of abundance by sampling a population of spatially distinct subpopulations
R.M. Dorazio, H.L. Jelks, F. Jordan
2005, Biometrics (61) 1093-1101
A statistical modeling framework is described for estimating the abundances of spatially distinct subpopulations of animals surveyed using removal sampling. To illustrate this framework, hierarchical models are developed using the Poisson and negative-binomial distributions to model variation in abundance among subpopulations and using the beta distribution to model variation in...
Effects of suburban development on runoff generation in the Croton River basin, New York, USA
Douglas A. Burns, T. Vitvar, J. McDonnell, J. Hassett, J. Duncan, Carol Kendall
2005, Journal of Hydrology (311) 266-281
The effects of impervious area, septic leach-field effluent, and a riparian wetland on runoff generation were studied in three small (0.38–0.56 km2) headwater catchments that represent a range of suburban development (high density residential, medium density residential, and undeveloped) within the Croton River basin, 70 km north of New York City. Precipitation, stream...
Transmission of atmospherically derived trace elements through an undeveloped, forested Maryland watershed
J.R. Scudlark, Karen C. Rice, Kathryn M. Conko, Owen P. Bricker, T.M. Church
2005, Water, Air, & Soil Pollution (163) 53-79
The transmission of atmospherically derived trace elements (Al, As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, Se, and Zn) was evaluated in a small, undeveloped, forested watershed located in north-central Maryland. Atmospheric input was determined for wet-only and vegetative throughfall components. Annual throughfall fluxes were significantly enriched over incident...
Modelling habitat associations with fingernail clam (Family: Sphaeriidae) counts at multiple spatial scales using hierarchical count models
Brian R. Gray, Roger J. Haro, James T. Rogala, Jennifer S. Sauer
2005, Freshwater Biology (50) 715-729
1. Macroinvertebrate count data often exhibit nested or hierarchical structure. Examples include multiple measurements along each of a set of streams, and multiple synoptic measurements from each of a set of ponds. With data exhibiting hierarchical structure, outcomes at both sampling (e.g. within stream) and aggregated (e.g. stream) scales are...
Fire and the Miocene expansion of C4 grasslands
Jon E. Keeley, Philip W. Rundel
2005, Ecology Letters (8) 683-690
C4 photosynthesis had a mid-Tertiary origin that was tied to declining atmospheric CO2, but C4-dominated grasslands did not appear until late Tertiary. According to the ‘CO2-threshold’ model, these C4 grasslands owe their origin to a further late Miocene decline in CO2 that gave C4 grasses a photosynthetic advantage. This model is most appropriate for...
Evidence and implications of recent climate change in Northern Alaska and other Arctic regions
L. D. Hinzman, N.D. Bettez, W.R. Bolton, F.S. Chapin, M.B. Dyurgerov, C.L. Fastie, B. Griffith, R.D. Hollister, Allen Hope, H.P. Huntington, A.M. Jensen, G.J. Jia, T. Jorgenson, D.L. Kane, D.R. Klein, G. Kofinas, A.H. Lynch, A.H. Lloyd, A. D. McGuire, Frederick E. Nelson, W.C. Oechel, T.E. Osterkamp, C.H. Racine, V.E. Romanovsky, R. S. Stone, D.A. Stow, M. Sturm, C.E. Tweedie, G.L. Vourlitis, M.D. Walker, D.A. Walker, P.J. Webber, J.M. Welker, K.S. Winker, K. Yoshikawa
2005, Climatic Change (72) 251-298
The Arctic climate is changing. Permafrost is warming, hydrological processes are changing and biological and social systems are also evolving in response to these changing conditions. Knowing how the structure and function of arctic terrestrial ecosystems are responding to recent and persistent climate change is paramount to understanding the future...
A comparative analysis of the Global Land Cover 2000 and MODIS land cover data sets
S. Giri, Z. Zhu, B. Reed
2005, Remote Sensing of Environment (94) 123-132
Accurate and up-to-date global land cover data sets are necessary for various global change research studies including climate change, biodiversity conservation, ecosystem assessment, and environmental modeling. In recent years, substantial advancement has been achieved in generating such data products. Yet, we are far from producing geospatially consistent high-quality data at...
Tilt recorded by a portable broadband seismograph: The 2003 eruption of Anatahan Volcano, Mariana Islands
D.A. Wiens, S.H. Pozgay, P.J. Shore, A.W. Sauter, R.A. White
2005, Geophysical Research Letters (32) 1-4
The horizontal components of broadband seismographs are highly sensitive to tilt, suggesting that commonly deployed portable broadband seismic sensors may record important tilt information associated with volcanic eruptions. We report on a tilt episode that coincides with the first historical eruption of Anatahan volcano on May 10, 2003. The tilt...
Effects of trapping with bait on bait-station indices to black bear abundance
L.L. Brongo, M.S. Mitchell, J.B. Grand
2005, Wildlife Society Bulletin (33) 1357-1361
Indices of relative abundance allow managers and researchers to examine changes in population size over time or compare relative population sizes in different areas. In the Pisgah Bear Sanctuary, bait-station surveys were conducted in most years from 1983 to 2000 to follow trends over time in the black bear (Ursus...
Southern marl prairies conceptual ecological model
S.M. Davis, W.F. Loftus, E.E. Gaiser, A.E. Huffman
2005, Wetlands (25) 821-831
About 190,000 ha of higher-elevation marl prairies flank either side of Shark River Slough in the southern Everglades. Water levels typically drop below the ground surface each year in this landscape. Consequently, peat soil accretion is inhibited, and substrates consist either of calcitic marl produced by algal periphyton mats or...
Factors affecting settling, survival, and viability of black bears reintroduced to Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge, Arkansas
B.J. Wear, R. Eastridge, J. D. Clark
2005, Wildlife Society Bulletin (33) 1363-1374
We used radiotelemetry and population modeling techniques to examine factors related to population establishment of black bears (Ursus americanus) reintroduced to Felsenthal National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Arkansas. Our objectives were to determine whether settling (i.e., establishment of a home range at or near the release site), survival, recruitment, and population...
Disturbance of eelgrass Zostera marina by commercial mussel Mytilus edulis harvesting in Maine: Dragging impacts and habitat recovery
Hilary A. Neckles, Frederick T. Short, Seth Barker, Blaine S. Kopp
2005, Marine Ecology Progress Series (285) 57-73
We studied the effects of commercial harvest of blue mussels Mytilus edulis on eelgrass Zostera marina L. in Maquoit Bay, Maine, USA, at a hierarchy of scales. We used aerial photography, underwater video, and eelgrass population- and shoot-based measurements to quantify dragging impacts within 4 sites that had been disturbed at different times over...
Constraints on fault slip rates of the southern California plate boundary from GPS velocity and stress inversions
T.W. Becker, J.L. Hardebeck, G. Anderson
2005, Geophysical Journal International (160) 634-650
We use Global Positioning System (GPS) velocities and stress orientations inferred from seismicity to invert for the distribution of slip on faults in the southern California plate-boundary region. Of particular interest is how long-term slip rates are partitioned between the Indio segment of the San Andreas fault (SAF), the San...
Efficacy of formalin and hydrogen peroxide to increase survival of channel catfish infected with saprolegniasis
Jeff J. Rach, Theresa M. Schreier, Mark P. Gaikowski, Susan M. Schleis
2005, North American Journal of Aquaculture (67) 312-318
The efficacy of formalin and hydrogen peroxide to increase survival associated with external saprolegniasis on fingerlings of channel catfish Ictalurus punctatus was evaluated in four laboratory trials. Fungal epizootics were initiated according to procedures developed in a fungal-disease model. Fish were abraded with a dremel tool and then placed in an aerated...
Outgassing models for Landsat-4 thematic mapper short wave infrared bands
E. Micijevic, D. L. Helder
Butler J.J., editor(s)
2005, Conference Paper, Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
Detector responses to the Internal Calibrator (IC) pulses in the Landsat-4 Thematic Mapper (TM) have been observed to follow an oscillatory behavior. This phenomenon is present only in the Short Wave Infrared (SWIR) bands and has been observed throughout the lifetime of the instrument, which was launched in July 1982...
Summary of dimensionless Texas hyetographs and distribution of storm depth developed for Texas Department of Transportation research project 0–4194
William H. Asquith, Meghan C. Roussel, David B. Thompson, Theodore G. Cleveland, Xing Fang
2005, Report
Hyetographs and storm depth distributions are important elements of hydraulic design by Texas Department of Transportation engineers. Design hyetographs are used in conjunction with unit hydrographs to obtain peak discharge and hydrograph shape for hydraulic design. Storm-depth distributions can be used to assess the probability of a total rainfall depth...
