Less waste corn, more land in soybeans, and the switch to genetically modified crops: Trends with important implications to wildlife management
Gary L. Krapu, D.A. Brandt, R. R. Cox Jr.
2004, Wildlife Society Bulletin (32) 127-136
American agriculture has provided abundant high-energy foods for migratory and resident wildlife populations since the onset of modern wildlife management. Responding to anecdotal evidence that corn residues are declining in cropland, we remeasured waste corn postharvest in the Central Platte River Valley (CPRV) of Nebraska during 1997 and 1998 to...
Relationships between bald eagle productivity and dynamics of fish populations and fisheries in the Wisconsin waters of Lake Superior, 1983-1999
Michael H. Hoff, Michael W. Meyer, Julie Van Stappen, Thomas W. Fratt
2004, Journal of Great Lakes Research (30) 434-442
Bald eagle (Haliaeetus leucocephalus) abundance declined in the 1950s and 1960s along the Wisconsin waters of Lake Superior, and were nearly absent along Wisconsin's Lake Superior shoreline. The population began to increase again between 1980 and 1983, and since then bald eagles nesting on islands along Wisconsin's Lake Superior shoreline...
A hierarchical spatial model of avian abundance with application to Cerulean Warblers
Wayne E. Thogmartin, John R. Sauer, Melinda G. Knutson
2004, Ecological Applications (14) 1766-1779
Surveys collecting count data are the primary means by which abundance is indexed for birds. These counts are confounded, however, by nuisance effects including observer effects and spatial correlation between counts. Current methods poorly accommodate both observer and spatial effects because modeling these spatially autocorrelated counts within a hierarchical framework...
Modeling chinook salmon with SALMOD on the Sacramento River, California
J.M. Bartholow
2004, Hydroécologie Appliquée (14) 193-219
Four races of Pacific salmon crowd the Sacramento River below a large reservoir that prevents access to historical spawning grounds. Each race is keyed to spawn at specific times through the year. A salmon population model was used to estimate: (1) the effects that unique run timing, interacting with seasonal...
Mixing physical habitat and streamflow time series analysis
R.T. Milhous
2004, Hydroécologie Appliquée (14) 69-91
Four observations from two case studies are presented: physical habitat analysis of the Virgin River in southwestern Utah and upper Animas Basin in southwestern Colorado. The Virgin River is usually considered a sand bed river. Cross-sectional measurements, made at three streamflows, show there was considerable change in the channel between...
Estimating survival probabilities of unmarked dependent young when detection is imperfect
P.M. Lukacs, V.J. Dreitz, F.L. Knopf, K.P. Burnham
2004, The Condor (106) 926-931
We present a capture–recapture modeling approach to the estimation of survival probability of dependent chicks when only the attending adult bird is marked. The model requires that the bird's nest is found prior to hatching and that the number of eggs that hatch are counted. Subsequent data are sightings of...
Scanning electron microscopy investigations of laboratory-grown gas clathrate hydrates formed from melting ice, and comparison to natural hydrates
L.A. Stern, S. H. Kirby, S. Circone, W.B. Durham
2004, American Mineralogist (89) 1162-1175
Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to investigate grain texture and pore structure development within various compositions of pure sI and sII gas hydrates synthesized in the laboratory, as well as in natural samples retrieved from marine (Gulf of Mexico) and permafrost (NW Canada) settings. Several samples of methane hydrate...
Cervid forage utilization in noncommercially thinned ponderosa pine forests
M.C. Gibbs, J.A. Jenks, C.S. Deperno, B.F. Sowell, Kurt J. Jenkins
2004, Journal of Range Management (57) 435-441
To evaluate effects of noncommercial thinning, utilization of forages consumed by elk (Cervus elaphus L.), mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus Raf.), and white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus Raf.) was measured in ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa P. & C. Lawson) stands in Custer State Park, S. D. Treatments consisted of unthinned (control; 22...
A general model for the analysis of mark-resight, mark-recapture, and band-recovery data under tag loss
Paul B. Conn, William L. Kendall, Michael D. Samuel
2004, Biometrics (60) 900-909
Estimates of waterfowl demographic parameters often come from resighting studies where birds fit with individually identifiable neck collars are resighted at a distance. Concerns have been raised about the effects of collar loss on parameter estimates, and the reliability of extrapolating from collared individuals to the population. Models previously proposed...
Trophic transfer efficiency of DDT to lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) from their prey
C.P. Madenjian, D.V. O’Connor
2004, Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology (72) 1219-1225
The objective of our study was to determine the efficiency with which lake trout retain DDT from their natural food. Our estimate of DDT assimilation efficiency would represent the most realistic estimate, to date, for use in risk assessment models....
Modeling the population dynamics of Culex quinquefasciatus (Diptera: Culcidae), along an elevational gradient in Hawaii
Jorge A. Ahumada, Dennis LaPointe, Michael D. Samuel
2004, Journal of Medical Entomology (41) 1157-1170
We present a population model to understand the effects of temperature and rainfall on the population dynamics of the southern house mosquito, Culex quinquefasciatus Say, along an elevational gradient in Hawaii. We use a novel approach to model the effects of temperature on population growth by dynamically incorporating developmental rate into the...
Simulating the dynamics of linear forests in Great Plains agroecosystems under changing climates
Q. Guo, J.R. Brandle, M.M. Schoeneberger, D. Buettner
2004, Canadian Journal of Forest Research (34) 2564-2572
Most forest growth models are not suitable for the highly fragmented, linear (or linearly shaped) forests in the Great Plains agroecosystems (e.g., windbreaks, riparian forest buffers) where such forests are a minor but ecologically important component of the land mosaics. This study used SEEDSCAPE, a recently modified gap model designed...
Estimating stage-specific daily survival probabilities of nests when nest age is unknown
T.R. Stanley
2004, The Auk (121) 134-147
Estimation of daily survival probabilities of nests is common in studies of avian populations. Since the introduction of Mayfield's (1961, 1975) estimator, numerous models have been developed to relax Mayfield's assumptions and account for biologically important sources of variation. <a...
The effectiveness of a barrier wall and underpasses in reducing wildlife mortality on a heavily traveled highway in Florida
C.K. Dodd Jr., W.J. Barichivich, L. L. Smith
2004, Biological Conservation (118) 619-631
Because of high numbers of animals killed on Paynes Prairie State Preserve, Alachua County, Florida, the Florida Department of Transportation constructed a barrier wall-culvert system to reduce wildlife mortality yet allow for passage of some animals across the highway. During a one year study following construction, we counted only 158...
Correlative weighted stacking for seismic data in the wavelet domain
S. Zhang, Y. Xu, J. Xia
Chen C.Xia J., editor(s)
2004, Conference Paper, Progress in Environmental and Engineering Geophysics: Proceedings of the International Conference on Environmental and Engineering Geophysics, ICEEG 2004
Horizontal stacking plays a crucial role for modern seismic data processing, for it not only compresses random noise and multiple reflections, but also provides a foundational data for subsequent migration and inversion. However, a number of examples showed that random noise in adjacent traces exhibits correlation and coherence. The average...
Biotic and abiotic factors related to lake herring recruitment in the Wisconsin waters of Lake Superior, 1984-1998
Michael H. Hoff
2004, Journal of Great Lakes Research (30) 423-433
Lake Superior lake herring (Coregonus artedi) recruitment to 13-14 months of age in the Wisconsin waters of Lake Superior varied by a factor of 5,233 during 1984-1998. Management agencies have sought models that accurately predict recruitment, but no satisfactory model had previously been developed. Lake herring recruitment was modeled to...
When should Mayfield model data be discarded?
T.R. Stanley
2004, The Wilson Bulletin (116) 267-269
Much confusion exists over the proper way to handle nest-fate data collected after the fledge date when using the Mayfield method. I provide a simple numerical example showing how use of these data can bias estimates of daily survival probability, and present a likelihood function demonstrating that nest-fate data collected...
Influence of habitat heterogeneity on the distribution of larval Pacific lamprey (Lampetra tridentata) at two spatial scales
Christian E. Torgersen, David A. Close
2004, Freshwater Biology (49) 614-630
1. Spatial patterns in channel morphology and substratum composition at small (1–10 metres) and large scales (1–10 kilometres) were analysed to determine the influence of habitat heterogeneity on the distribution and abundance of larval lamprey.2. We used a nested sampling design and multiple logistic regression to evaluate spatial heterogeneity in the abundance...
Bog iron formation in the Nassawango Creek watershed, Maryland, USA
O.P. Bricker, Wayne L. Newell, N.S. Simon
Martin-Duque J.F.Brebbia C.A.Godfrey A.E.Diaz de Teran J.R., editor(s)
2004, Conference Paper, Geo-Environment: Monitoring and Remedation of the Geological Environment
The Nassawango bog ores in the modern environment for surficial geochemical processes were studied. The formation of Nassawango bog ores was suggested to be due to inorganic oxidation when groundwater rich in ferrous iron emerges into the oxic, surficial environment. It was suggested that the process, providing a phosphorus sink,...
Diminishing sea ice in the western Arctic Ocean
R. S. Stone, G. I. Belchansky, Sheldon Drobot, David C. Douglas
D.H. Levinson, A.M. Waple, editor(s)
2004, Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society (85) S32-S33
Since the advent of satellite passive microwave radiometry (1978), variations in sea ice extent and concentration have been carefully monitored from space. An estimated 7.4% decrease in sea ice extent has occurred in the last 25 yr (Johannessen et al. 2004), with recent record minima (e.g., Maslanik et al. 1999;...
Hydrologic processes in deep vadose zones in interdrainage arid environments
Michelle Ann Walvoord, Bridget R. Scanlon
James F. Hogan, Fred M. Phillips, Bridget R. Scanlon, editor(s)
2004, Book chapter, Groundwater recharge in a desert environment: The southwestern United States (Water Science and Application, no. 9)
A unifying theory for the hydrology of desert vadose zones is particularly timely considering the rising population and water stresses in arid and semiarid regions. Conventional models cannot reconcile the apparent discrepancy between upward flow indicated by hydraulic gradient data and downward flow suggested by environmental tracer data in deep...
Sustaining salmonid populations: A caring understanding of naturalness of taxa
Jennifer L. Nielsen, Henry A. Regier
E. Eric Knudsen, editor(s)
2004, Conference Paper, Sustainable management of North American fisheries: American Fisheries Society Symposium 43
Species of the family of Salmonidae occur naturally in Northern Hemisphere waters that remain clear and cool to cold in summer. For purposes of reproduction, salmonids generally behaviorally respond to the currents of streams and lakes in recently glaciated areas. For feeding and maturation, many larger species migrate into existing...
Paleomagnetism and 40Ar/39Ar ages from volcanics extruded during the Matuyama and Brunhes Chrons near McMurdo Sound, Antarctica
L. Tauxe, Philip B. Gans, Edward A. Mankinen
2004, Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems (5) 1-20
Maps of virtual geomagnetic poles derived from international geomagnetic reference field models show large lobes with significant departures from the spin axis. These lobes persist in field models for the last few millenia. The anomalous lobes are associated with observation sites at extreme southerly latitudes. To determine whether these features...
Chapter 8 Petrogenesis and mineralogic residence of selected elements in the meade peak phosphatic shale member of the permian phosphoria formation, Southeast Idaho
Richard I. Grauch, George A. Desborough, Gregory P. Meeker, A. L. Foster, Russell G. Tysdal, J. R. Herring, Heather A. Lowers, B. A. Ball, Robert A. Zielinski, E. A. Johnson
2004, Book chapter, Handbook of exploration and environmental geochemistry, Vol. 8
The Meade Peak Phosphatic Shale Member of the Permian Phosphoria Formation hosts the ore mined by the phosphate industry of southeast Idaho. It also hosts environmentally sensitive elements (ESE) such as Se, As, Hg, Ni, Cd, Zn, and Cr. Primary chemistry, elemental distribution patterns, and mineralogy within the Meade...
Modeling demographic performance of northern spotted owls relative to forest habitat in Oregon
Gail S. Olson, Elizabeth M. Glenn, Robert G. Anthony, Eric D. Forsman, Janice A. Reid, Peter J. Loschl, William J. Ripple
2004, Journal of Wildlife Management (68) 1039-1053
Northern spotted owls (Strix occidentalis caurina) are known to be associated with late-successional forests in the Pacific Northwest of the United States, but the effects of habitat on their demographic performance are relatively unknown. We developed statistical models relating owl survival and productivity to forest cover types within the Roseburg...
