The use of models for a multiscaled ecological monitoring system: Chapter 6
Donald L. DeAngelis, L.J. Gross, E.J. Comiskey, Wolf M. Mooij, M.P. Nott
David E. Busch, Joel C. Trexler, editor(s)
2002, Book chapter, Monitoring ecosystems: Interdisciplinary approaches for evaluating ecoregional initiatives
No abstract available...
Development of sulfide calibration standards for the laser ablation inductively-coupled plasma mass spectrometry technique
S. A. Wilson, W.I. Ridley, A.E. Koenig
2002, Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry (17) 406-409
The requirements of standard materials for LA-ICP-MS analysis have been difficult to meet for the determination of trace elements in sulfides. We describe a method for the production of synthetic sulfides by precipitation from solution. The method is detailed by the production of approximately 200 g of a material, PS-1,...
Perspectives on trans-Pacific biological invasions
Q. Guo
2002, Acta Phytoecologica Sinica (26) 724-730
Trans-Pacific biological invasion is one of the most striking and influential biological phenomena occurring in modern times and the process is still accelerating, and the associated invasives form neo-disjuncts (cf. many well-known paleo-disjuncts) between eastern Asia and North America. To better understand this phenomenon and the related taxa, I address...
Seasonal comparisons of sea ice concentration estimates derived from SSM/I, OKEAN, and RADARSAT data
Gennady I. Belchansky, David C. Douglas
2002, Remote Sensing of Environment (81) 67-81
The Special Sensor Microwave Imager (SSM/I) microwave satellite radiometer and its predecessor SMMR are primary sources of information for global sea ice and climate studies. However, comparisons of SSM/I, Landsat, AVHRR, and ERS-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) have shown substantial seasonal and regional differences in their estimates of sea ice...
Evaluation of spatial models to predict vulnerability of forest birds to brood parasitism by cowbirds
E.J. Gustafson, M. G. Knutson, G.J. Niemi, M. Friberg
2002, Ecological Applications (12) 412-426
We constructed alternative spatial models at two scales to predict Brown-headed Cowbird (Molothrus ater) parasitism rates from land cover maps. The local-scale models tested competing hypotheses about the relationship between cowbird parasitism and distance of host nests from a forest edge (forest-nonforest boundary). The landscape models tested competing hypotheses about...
Status and trends in atmospheric deposition and emissions near Atlanta, Georgia, 1986-99
N.E. Peters, T.P. Meyers, Brent T. Aulenbach
2002, Atmospheric Environment (36) 1577-1588
Wet and dry atmospheric deposition were investigated from weekly data, 1986-99 (1986-97 for dry deposition) at the Panola Mountain Research Watershed (PMRW), a forested research site 25 km, southeast of Atlanta, Georgia. Furthermore, the wet deposition was compared to that at three adjacent National Atmospheric Deposition Program's National Trends Network...
Spatial and temporal deformation along the northern San Jacinto fault, southern California: Implications for slip rates
K.J. Kendrick, D. M. Morton, S. G. Wells, R.W. Simpson
2002, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (92) 2782-2802
The San Timoteo badlands is an area of uplift and erosional dissection that has formed as a result of late Quaternary uplift along a restraining bend in the San Jacinto fault, of the San Andreas fault system in southern California. This bend currently is located in a region where late...
Life-history implications of large-scale spatial variation in adult survival of black brant (Branta bernicla nigricans)
James S. Sedinger, Nathan Chelgren, Mark S. Lindberg, Tim Obritchkewitch, Morgan T. Kirk, Philip D. Martin, Betty A. Anderson, David H. Ward
2002, The Auk (119) 510-515
We used capture-recapture methods to estimate adult survival rates for adult female Black Brant (Branta bernicla nigricans; hereafter “brant”) from three colonies in Alaska, two on the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, and one on Alaska's Arctic coast. Costs of migration and reproductive effort varied among those colonies, enabling us to examine variation...
Relating net nitrogen input in the Mississippi River Basin to nitrate flux in the Lower Mississippi River--A comparison of approaches
Gregory F. McIsaac, Mark B. David, George Z. Gertner, Donald A. Goolsby
2002, Journal of Environmental Quality (31) 1610-1622
A quantitative understanding of the relationship between terrestrial N inputs and riverine N flux can help guide conservation, policy, and adaptive management efforts aimed at preserving or restoring water quality. The objective of this study was to compare recently published approaches for relating terrestrial N inputs to the Mississippi River...
δ13C values of soil organic matter in semiarid grassland with mesquite (Prosopis) encroachment in southeastern Arizona
Thomas H. Biggs, Jay Quade, Robert H. Webb
2002, Geoderma (110) 109-130
Over the past century, C3 woody plants and trees have increased in abundance in many semiarid ecosystems, displacing native C4 grasses. Livestock grazing, climatic fluctuations, and fire suppression are several reasons proposed for this shift. Soil carbon isotopic signatures are an ideal technique to evaluate carbon turnover rates in such...
Comparison of riparian plant communities under four land management systems in southwestern Wisconsin
L.K. Paine, C. A. Ribic
2002, Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment (92) 93-105
Riparian plant community composition is influenced by moisture, erosion, original native plant communities, and current and past land use. This study compared riparian plant communities under four types of management: woody buffer strip, grassy buffer strip, rotational grazing, and continuous grazing. Study sites were located along spring-fed streams in the...
Rodent middens, a new method for Quaternary research in arid zones of South America
J.L. Betancourt, B. Saavedra
2002, Revista Chilena de Historia Natural (75) 527-546
In arid and semi-arid regions of South America, historical evidence for climate and vegetation change is scarce despite its importance for determining reference conditions and rates of natural variability in areas susceptible to modern desertification. Normal lines of evidence, such as pollen stratigraphies from lakes, are either rare or unobtainable...
Statistical characteristics of xenoliths in the Antioch kimberlite pipe, Marshall County, northeastern Kansas
S. Kotov, Pieter Berendsen
2002, Natural Resources Research (11) 289-297
Geometrical characteristics of xenoliths in the Antioch kimberlite pipe have been considered in statistical terms. A method of conversion of 2D intersections to 3D dimensions was used. It has been shown that the Rosin-Rammler distribution of mass leads to the Weibull distribution of sizes, whereas a fractal distribution of sizes...
Tidal Flux Variation in the Lower Pearl River and Lake Pontchartrain Estuaries of Mississippi and Louisiana
D.P. Turnipseed
Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B.Wahl T.L.Pugh C.A.Oberg K.A.Vermeyen T.B., editor(s)
2002, Conference Paper, Hydraulic Measurements and Experimental Methods
Three tidal gages were constructed to collect hydraulic and water-quality properties that could be used to compute the tidal flux of the Pearl River and Lake Pontchartrain estuarine systems in Mississippi and Louisiana. The gages record continuous tidal stage, velocity, water temperature, specific conductance, and salinity, and transmit these data...
Great Holocene floods along Jokulsa a Fjollum, north Iceland
R. B. Waitt
2002, Book chapter, Flood and megaflood processes and deposits: Recent and ancient examples
Jökulsá á Fjöllum, Iceland's largest glacial river, drains from Vatnajökull icecap northward to the sea along a broad low that includes an active volcanic belt. Geomorphic features along this path reveal an ancient discharge of water large enough to fill the river valley and spill among a plexus of lows...
Locally refined block-centered finite-difference groundwater models: Evaluation of parameter sensitivity and the consequences for inverse modelling and predictions
S. Mehl, M. C. Hill
2002, Acta Universitatis Carolinae, Geologica (46) 199-203
Models with local grid refinement, as often required in groundwater models, pose special problems for model calibration. This work investigates the calculation of sensitivities and performance of regression methods using two existing and one new method of grid refinement. The existing local grid refinement methods considered are (1) a variably...
Improving the analysis of slug tests
C.D. McElwee
2002, Journal of Hydrology (269) 122-133
This paper examines several techniques that have the potential to improve the quality of slug test analysis. These techniques are applicable in the range from low hydraulic conductivities with overdamped responses to high hydraulic conductivities with nonlinear oscillatory responses. Four techniques for improving slug test analysis will be discussed: use...
Ontogenetic behavior and migration of Volga River Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, with a note on adaptive significance of body color
B. Kynard, P. Zhuang, L. Zhang, T. Zhang, Z. Zhang
2002, Environmental Biology of Fishes (65) 411-421
We conducted laboratory experiments with Volga River Russian sturgeon, Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, to develop a conceptual model of early behavior. We daily observed fish from day-0 (embryos, first life interval after hatching) to day-29 feeding larvae for preference of bright habitat and cover, swimming distance above the bottom, up- and downstream...
Migration and habitats of diadromous Danube River sturgeons in Romania: 1998-2000
B. Kynard, R. Suciu, Martin Horgan
2002, Journal of Applied Ichthyology (18) 529-535
Upstream migrant adults of stellate sturgeon, Acipenser stellatus (10 in 1998, 43 in 1999) and Russian sturgeon, A. gueldenstaedtii (three in 1999) were captured at river km (rkm) 58-137, mostly in the spring, and tagged with acoustic tags offering a reward for return. The overharvest was revealed by tag returns...
The central arctic caribou herd
Raymond D. Cameron, Walter T. Smith, Robert G. White, Brad Griffith
David C. Douglas, Patricia E. Reynolds, E. B. Rhode, editor(s)
2002, Biological Science Report 2002-0001-4
From the mid-1970s through the mid-1980s, use of calving and summer habitats by Central Arctic herd caribou (Rangifer tarandus granti) declined near petroleum development infrastructure on Alaska's arctic coastal plain (Cameron et al. 1979; Cameron and Whitten 1980, Smith and Cameron 1983. Whitten and Cameron 1983a, 1985: Dau and Cameron...
Evaluation of 2-soft-release techniques to reintroduce black bears
Rick Eastridge, Joseph D. Clark
2002, Wildlife Society Bulletin (29) 1163-1174
Black bear (Ursus americanus) were extirpated from most of their range by the early 1900s by habitat destruction and unregulated hunting. Since then, bear habitat has recovered in many areas, but isolation may prevent natural recolonization. Black bear translocations often have limited success because of high mortality rates and low...
IL-2 and IL-12 alter NK cell responsiveness to IFN-γ-inducible protein 10 by down-regulating CXCR3 expression
D. L. Hodge, William B. Schill, Ji Ming Wang, I. Blanca, D. A. Reynolds, J. R. Ortaldo, H. A. Young
2002, Journal of Immunology (168) 6090-6098
Cytokine treatment of NK cells results in alterations in multiple cellular responses that include cytotoxicity, cytokine production, proliferation, and chemotaxis. To understand the molecular mechanisms underlying these responses, microarray analysis was performed and the resulting gene expression patterns were compared between unstimulated, IL-2, IL-2 plus IL-12,...
Seismic structure of the crust and uppermost mantle of North America and adjacent oceanic basins: A synthesis
G.S. Chulick, Walter D. Mooney
2002, Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America (92) 2478-2492
We present a new set of contour maps of the seismic structure of North America and the surrounding ocean basins. These maps include the crustal thickness, whole-crustal average P-wave and S-wave velocity, and seismic velocity of the uppermost mantle, that is, Pn and Sn. We found the following: (1) The average thickness...
Locally refined block-centred finite-difference groundwater models: Evaluation of parameter sensitivity and the consequences for inverse modelling
S. Mehl, M. C. Hill
2002, IAHS-AISH Publication 227-232
Models with local grid refinement, as often required in groundwater models, pose special problems for model calibration. This work investigates the calculation of sensitivities and the performance of regression methods using two existing and one new method of grid refinement. The existing local grid refinement methods considered are: (a) a...
Rangeland health attributes and indicators for qualitative assessment
David A. Pyke, Jeffrey E. Herrick, Patrick Shaver, Mike Pellant
2002, Journal of Range Management (55) 584-597
Panels of experts from the Society for Range Management and the National Research Council proposed that status of rangeland ecosystems could be ascertained by evaluating an ecological site's potential to conserve soil resources and by a series of indicators for ecosystem processes and site stability. Using these recommendations as a...
