Dynamics of pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum) recruitment potential in relation to salinity and temperature in Florida Bay
Joan A. Browder, Z. Zein-Eldin, Maria M. Criales, M. B. Robblee, S. Wong, Thomas L. Jackson, D. Johnson
2002, Estuaries (25) 1355-1371
Progress is reported in relating upstream water management and freshwater flow to Florida Bay to a valuable commercial fishery for pink shrimp (Farfantepenaeus duorarum), which has major nursery grounds in Florida Bay. Changes in freshwater inflow are expected to affect salinity patterns in the bay, so the effect of salinity...
Constructing event trees for volcanic crises
C. Newhall, R. Hoblitt
2002, Bulletin of Volcanology (64) 3-20
Event trees are useful frameworks for discussing probabilities of possible outcomes of volcanic unrest. Each branch of the tree leads from a necessary prior event to a more specific outcome, e.g., from an eruption to a pyroclastic flow. Where volcanic processes are poorly understood, probability estimates might be purely empirical...
Field estimate of net trophic transfer efficiency of PCBs to Lake Michigan chinook salmon from their prey
Charles P. Madenjian, Daniel V. O’Connor, Donald J. Stewart, Michael A. Miller, Robert G. Masnado
2002, Environmental Science & Technology (36) 5029-5033
Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) has been the predominant piscivore in Lakes Michigan, Huron, and Ontario since the 1970s, and therefore accurate quantification of its energy budget is needed for effective management of Great Lakes fisheries. A new approach of evaluating a fish bioenergetics model in the field involves field estimation...
Population dynamics of tule elk at point Reyes National Seashore, California
J. A. Howell, G. C. Brooks, M. Semenoff-Irving, C. Greene
2002, Journal of Wildlife Management (66) 478-490
The presence of locally abundant wildlife raises questions about natural regulation and ecological consequences of overpopulation. We sought to establish precise information about population size, structure, and productivity to examine the role of natural regulation in a closed tule elk (Cervus elaphus nannodes) population at Point Reyes National Seashore, California,...
Asymptotic approximations to posterior distributions via conditional moment equations
J.L. Yee, W.O. Johnson, F.J. Samaniego
2002, Biometrika (89) 755-767
We consider asymptotic approximations to joint posterior distributions in situations where the full conditional distributions referred to in Gibbs sampling are asymptotically normal. Our development focuses on problems where data augmentation facilitates simpler calculations, but results hold more generally. Asymptotic mean vectors are obtained as simultaneous solutions to fixed point...
Seismic-reflection profiles of the central part of the Clarendon-Linden fault system of western New York in relation to regional seismicity
R.H. Fakundiny, P.W. Pomeroy
2002, Tectonophysics (353) 173-213
Geological and geophysical research in upstate New York, with few exceptions, has not definitively associated seismicity with specific Proterozoic basement or Paleozoic bedrock structures. The central part of the Clarendon-Linden fault system (CLFS) between Batavia and Dale, NY is one of those exceptions where seismicity has been studied and has...
Topographic stress perturbations in southern Davis Mountains, west Texas 1. Polarity reversal of principal stresses
W. Z. Savage, R. H. Morin
2002, Journal of Geophysical Research B: Solid Earth (107) ETG 5-1-ETC 5-15
We have applied a previously developed analytical stress model to interpret subsurface stress conditions inferred from acoustic televiewer logs obtained in two municipal water wells located in a valley in the southern Davis Mountains near Alpine, Texas. The appearance of stress-induced breakouts with orientations that shift by 90° at two...
Model Performance of Water-Current Meters
J.M. Fulford
Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B.Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper, Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods
The measurement of discharge in natural streams requires hydrographers to use accurate water-current meters that have consistent performance among meters of the same model. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the performance of four models of current meters - Price type-AA, Price pygmy, Marsh McBirney 2000 and...
Hydrogeologic processes in saline systems: Playas, sabkhas, and saline lakes
Y. Yechieli, W.W. Wood
2002, Earth-Science Reviews (58) 343-365
Pans, playas, sabkhas, salinas, saline lakes, and salt flats are hydrologically similar, varying only in their boundary conditions. Thus, in evaluating geochemical processes in these systems, a generic water and solute mass-balance approach can be utilized. A conceptual model of a coastal sabkha near the Arabian Gulf is used as...
Preliminary cellular-automata forecast of permit activity from 1998 to 2010, Idaho and Western Montana
G. L. Raines, M. L. Zientek, J. D. Causey, D. E. Boleneus
2002, Natural Resources Research (11) 167-180
For public land management in Idaho and western Montana, the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) has requested that the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) predict where mineral-related activity will occur in the next decade. Cellular automata provide an approach to simulation of this human activity. Cellular automata (CA) are defined by an...
Statistical characteristics of xenoliths in the Antioch kimberlite pipe, Marshall County, northeastern Kansas
S. Kotov, Pieter Berendsen
2002, Natural Resources Research (11) 289-297
Geometrical characteristics of xenoliths in the Antioch kimberlite pipe have been considered in statistical terms. A method of conversion of 2D intersections to 3D dimensions was used. It has been shown that the Rosin-Rammler distribution of mass leads to the Weibull distribution of sizes, whereas a fractal distribution of sizes...
The central arctic caribou herd
Raymond D. Cameron, Walter T. Smith, Robert G. White, Brad Griffith
David C. Douglas, Patricia E. Reynolds, E. B. Rhode, editor(s)
2002, Biological Science Report 2002-0001-4
From the mid-1970s through the mid-1980s, use of calving and summer habitats by Central Arctic herd caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) declined near petroleum development infrastructure on Alaska's arctic coastal plain (Cameron et al. 1979; Cameron and Whitten 1980, Smith and Cameron 1983. Whitten and Cameron 1983a, 1985: Dau and Cameron...
Quantifying flow-dependent changes in subyearling fall chinook salmon rearing habitat using two-dimensional spatially explicit modeling
K.F. Tiffan, R.D. Garland, D.W. Rondorf
2002, North American Journal of Fisheries Management (22) 713-726
We used an analysis based on a geographic information system (GIS) to determine the amount of rearing habitat and stranding area for subyearling fall chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha in the Hanford Reach of the Columbia River at steady-state flows ranging from 1,416 to 11,328 m3/s. High-resolution river channel bathymetry was...
Global significance of a sub-Moho boundary layer (SMBL) deduced from high-resolution seismic observations
K. Fuchs, M. Tittgemeyer, T. Ryberg, F. Wenzel, Walter D. Mooney
2002, International Geology Review (44) 671-685
We infer the fine structure of a sub-Moho boundary layer (SMBL) at the top of the lithospheric mantle from high-resolution seismic observations of Peaceful Nuclear Explosions (PNE) on superlong-range profiles in Russia. Densely recorded seismograms permit recognition of previously unknown features of teleseismic propagation of the well known Pn and...
Migration and habitats of diadromous Danube River sturgeons in Romania: 1998-2000
B. Kynard, R. Suciu, Martin Horgan
2002, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (18) 529-535
Upstream migrant adults of stellate sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus (10 in 1998, 43 in 1999) and Russian sturgeon, A. gueldenstaedtii (three in 1999) were captured at river km (rkm) 58-137, mostly in the spring, and tagged with acoustic tags offering a reward for return. The overharvest was revealed by tag returns...
A new mathematical solution for predicting char activation reactions
H.H. Rafsanjani, E. Jamshidi, M. Rostam-Abadi
2002, Carbon (40) 1167-1171
The differential conservation equations that describe typical gas-solid reactions, such as activation of coal chars, yield a set of coupled second-order partial differential equations. The solution of these coupled equations by exact analytical methods is impossible. In addition, an approximate or exact solution only provides predictions for either reaction- or...
Groundwater contamination downstream of a contaminant penetration site. II. Horizontal penetration of the contaminant plume
H. Rubin, R. W. Buddemeier
2002, Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering (37) 1813-1839
Part I of this study (Rubin, H.; Buddemeier, R.W. Groundwater Contamination Downstream of a Contaminant Penetration Site Part 1: Extension-Expansion of the Contaminant Plume. J. of Environmental Science and Health Part A (in press).) addressed cases, in which a comparatively thin contaminated region represented by boundary layers (BLs) developed within...
Macroscale water fluxes 3. Effects of land processes on variability of monthly river discharge
P. C. D. Milly, R.T. Wetherald
2002, Water Resources Research (38) 17-1-17-12
A salient characteristic of river discharge is its temporal variability. The time series of flow at a point on a river can be viewed as the superposition of a smooth seasonal cycle and an irregular, random variation. Viewing the random component in the spectral domain facilitates both its characterization and...
Tidal Flux Variation in the Lower Pearl River and Lake Pontchartrain Estuaries of Mississippi and Louisiana
D.P. Turnipseed
Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B.Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper, Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods
Three tidal gages were constructed to collect hydraulic and water-quality properties that could be used to compute the tidal flux of the Pearl River and Lake Pontchartrain estuarine systems in Mississippi and Louisiana. The gages record continuous tidal stage, velocity, water temperature, specific conductance, and salinity, and transmit these data...
Ontogenetic behavior and migration of Volga River Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, with a note on adaptive significance of body color
B. Kynard, P. Zhuang, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, Z. Zhang
2002, Environmental Biology of Fishes (65) 411-421
We conducted laboratory experiments with Volga River Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, to develop a conceptual model of early behavior. We daily observed fish from day-0 (embryos, first life interval after hatching) to day-29 feeding larvae for preference of bright habitat and cover, swimming distance above the bottom, up- and downstream...
Locally refined block-centered finite-difference groundwater models: Evaluation of parameter sensitivity and the consequences for inverse modelling and predictions
S. Mehl, M. C. Hill
2002, Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica (46) 199-203
Models with local grid refinement, as often required in groundwater models, pose special problems for model calibration. This work investigates the calculation of sensitivities and performance of regression methods using two existing and one new method of grid refinement. The existing local grid refinement methods considered are (1) a variably...
The oral bioavailability and toxicokinetics of methylmercury in common loon (Gavia immer) chicks
F. Fournier, W. H. Karasov, K.P. Kenow, M.W. Meyer, R. K. Hines
2002, Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology (133) 703-714
We compared the toxicokinetics of methylmercury in captive common loon chicks during two time intervals to assess the impact of feather growth on the kinetics of mercury. We also determined the oral bioavailability of methylmercury during these trials to test for age-related changes. The blood concentration-time curves for individuals dosed...
Relationship of the 1999 Hector Mine and 1992 Landers fault ruptures to offsets on neogene faults and distribution of late Cenozoic basins in the eastern California shear zone
R.C. Jachens, V.E. Langenheim, J. C. Matti
2002, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (92) 1592-1605
This report examines the Hector Mine and Landers earthquakes in the broader context of faults and fault-related basins of the eastern California shear zone (ECSZ). We compile new estimates of total strike-slip offset (horizontal separation) at nearly 30 fault sites based on offset magnetic anomaly pairs. We also present a...
Historical and projected carbon balance of mature black spruce ecosystems across north america: The role of carbon-nitrogen interactions
Joy S. Clein, A. D. McGuire, X. Zhang, D. W. Kicklighter, J. M. Melillo, S.C. Wofsy, P.G. Jarvis, J.M. Massheder
2002, Conference Paper, Plant and Soil
The role of carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) interactions on sequestration of atmospheric CO2 in black spruce ecosystems across North America was evaluated with the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) by applying parameterizations of the model in which C-N dynamics were either coupled or uncoupled. First, the performance of the parameterizations,...
Distribution and significance of small, artificial water bodies across the United States landscape
S. V. Smith, W. H. Renwick, J.D. Bartley, R. W. Buddemeier
2002, Science of the Total Environment (299) 21-36
At least 2.6 million small, artificial water bodies dot the landscape of the conterminous United States; most are in the eastern half of the country. These features account for approximately 20% of the standing water area across the United States, and their impact on hydrology, sedimentology, geochemistry, and ecology is...
